- MeSH
- Adaptation, Biological physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Menopause physiology MeSH
- Puberty physiology MeSH
- Aging physiology MeSH
- Human Development * physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
IMPORTANCE: Large-scale neuroimaging studies have revealed group differences in cortical thickness across many psychiatric disorders. The underlying neurobiology behind these differences is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine neurobiologic correlates of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls in 6 disorders: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Profiles of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Similarity between interregional profiles of cell-specific gene expression and those in the group differences in cortical thickness were investigated in each disorder. Next, principal component analysis was used to reveal a shared profile of group difference in thickness across the disorders. Analysis for gene coexpression, clustering, and enrichment for genes associated with these disorders were conducted. Data analysis was conducted between June and December 2019. The analysis included 145 cohorts across 6 psychiatric disorders drawn from the ENIGMA consortium. The numbers of cases and controls in each of the 6 disorders were as follows: ADHD: 1814 and 1602; ASD: 1748 and 1770; BD: 1547 and 3405; MDD: 2658 and 3572; OCD: 2266 and 2007; and schizophrenia: 2688 and 3244. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Interregional profiles of group difference in cortical thickness between cases and controls. RESULTS: A total of 12 721 cases and 15 600 controls, ranging from ages 2 to 89 years, were included in this study. Interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness for each of the 6 psychiatric disorders were associated with profiles of gene expression specific to pyramidal (CA1) cells, astrocytes (except for BD), and microglia (except for OCD); collectively, gene-expression profiles of the 3 cell types explain between 25% and 54% of variance in interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness. Principal component analysis revealed a shared profile of difference in cortical thickness across the 6 disorders (48% variance explained); interregional profile of this principal component 1 was associated with that of the pyramidal-cell gene expression (explaining 56% of interregional variation). Coexpression analyses of these genes revealed 2 clusters: (1) a prenatal cluster enriched with genes involved in neurodevelopmental (axon guidance) processes and (2) a postnatal cluster enriched with genes involved in synaptic activity and plasticity-related processes. These clusters were enriched with genes associated with all 6 psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, shared neurobiologic processes were associated with differences in cortical thickness across multiple psychiatric disorders. These processes implicate a common role of prenatal development and postnatal functioning of the cerebral cortex in these disorders.
- MeSH
- Principal Component Analysis MeSH
- Bipolar Disorder diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Depressive Disorder, Major diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Gene Expression physiology MeSH
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Cohort Studies MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Cerebral Cortex cytology diagnostic imaging growth & development pathology MeSH
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Schizophrenia diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Case-Control Studies MeSH
- Computational Biology MeSH
- Human Development physiology MeSH
- Fetal Development physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Keywords
- imunitní reaktivita, ontogeneze,
- MeSH
- Adaptive Immunity physiology MeSH
- Embryonic and Fetal Development immunology MeSH
- Immunity * physiology MeSH
- Breast Feeding MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lymphocytes immunology MeSH
- Parturition immunology MeSH
- Immunity, Innate physiology MeSH
- Aging physiology immunology MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology immunology MeSH
- Human Development * physiology MeSH
- Child Development physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- MeSH
- Behavior MeSH
- Mental Competency MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Psychology, Social MeSH
- Human Development physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Popular Work MeSH
- MeSH
- Behavioral Research methods standards MeSH
- Mental Disorders classification MeSH
- Geriatrics methods education MeSH
- Congresses as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pediatrics methods education MeSH
- Psychiatry methods trends education MeSH
- Psychotherapy methods trends MeSH
- Education, Medical, Graduate methods MeSH
- Human Development physiology classification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Affective Disorders, Psychotic MeSH
- Mental Disorders classification MeSH
- Gambling psychology MeSH
- Congresses as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neurocognitive Disorders classification MeSH
- Schizophrenia MeSH
- Forensic Psychiatry methods trends MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Human Development physiology classification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
The continuum of life begins in utero. It is not possible to separate any stages of human development from the rest of an individual life's continuum. The life continuum is one of the basic needs in human life in order to maintain homeostasis and equilibrium. Since the vulnerability of an organism is greatest in a developing phase, already the prenatal phase of human life gives opportunities to influence later stages of human life in a positive way. Fundamental processes of life, such as reproduction, metabolism, information processing and immune responsiveness, are controlled by the neuro-endocrine-immune system. Integrated Psychoimmuno-Neuroendocrinology represents a unique opportunity for primary prevention of psychological, emotional and physical disorders.
- MeSH
- Cytokines immunology metabolism MeSH
- Depression immunology metabolism MeSH
- Embryonic and Fetal Development physiology MeSH
- Interferons immunology metabolism MeSH
- Interleukins immunology metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Interdisciplinary Communication MeSH
- Models, Animal MeSH
- Neuroendocrinology methods MeSH
- Neurosciences methods organization & administration trends MeSH
- Beginning of Human Life MeSH
- Psychophysiology methods MeSH
- Aging physiology MeSH
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology metabolism MeSH
- Human Development physiology MeSH
- Inflammation immunology metabolism MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Research Support as Topic MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Physiological Phenomena genetics immunology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Growth and Development physiology genetics MeSH
- Body Height physiology genetics MeSH
- Body Weights and Measures methods utilization MeSH
- Human Development physiology MeSH
- Body Weight Changes MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Animals MeSH
