Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
nestr.
Mitochondrial disorders (MD) with estimated incidence 1:4000 are caused by disturbances of oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and represent genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of diseases with significant impact on morbidity and mortality. OXPHOS biogenesis is under dual genetic control, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear genome. Subgroup of MD is characterized by mtDNA instability. MtDNA deletions may be caused by mutations in nuclear genes essential for mtDNA stability or may arise secondary to other primary disease in affected tissues. In the project we will elucidate genetic bases of mitochondrial DNA instability in 55 patients, to identify novel factors responsible for presence of deleted mtDNA molecules found in patient tissues and characterize their pathogenic mechanism. The results will significantly contribute to quality of clinical management and genetic counseling in patients. Obtained results improve understanding of mitochondrial biology and may be further utilized for development of effective therapy for these severe disorders.
Mitochondriální onemocnění (MO), jejichž odhadovaná incidence je 1:4000, jsou způsobena poruchou jednoho či více komplexů oxidativní fosforylace (OXPHOS) a tvoří klinicky heterogenní skupinu závažných chorob s významným vlivem na morbiditu a mortalitu. OXPHOS je pod kontrolou jak jaderného genomu, tak i mitochondriální DNA (mtDNA). Podskupina MO je typická výskytem instability mtDNA. Delece v mtDNA mohou být způsobeny jak mutacemi v jaderných genech nezbytných pro stabilitu mtDNA nebo mohou vznikat sekundárně z důvodu jiného onemocnění v postižené tkáni. V projektu se zaměříme na objasnění příčin instability mtDNA u skupiny pacientů, budeme hledat nové faktory zodpovědné za vznik četných delecí v mtDNA v tkáních pacientů a budeme charakterizovat patogenní mechanismy. Výsledky projektu výrazně přispějí ke zlepšení péče o pacienty a kvalitnímu genetickému poradenství v postižených rodinách. Projekt dále přispěje k lepšímu pochopení mitochondriální biologie a nové poznatky mohou být využity k rozvoji účinné terapie pro tato závažná mitochondriální onemocnění.
- MeSH
- delece genu MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA genetika MeSH
- mitochondriální nemoci genetika MeSH
- oxidativní fosforylace MeSH
- sekvenování exomu MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- genetika, lékařská genetika
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
BACKGROUND: Lightless caves can harbour a wide range of living organisms. Cave animals have evolved a set of morphological, physiological, and behavioural adaptations known as troglomorphisms, enabling their survival in the perpetual darkness, narrow temperature and humidity ranges, and nutrient scarcity of the subterranean environment. In this study, we focused on adaptations of skull shape and sensory systems in the blind cave salamander, Proteus anguinus, also known as olm or simply proteus-the largest cave tetrapod and the only European amphibian living exclusively in subterranean environments. This extraordinary amphibian compensates for the loss of sight by enhanced non-visual sensory systems including mechanoreceptors, electroreceptors, and chemoreceptors. We compared developmental stages of P. anguinus with Ambystoma mexicanum, also known as axolotl, to make an exemplary comparison between cave- and surface-dwelling paedomorphic salamanders. FINDINGS: We used contrast-enhanced X-ray computed microtomography for the 3D segmentation of the soft tissues in the head of P. anguinus and A. mexicanum. Sensory organs were visualized to elucidate how the animal is adapted to living in complete darkness. X-ray microCT datasets were provided along with 3D models for larval, juvenile, and adult specimens, showing the cartilage of the chondrocranium and the position, shape, and size of the brain, eyes, and olfactory epithelium. CONCLUSIONS: P. anguinus still keeps some of its secrets. Our high-resolution X-ray microCT scans together with 3D models of the anatomical structures in the head may help to elucidate the nature and origin of the mechanisms behind its adaptations to the subterranean environment, which led to a series of troglomorphisms.
- MeSH
- Proteidae * MeSH
- rentgenové záření MeSH
- tma MeSH
- Urodela MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
- Publikační typ
- tisková chyba MeSH
BACKGROUND: Sideroblastic anemia represents a heterogeneous group of inherited or acquired diseases with disrupted erythroblast iron utilization, ineffective erythropoiesis, and variable systemic iron overload. In a cohort of 421 patients with multisystem mitochondrial diseases, refractory anemia was found in 8 children. RESULTS: Five children had sideroblastic anemia with increased numbers of ring sideroblasts >15%. Two of the children had a fatal course of MLASA1 syndrome (mitochondrial myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia [SA]) due to a homozygous, 6-kb deletion in the PUS1 gene, part of the six-member family of pseudouridine synthases (pseudouridylases). Large homozygous deletions represent a novel cause of presumed PUS1-loss-of-function phenotype. The other three children with SA had Pearson syndrome (PS) due to mtDNA deletions of 4 to 8 kb; two of these children showed early onset of PS and died due to repeated sepsis; the other child had later onset of PS and survived as the hematological parameters normalized and the disease transitioned to Kearns-Sayre syndrome. In addition, anemia without ring sideroblasts was found in three other patients with mitochondrial disorders, including two children with later onset of PS and one child with failure to thrive, microcephaly, developmental delay, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and renal tubular acidosis due to the heterozygous mutations c.610A>G (p.Asn204Asp) and c.674C>T (p.Pro225Leu) in the COX10 gene encoding the cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor. CONCLUSIONS: Sideroblastic anemia was found in fewer than 1.2% of patients with multisystem mitochondrial disease, and it was usually associated with an unfavorable prognosis.
- MeSH
- acyl-CoA-dehydrogenasa s dlouhým řetězcem nedostatek genetika metabolismus MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitochondriální nemoci * genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- nemoci svalů * genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- přetížení železem * genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- sideroblastická anemie * genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- syndrom MELAS * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- vrozené poruchy metabolismu tuků * genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- vrozené syndromy selhání kostní dřeně MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
3D imaging approaches based on X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) have become increasingly accessible with advancements in methods, instruments and expertise. The synergy of material and life sciences has impacted biomedical research by proposing new tools for investigation. However, data sharing remains challenging as microCT files are usually in the range of gigabytes and require specific and expensive software for rendering and interpretation. Here, we provide an advanced method for visualisation and interpretation of microCT data with small file formats, readable on all operating systems, using freely available Portable Document Format (PDF) software. Our method is based on the conversion of volumetric data into interactive 3D PDF, allowing rotation, movement, magnification and setting modifications of objects, thus providing an intuitive approach to analyse structures in a 3D context. We describe the complete pipeline from data acquisition, data processing and compression, to 3D PDF formatting on an example of craniofacial anatomical morphology in the mouse embryo. Our procedure is widely applicable in biological research and can be used as a framework to analyse volumetric data from any research field relying on 3D rendering and CT-biomedical imaging.
- MeSH
- anatomické modely MeSH
- automatizované zpracování dat MeSH
- komprese dat statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lebka anatomie a histologie embryologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- obličejové kosti anatomie a histologie embryologie MeSH
- rentgenová mikrotomografie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- rentgenový obraz - interpretace počítačová MeSH
- šíření informací metody MeSH
- software * MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitochondriální nemoci * MeSH
- sideroblastická anemie * MeSH
- syndrom MELAS * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- komentáře MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
