• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• infestace klíšťaty MeSH
• informační systémy MeSH
• kontrola klíšťat MeSH
• meteorologické pojmy MeSH

Tick-borne infectious diseases and allergies are a growing problem worldwide. Tick bite allergy has been associated with the direct effect of immunoglobulin E (IgE) response to tick salivary antigens, or secondary to the induction of allergy to red meat consumption through IgE antibodies against the carbohydrate α-Gal (Gal α 1-3Gal β 1-(3)4GlcNAc-R). However, despite the growing burden of this pathology, the proteins associated with anaphylaxis to tick bite have not been characterized. To address this question, a comparative proteomics approach was used to characterize tick proteins producing an IgE antibody response in a healthy individual with record of tick bites, which had not resulted in any allergic reactions, and two patients with anaphylactic reactions to Rhipicephalus bursa or Hyalomma marginatum tick bites. Both patients and the healthy individual were red meat tolerant. The results supported a patient-specific IgE antibody response to tick species responsible for the anaphylaxis to tick bite. Both patients and the healthy individual serologically recognized tick proteins with and without α-Gal modifications, with proteins differentially recognized by patients but not control sera. These proteins could be used as potential antigens for diagnostics, treatment and prevention of tick bite-induced allergies.

• MeSH
• 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
• anafylaxe imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny imunologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulin E imunologie   MeSH
• klíšťata imunologie   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem komplikace   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proteiny členovců imunologie   MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Hematophagous arthropods are responsible for the transmission of a variety of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex are vectors for some of the most frequently occurring human tick-borne diseases, particularly Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The search for vaccines against these diseases is ongoing. Efforts during the last few decades have primarily focused on understanding the biology of the transmitted viruses, bacteria and protozoans, with the goal of identifying targets for intervention. Successful vaccines have been developed against TBEV and Lyme borreliosis, although the latter is no longer available for humans. More recently, the focus of intervention has shifted back to where it was initially being studied which is the vector. State of the art technologies are being used for the identification of potential vaccine candidates for anti-tick vaccines that could be used either in humans or animals. The study of the interrelationship between ticks and the pathogens they transmit, including mechanisms of acquisition, persistence and transmission have come to the fore, as this knowledge may lead to the identification of critical elements of the pathogens' life-cycle that could be targeted by vaccines. Here, we review the status of our current knowledge on the triangular relationships between ticks, the pathogens they carry and the mammalian hosts, as well as methods that are being used to identify anti-tick vaccine candidates that can prevent the transmission of tick-borne pathogens.

• MeSH
• Borrelia MeSH
• infekce přenášené vektorem MeSH
• klíště mikrobiologie   virologie   MeSH
• klíšťová encefalitida prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymeská nemoc prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty prevence a kontrola   přenos   MeSH
• proteiny členovců imunologie   MeSH
• sliny MeSH
• vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• viry klíšťové encefalitidy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Although Francisella (F.) tularensis is a well-described and understood zoonotic pathogen, its importance in Central Europe is relatively minor and, as such, tularaemia may be missed in the differential diagnosis. The annual incidence of tularaemia in the Czech Republic is relatively stable with up to 100 reported cases per year, except in the epidemic years 1998 and 1999 with 225 and 222 reported cases, respectively. It is, however, higher in comparison with the neighbouring countries. The common route of transmission in Central Europe is handling infected animals. Tularaemia is not commonly recognized as a tick-borne disease. Here we report two rare cases of a tick bite-associated ulceroglandular form of tularaemia in 2.5-year-old and 6.5-year-old children presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy. The unusual and interesting features of those cases are the young age and relatively uncommon route of transmission suggesting possible changes in the epidemiology of tularaemia in the Czech Republic. Therefore, the infection with F. tularensis should be considered in the differential diagnosis after a tick bite even in infants.

• MeSH
• Francisella tularensis * MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem * komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenopatie * MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty * epidemiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• tularemie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Vector-borne diseases constitute 17% of all infectious diseases in the world; among the blood-feeding arthropods, ticks transmit the highest number of pathogens. Understanding the interactions between the tick vector, the mammalian host and the pathogens circulating between them is the basis for the successful development of vaccines against ticks or the tick-transmitted pathogens as well as for the development of specific treatments against tick-borne infections. A lot of effort has been put into transcriptomic and proteomic analyses; however, the protein-carbohydrate interactions and the overall glycobiology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens has not been given the importance or priority deserved. Novel (bio)analytical techniques and their availability have immensely increased the possibilities in glycobiology research and thus novel information in the glycobiology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens is being generated at a faster pace each year. This review brings a comprehensive summary of the knowledge on both the glycosylated proteins and the glycan-binding proteins of the ticks as well as the tick-transmitted pathogens, with emphasis on the interactions allowing the infection of both the ticks and the hosts by various bacteria and tick-borne encephalitis virus.

• MeSH
• Anaplasma patogenita   MeSH
• Borrelia patogenita   MeSH
• glykomika metody   MeSH
• glykosylace MeSH
• interakce hostitele a patogenu fyziologie   MeSH
• klíště mikrobiologie   fyziologie   virologie   MeSH
• lektiny metabolismus   MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty patofyziologie   MeSH
• polysacharidy metabolismus   MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• sacharidy fyziologie   MeSH
• viry klíšťové encefalitidy patogenita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic allergic reaction with rapid onset and potentially life-threatening. We report in detail a case of severe nocturnal anaphylaxis due to pigeon tick bite showing the diagnostic value of the extract and the recombinant allergen in the diagnostic procedures (basophil activation test, IgE immunoblot, and experimental ImmunoCAP). Apart from the presented case, we describe that during the last 10 years, we have collected 28 cases of allergy to Argas reflexus from several European countries. We suspect that this allergy is underdiagnosed because of the lack of diagnostic reagents. Because of the growing number of pigeons in Middle and Southern Europe cities, some cases of idiopathic anaphylaxis could potentially be caused by A. reflexus in those countries. The identification of pigeon ticks as a trigger of anaphylaxis would greatly improve medical care and advice for these patients as the parasite can be exterminated by eradication measures to avoid further incidents.

• MeSH
• anafylaxe diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• Argas MeSH
• Columbidae parazitologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• imunoglobulin E analýza   imunologie   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem komplikace   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Ticks are hematophagous arthropods that use a complex mixture of salivary proteins to evade host defenses while taking a blood meal. Little is known about the immunological and physiological consequences of tick feeding on humans. Here, we performed the first bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of skin and blood of four persons presenting with naturally acquired, attached Ixodes scapularis ticks. Pathways and individual genes associated with innate and adaptive immunity were identified based on bulk RNA sequencing, including interleukin-17 signaling and platelet activation pathways at the site of tick attachment or in peripheral blood. snRNA-seq further revealed that the Hippo signaling, cell adhesion, and axon guidance pathways were involved in the response to an I. scapularis bite in humans. Features of the host response in these individuals also overlapped with that of laboratory guinea pigs exposed to I. scapularis and which acquired resistance to ticks. These findings offer novel insights for the development of new biomarkers for I. scapularis exposure and anti-tick vaccines for human use.

• MeSH
• klíště * genetika   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• RNA malá jaderná MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Klíšťová meningoencefalitida je zoonóza, jejíž incidence má vzestupnou tendenci. Původcem je RNA virus z čeledi Flaviridae a vektorem ve střední Evropě je klíště obecné Ixodes ricinus. K nákaze dochází nejčastěji přisátím klíštěte nebo výjimečně alimentární cestou, konzumací nepasterizovaného mléka infikovaných zvířat. Možnosti preventivních opatření spočívají v individuální ochraně před klíšťaty, ve výjimečných případech v aplikaci velkoplošných postřiků kontaktními insekticidy, v zamezení konzumace nepasterizovaného mléka a mléčných výrobků z oblastí s vysokým výskytem klíšťové encefalitidy a především v očkování vnímavé populace.

Tick-borne meningoencephalitis is a zoonosis that shows an upward trend. The causative agent is an RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae whose vector in Central Europe is the castor bean tick (Ixodes ricinus). The infection is most often transmitted via tick bite or, less commonly, by the alimentary route, through the consumption of unpasteurized milk of infected animals. Preventive measures consist in personal protection from ticks, exceptionally in blanket treatment with contact insecticides, in preventing consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products from areas with a high incidence of tick-borne encephalitis, and particularly in vaccination of the susceptible population.

• Klíčová slova
• očkování, Ixodes ricinus, klíště obecné,
• MeSH
• klíšťová encefalitida epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   přenos   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The ever-increasing number of patients with tick-borne diseases resulted in the presented study investigating the awareness, attitudes and knowledge among students about the threats arising from tick bites and preventive anti-tick practices. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Questionnaires concerning these issues were distributed amongst Czech and Polish university students of science. Responses were analyzed by nationality and by gender. RESULTS: Nearly all respondents were aware of the risks arising from ticks and could name at least one disease transmitted by ticks. The Czech students felt more threatened by tick-borne diseases, had more frequently suffered from Lyme borreliosis and were vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis more often than the Polish students. A large number of the participants applied preventive measures against ticks in order to protect themselves. The Czech students believed in the effectiveness of repellents statistically more often than the Polish students, while effectiveness is the main criterion for selection of the right repellent in both groups. CONCLUSION: Differences in preferences between the two nations appeared in many areas, e.g. the Czechs felt more threatened by all kind of risks and suffered from Lyme disease more frequently. Gaps can still be found in both the knowledge and behaviour among the respondents. It can be expected that the general public knowledge of this issue is rather limited in comparison with the students participating in the study, who are systematically educated in the field.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• klíšťata * MeSH
• kontrola klíšťat metody   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem prevence a kontrola   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty prevence a kontrola   psychologie   MeSH
• studenti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Polsko MeSH

Klíšťová encefalitida (KE) je závažná virová neuroinfekce přenášená dominantně klíšťaty. Článek rekapituluje důvody, proč využít možnost očkovat proti KE. Česká republika (ČR) je země s endemickým výskytem KE a řadí se mezi dlouhodobě nejvíce postižené země. Trendy v incidenci navíc ukazují na dlouhodobý vzestup onemocnění. Jedním z důvodů jsou nepochybně měnící se klimatické podmínky, které pozitivně ovlivňují rozšiřování oblastí výskytu klíšťat a jejich rostoucí aktivitu. Riziko nákazy je díky rozšíření přenašeče na téměř celém území ČR v podstatě plošné. Díky oblíbenosti outdoorových aktivit a způsobu života lze považovat všechny osoby v ČR za populaci v riziku. Onemocnění může postihnout osoby v kterémkoli věku, avšak věkově specifická incidence a současně i riziko závažnějšího klinického průběhu a rozvoje dlouhodobých následků onemocnění, které mohou výrazně negativně ovlivňovat kvalitu života postižených, s věkem roste. Vzhledem k plošnému riziku onemocnění lze očkování doporučit prakticky všem osobám žijícím v České republice.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious viral neuroinfection transmitted predominantly by ticks. The article recapitulates the reasons why to use the possibility of vaccination against TBE. The Czech Republic is a country with endemic TBE and ranks among the most affected countries. Moreover, trends in incidence indicate a long-term increase of the disease. One of the reasons is undoubtedly changing climatic conditions, which positively influence the expanding areas of ticks and their digestion. The risk of the infection is due to the spread of the carrier in the whole territory of the Czech Republic. Thanks to popular outdoor activities and life style, all persons in the Czech Republic can be considered as a population at risk. The disease may affect anyone regardless of their age, but specific incidence and the risk of more serious clinical course and development of long-term consequences of the disease, which can significantly affect the quality of infected people’s life, increase with age. Given the risk of the disease in the whole teritory, the vaccination could be recommended to all people living in the Czech Republic.

• MeSH
• brachiální neuritida komplikace   rehabilitace   terapie   MeSH
• klíšťová encefalitida * epidemiologie   přenos   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kousnutí klíštětem komplikace   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
• rehabilitace metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcinace metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• virové vakcíny MeSH
• viry klíšťové encefalitidy patogenita   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH