OBJECTIVES: An occupational disease (OD) is a disorder or health condition which arises due to work related activities and tasks or is caused by work environment. The impact of ODs on medical and social system may be considered as a very important in relation to mortality, morbidity, and invalidity. The most common ODs in the European Union are musculoskeletal disorders (58% of all ODs in 2015). The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the incidence of occupational diseases between the Slovak Republic (SK) and the Czech Republic (CZ). METHODS: Data were obtained from the Health Statistics Yearbooks of the National Health Information Centre of the Slovak Republic and in CZ from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. We worked with records from 2009 to 2019. The average incidence rates (aIR) per 100,000 labourers were calculated based on the number of workers in a given year. All data were calculated separately for SK and CZ, and for males and females. P < 0.05 was considered a significant value. RESULTS: In SK, the number of ODs diagnosed from 2009 to 2019 amounted to 2,351 cases in males and 1,605 cases in females. In CZ, the amount of ODs diagnosed from 2009 to 2019 reached 6,616 cases in males and 5,513 cases in females. In SK, from 2009 to 2019, the incidence of ODs decreased significantly from 7.3 to 4.8 cases per 100,000 labourers (rs = -0.76; p = 0.006). Diseases from one-sided excessive load were the most common ODs in SK (aIR = 7.6 ± 2.2) and in CZ (aIR = 8.2 ± 3.5), followed by ODs caused by vibration. Occupational diseases due to noise, vibrations and SiO2 inhalation were considerably more common among males. Diseases due to long-term excessive one-sided load, skin and infectious diseases were more prevalent in females. Occupational hearing damage due to noise was more frequent in SK and silicosis, asthma bronchiale, respiratory allergies, dermatoses, and infectious diseases were remarkably more frequent in CZ. CONCLUSION: Regarding the main goal, we found a significantly higher aIR of ODs caused by noise in SK than in CZ. In CZ, there was a markedly higher presence of ODs caused by SiO2 inhalation, asthma and respiratory allergy, ODs of skin and infectious and parasitic ODs when compared to SK. In both countries different principles for discontinuance in work are applied when a risk factor occurs. It is necessary to enhance surveillance data and reporting of ODs and increase investments in occupational safety, health education and research for the future.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Peritoneal tumor seeding is a common form of recurrence after gastric cancer surgery. The finding of free tumor cells and/or elevation of tumor markers in the peritoneal fluid could predict intraperitoneal tumor recurrence. The results of these examination can be used for indication of aggressive treatment modalities such as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have operated on 105 patients suffering from gastric cancer. The control group consisted of 12 patients without malignant disease. Peritoneal lavage fluid or ascites was collected immediately after laparotomy and examined by cytology and biochemistry (levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Ca 19-9). Sensitivity, specificity, stage correlation and overall survival were observed. RESULTS: Elevation of tumor markers or the finding of free intraperitoneal tumor cells predicts recurrence. The prognosis of these patients is same as in stage IV TNM classification with median survival time less than 1 year (p = 0.713). Patients with negative cytology have median survival time 5 years contrary to them with positive cytology (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of the cytology was 34% and specificity was 85%. Sensitivity of biochemistry was 53% (combination of both markers) and specificity was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of peritoneal fluid examination for the prognosis. We cannot recommend routine use as an indicator for HIPEC due to low sensitivity, but the result of cytological examination is an independent factor for patient survival.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Lymph nodes involvement is one of main indipendent prognostic factors in gastric cancer. Clinical and prognostic impact of minimal involvement of lymph nodes (micrometastasis and isolated cancer cells) is still unclear. The aim of this prospective, multicentric, randomisated clinical study in the 4 czech onco-surgical centers is to assess incidence of micrometastasis and isolated cancer cells, to assess their clinical and prognostic impact and to determine indication for adjuvant therapy.

Postižení lymfatických uzlin patří u karcinomu žaludku mezi hlavní nezávislé prognostické faktory onemocnění. Klinický a prognostický význam minimálního uzlinového postižení, tedy mikrometastáz a izolovaných nádorových buněk, není dosud jednoznačně určen. Cílem této prospektivní multicentrické klinické studie je zmapování výskytu uzlinových mikrometastáz a izolovaných nádorových buněk u karcinomu žaludku, stanovení jejich klinického a prognostického významu a určení indikací k podání adjuvantní léčby.

• MeSH
• adjuvantní chemoterapie MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy diagnóza   MeSH
• nádorové cirkulující buňky MeSH
• nádory žaludku diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• gastroenterologie
• onkologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR

PURPOSE: Tumor markers are substances found in blood and other biological fluids if tumor is present in the body. They can be produced by tumor itself or can be results of cancer - body relation. They may be used in the follow-up of cancer patients to identify tumor recurrence. Pre-treatment levels have prognostic tool and could signalize persistence of minimal residual disease despite radical surgery. METHODS: We operated on 52 patients with upper GI malignancy (32 with gastric cancer and 20 with pancreatic cancer). Blood samples were taken before surgery and peritoneal samples immediately after laparotomy before any manipulation with tumor. All samples were examined by standard biochemical technique and the level was compared with a stage of the disease. RESULTS: Patients suffering from gastric carcinoma of stage I and II had higher level of both markers in sera then in the peritoneal cavity, however most of them were within physiological range. Patients in stage III and IV had average marker levels in the peritoneal cavity higher than in sera. Number of positive findings was increasing according to the stage of the disease. The peritoneal levels of both markers varied extremely in higher stages. In patients suffering from pancreatic carcinoma the CEA levels both in sera and peritoneal cavity were parallel but peritoneal levels were slightly higher in stages III and IV. Ca 19 - 9 was more sensitive for pancreatic cancer. The percentage of positive findings was higher in sera but the level of Ca 19 - 9 was higher in the peritoneal cavity. The number of positive findings again correlated with the stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Levels of tumor markers in sera could signalize inoperability of tumor (Ca 19 - 9 in cases of pancreatic carcinoma); peritoneal levels could predict R1 resection especially in gastric cancer patients and risk of early peritoneal recurrence of the disease. Difference between the levels in the peritoneum and sera may signalize the route of dissemination (hematogenous and intraperitoneal).

• MeSH
• antigen CA-19-9 analýza   krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• karcinoembryonální antigen analýza   krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní krev   chemie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory žaludku krev   chemie   MeSH
• peritoneální dutina MeSH
• peritoneální nádory krev   chemie   sekundární   MeSH
• peritoneální výplach MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• uzlinové mikrometastázy, izolované nádorové buňky, neoplasm micrometastasis,
• MeSH
• gastrektomie MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• nádory žaludku chirurgie   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of this prospective randomized study was to investigate the necessity of suturing subcutaneous fat tissue in elective abdominal surgery. METHODS: 415 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were admitted to the trial. The patients were divided into two basic groups according to wound contamination: clean operations (n = 201) and clean-contaminated operation (n = 214). Subcutaneous suturing of the subcutaneous fat tissue was performed in half of the patients in each group, determined using the envelope method ('Suture Yes' or 'Suture No'). Wounds were checked on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and 30. Infectious and non-infectious wound complications were charted in the records. Data were statistically analyzed. The percentages of complications in groups with and without subcutaneous suturing were statistically compared using Yates' corrected chi(2) two-tailed test. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant group differences in infectious and non-infectious wound complications. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that omission of subcutaneous fat tissue suturing does not increase the occurrence of infectious or non-infectious wound complications. (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

• MeSH
• břišní stěna chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hojení ran MeSH
• infekce chirurgické rány etiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• podkožní tuk chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• šicí techniky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Cílem prospektivní randomizované studie bylo ověřit, zda je nutné nebo naopak zbytečné provést suturu podkožního tuku při uzávěru operační rány u plánovaných výkonů v abdominální chirurgii. Do studie bylo zařazeno 415 pacientů, kteří podstoupili plánovaný operační výkon v rámci abdominální chirurgie. Dle kontaminace rány byli pacienti rozděleni do dvou základních skupin. Do první skupiny byli zařazeny operace čisté (201 pacientů), do druhé skupiny operace čisté kontaminované (214 pacientů). Postup při uzávěru podkoží (sutura ANO nebo sutura NE) u jednotlivého pacienta byl určen obálkovou metodou. Rány byly kontrolovány 3., 7., 14. a 30. pooperační den. Ranné komplikace infekční a neinfekční byly zaneseny do záznamových protokolů. Získaná data byla vyhodnocena statisticky. V hodnoceném souboru nebyl nalezen statisticky významný rozdíl výskytu ranných komplikací infekčních nebo neinfekčních mezi skupinou se suturou podkoží a skupinou u které byla sutura podkoží vynechána. Podle dosažených výsledků vynechání sutury podkoží nezvyšuje riziko výskytu ranných komplikací.

Aim of this prospective randomized study was to investigate the necessity of suturing of subcutaneous fat tissue in elective abdominal surgery. Four hundred fifteen patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were admitted to the trial. The patients were divided into two basic groups according to wound contamination: clean operations (n = 201) and clean-contaminated operation (n = 214). Subcutaneous suturing of the subcutaneous fat tissue was performed in half of the patients in each group, determined using the envelope method (“Suture YES” or “Suture NO”). Wounds were checked on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and 30. Infectious and non-infectious wound complications were charted in the records. Data were statistically analyzed. The percentages of complications in groups with and without subcutaneous suture were statistically compared using Yates corrected chisquare two-tailed test. There were no statistically significant group differences in infectious and noninfectious wound complications. These results suggest that omission of subcutaneous fat tissue suturing does not increase the occurrence of infectious or non-infectious wound complications.

• MeSH
• břišní dutina chirurgie   MeSH
• chirurgie operační * MeSH
• hojení ran * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• podkožní břišní tuk * MeSH
• pooperační komplikace MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• sutura * MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Většinu tumorů pankreatu představují primární adenokarcinomy. Metastatické postižení pankratu se vyskytuje vzácně. Nečastěji metastazují do pankreatu tumory plic a trávicího ústrojí. V naší kazuistice prezentujeme 72letého pacienta po pravostranné nefrektomii pro Grawitzův tumor. V rámci pravidelného dispenzárního programu 6 let po operaci bylo nalezeno solitární ložisko v burse omentalis, u kterého nebylo možné z CT vyšetření určit, zda vychází ze žaludku (GIST), nebo z pankreatu. Nemocný byl indikován k operaci, tumor vycházel z oblasti pankreatu a byla provedena resekce kaudy. Histologické vyšetření potvrdilo metastázu Grawitzova tumoru. V literatuře jsou kazuisticky zmiňovány metastázy karcinomu ledviny do pankreatu. Většinou se objevují pozdně, s odstupem 5–15 let od primární operace. Obvykle jsou diagnostikovány až v symptomatickém stadiu. Radikální chirurgická léčba je metodou volby.

The vast majority of pancreatic carcinomas are primary adenocarcinomas. Metastasis to the pancreas is uncommon. The most common tumors that involve pancreas secondarily are carcinomas of pulmonary and gastrointestinal origin. We report the case of a 72-years male in whom a solitary tumour was found 6 years after nefrectomy. The patient underwent partial pancreatectomy and splenectomy. Histologic examination revealed a metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma are rare. The interval between primary resection and metastases may be quite long (5–15 years). Patients with pancreatic metastases may present with various gastrointestinal complaints. Only 50% is asymptomatic in time of its diagnosis. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice.

• MeSH
• karcinom diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metastázy nádorů diagnóza   MeSH
• nádory ledvin diagnóza   komplikace   MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní diagnóza   etiologie   sekundární   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• dýchání MeSH
• hypothalamus MeSH
• koronární cirkulace MeSH