thresholding parameter Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
INTRODUCTION: Impaired copy of intersecting pentagons from the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), has been used to assess dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD). We used a digitizing tablet during the pentagon copying test (PCT) as a potential tool for evaluating early cognitive deficits in PD without major cognitive impairment. We also aimed to uncover the neural correlates of the identified parameters using whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: We enrolled 27 patients with PD without major cognitive impairment and 25 age-matched healthy controls (HC). We focused on drawing parameters using a digitizing tablet. Parameters with between-group differences were correlated with cognitive outcomes and were used as covariates in the whole-brain voxel-wise analysis using voxel-based morphometry; familywise error (FWE) threshold p < 0.001. RESULTS: PD patients differed from HC in attention domain z-scores (p < 0.0001). In terms of tablet parameters, the groups differed in Shannon entropy (horizontal in-air, p = 0.003), which quantifies the movements between two strokes. In PD, a correlation was found between the median of Shannon entropy (horizontal in-air) and attention z-scores (R = -0.55, p = 0.006). The VBM revealed an association between our drawing parameter of interest and gray matter (GM) volume variability in the right superior parietal lobe (SPL). CONCLUSION: Using a digitizing tablet during the PCT, we identified a novel entropy-based parameter that differed between the nondemented PD and HC groups. This in-air parameter correlated with the level of attention and was linked to GM volume variability of the region engaged in spatial attention.
- MeSH
- entropie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc * komplikace diagnostické zobrazování psychologie MeSH
- šedá hmota MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Objectives. To analyze the pH-monitoring records of patients with suspected extraesophageal reflux (EER) using three different parameters (number of refluxes (NOR), acid exposure time (AET), and reflux area index (RAI)), with a view to determining which type of analysis is best at selecting the patients who will respond to a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Methods. Demographic data were obtained and the level of the complaint was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale. A dual probe pH-monitoring study was conducted. NOR greater than six, AET more than 0.1%, and RAI higher than 6.3 mpH were taken to be the thresholds for EER. Subsequently the response to a 12-week PPI trial was analyzed. Results. A total of 81 patients were analyzed. The percentages of patients with substantial EER based on NOR, AET, and RAI were 36%, 28% and 26%, respectively. Statistically significant, often positive PPI trials were confirmed in the group identified as having substantial EER using all three types of analysis. When using AET and RAI, the significance was more pronounced (P = 0.012 and P = 0.013, resp.) in comparison with NOR (P = 0.033). Conclusions. Patients with EER diagnosed using AET or RAI will respond to PPI significantly often.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Pohybová aktivita na úrovni anaerobního prahu (ANP) nachází uplatnění u velmi širokého spektra osob od vrcholových sportovců přes netrénované zdravé osoby až po nemocné osoby s kardiovaskulárními i jinými chorobami. Byla vyvinuta nová metoda určení ANP ze spiroergometrických parametrů, (10). Autoři tuto metodu transformovali do tabulkového procesoru MS Excel 97 jako softwarovou aplikaci. Metoda umožní vyšetření ANP i těm pracovištím, která nejsou vybavena nejmodernějšími analyzátory vydechovaných plynů ani nemají k dispozici specifický software k vyhodnoceníANR Jde o metodu, pomocí které je ANP vždy hodnotitelný, která je plně reprodukovaíelná a nezávislá na subjektivním faktoru.
Exercise activity within the anaerobic threshold (AT) intensity is used in a very wide spectrum of population; it can be used not only in top athletes or in healthy sedentary persons but also in the patients suffering from either cardiovascular or various other diseases. The authors developed a new method of AT assessment from common spiroergometric parameters and transformed the method to a software application within the spreadsheet Excel 97. The method provides fully reproducibte results which are independent on subjective factor.
- MeSH
- anaerobní práh MeSH
- ergometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- software MeSH
- spirometrie MeSH
- tělesná námaha MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The University Hospital Zurich together with IBM® invented an outcome prediction tool based on the IBM Watson technology, the Watson Trauma Pathway Explorer®. This tool is an artificial intelligence to predict three outcome scenarios in polytrauma patients: the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis within 21 days as well as death within 72 h. The knowledge of a patient's future under standardized trauma treatment might be of utmost importance. Here, new time-related insights on the C-reactive protein (CRP) and sepsis are presented. Meanwhile, the validated IBM Watson Trauma Pathway Explorer® offers a time-related insight into the most frequent laboratory parameters. In total, 3653 patients were included in the databank used by the application, and ongoing admissions are constantly implemented. The patients were grouped according to sepsis, and the CRP was analyzed according to the point of time at which the value was acquired (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h and 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days). The differences were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-Test; binary logistic regression was used to determine the dependency of prediction, and the Closest Top-left Threshold Method presented time-specific thresholds at which CRP is predictive for sepsis. The data were considered as significant at p < 0.05, all analyses were performed in R. The differences in the CRP value of the non-sepsis and sepsis groups are starting to be significant between 6 and 8 h (p < 0.05) after admission inclusive of post hoc analysis, and the binary logistic regression depicts a similar picture. The level of significance is reached between 6 and 8 h (p < 0.05) after admission. The knowledge of the outcome reflected by the CRP in polytrauma patients improves the surgeon's tactical position to indicate operations to reduce antigenic load and avoid an infectious adverse outcome.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Acta oto-laryngologica, ISSN 0365-5237 suppl. 353, 1977
37 s. : tab., grafy ; 26 cm
In epidemiology, it is very important to estimate the baseline incidence of infectious diseases. From this baseline, the epidemic threshold can be derived as a clue to recognize an excess incidence, i.e. to detect an epidemic by mathematical methods. Nevertheless, a problem is posed by the fact that the incidence may vary during the year, as a rule, in a season dependent manner. To model the incidence of a disease, some authors use seasonal trend models. For instance, Serfling applies the sine function with a phase shift and amplitude. A similar model based on the analysis of variance with kernel smoothing and Serfling's higher order models, i.e. models composed of multiple sine-cosine function pairs with a variably long period, will be presented below. Serfling's model uses a long-term linear trend, but the linearity may not be always acceptable. Therefore, a more complex, long-term trend estimation will also be addressed, using different smoothing methods. In addition, the issue of the time unit (mostly a week) used in describing the incidence is discussed.
- MeSH
- epidemiologické metody MeSH
- epidemiologie * MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- roční období * MeSH
- statistické modely * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Smoking causes 80-90% of cases of lung cancer. In this study, an attempt was made to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of lung cancer by the so-called threshold-specific energy model. This model allows to analyse the biological effects of radon daughter products on the lung tissue, and is based on the assumption that the biological effect (i.e. cell inactivation) will manifest itself after the threshold-specific energy z0 deposited in the sensitive volume of the cell is exceeded. Cigarette smoking causes, among others, an increase in the synthesis of the survivin protein that protects cells from apoptosis and thereby reduces their radiosensitivity. Based on these facts, an attempt was made to estimate the shape of the curves describing the increase in the oncological effect of radiation as a function of daily cigarette consumption.
- MeSH
- kouření škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory plic etiologie MeSH
- nádory vyvolané zářením etiologie MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující vzduch škodlivé účinky MeSH
- radon škodlivé účinky MeSH
- statistické modely * MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Flow data represent crucial input for reliable diagnostics of sewer functions and identification of potential problems such as unwanted inflow and infiltration. Flow estimates from pumping stations, which are an integral part of most separate sewer systems, might help in this regard. A robust model and an associated optimization procedure is proposed for estimating inflow to a pumping station using only registered water levels in the pump sump and power consumption. The model was successfully tested on one month of data from a single upstream station. The model is suitable for identification of pump capacity and volume thresholds for switching the pump on and off. These are parameters which are required for flow estimation during periods with high inflows or during periods with flow conditions triggering pump switching on and off at frequencies close to the temporal resolution of monitored data. The model is, however, sensitive within the transition states between emptying and filling to observation errors in volume and on inflow/outflow variability.
