BACKGROUND: MUC1 and UMOD pathogenic variants cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD). MUC1 is expressed in kidney, nasal mucosa and respiratory tract, while UMOD is expressed only in kidney. Due to haplo-insufficiency ADTKD-MUC1 patients produce approximately 50% of normal mucin-1. METHODS: To determine whether decreased mucin-1 production was associated with an increased COVID-19 risk, we sent a survey to members of an ADTKD registry in September 2021, after the initial, severe wave of COVID-19. We linked results to previously obtained ADTKD genotype and plasma CA15-3 (mucin-1) levels and created a longitudinal registry of COVID-19 related deaths. RESULTS: Surveys were emailed to 637 individuals, with responses from 89 ADTKD-MUC1 and 132 ADTKD-UMOD individuals. 19/83 (23%) ADTKD-MUC1 survey respondents reported a prior COVID-19 infection vs. 14/125 (11%) ADTKD-UMOD respondents (odds ratio (OR) 2.35 (95%CI 1.60-3.11, P = 0.0260). Including additional familial cases reported from survey respondents, 10/41 (24%) ADTKD-MUC1 individuals died of COVID-19 vs. 1/30 (3%) with ADTKD-UMOD, with OR 9.21 (95%CI 1.22-69.32), P = 0.03. The mean plasma mucin-1 level prior to infection in 14 infected and 27 uninfected ADTKD-MUC1 individuals was 7.06 ± 4.12 vs. 10.21 ± 4.02 U/mL (P = 0.035). Over three years duration, our longitudinal registry identified 19 COVID-19 deaths in 360 ADTKD-MUC1 individuals (5%) vs. 3 deaths in 478 ADTKD-UMOD individuals (0.6%) (P = 0.0007). Multivariate logistic regression revealed the following odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for COVID-19 deaths: ADTKD-MUC1 8.4 (2.9-29.5), kidney transplant 5.5 (1.6-9.1), body mass index (kg/m2) 1.1 (1.0-1.2), age (y) 1.04 (1.0-1.1). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with ADTKD-MUC1 are at an eight-fold increased risk of COVID-19 mortality vs. ADTKD-UMOD individuals. Haplo-insufficient production of mucin-1 may be responsible.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * mortalita genetika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mucin 1 * krev MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- uromodulin MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Sporadic cases of apolipoprotein A-IV medullary amyloidosis have been reported. Here we describe five families found to have autosomal dominant medullary amyloidosis due to two different pathogenic APOA4 variants. A large family with autosomal dominant chronic kidney disease (CKD) and bland urinary sediment underwent whole genome sequencing with identification of a chr11:116692578 G>C (hg19) variant encoding the missense mutation p.L66V of the ApoA4 protein. We identified two other distantly related families from our registry with the same variant and two other distantly related families with a chr11:116693454 C>T (hg19) variant encoding the missense mutation p.D33N. Both mutations are unique to affected families, evolutionarily conserved and predicted to expand the amyloidogenic hotspot in the ApoA4 structure. Clinically affected individuals suffered from CKD with a bland urinary sediment and a mean age for kidney failure of 64.5 years. Genotyping identified 48 genetically affected individuals; 44 individuals had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, including all 25 individuals with kidney failure. Significantly, 11 of 14 genetically unaffected individuals had an eGFR over 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Fifteen genetically affected individuals presented with higher plasma ApoA4 concentrations. Kidney pathologic specimens from four individuals revealed amyloid deposits limited to the medulla, with the mutated ApoA4 identified by mass-spectrometry as the predominant amyloid constituent in all three available biopsies. Thus, ApoA4 mutations can cause autosomal dominant medullary amyloidosis, with marked amyloid deposition limited to the kidney medulla and presenting with autosomal dominant CKD with a bland urinary sediment. Diagnosis relies on a careful family history, APOA4 sequencing and pathologic studies.
- MeSH
- amyloidóza * MeSH
- apolipoproteiny A * MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience * diagnóza genetika komplikace MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida * diagnóza genetika komplikace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
Nestr.
Autosomálně dominantní tubulointersticiální onemocnění ledvin (ADTKD) zahrnují vzácná pomalu progredující onemocnění ledvin, jež vedou ve 3.–5. dekádě života k renální insuficienci vyžadující transplantaci ledvin. Dosud známé kauzální geny UMOD, MUC1, REN a SEC61A1 objasňují genetickou příčinu u 65% případů s ADTKD. Projekt je založen na systematickém vyhledávání vzácných genetických variant v rodinách a sporadických případech s evidentně geneticky podmíněnou ADTKD, následné molekulárně biologické charakterizaci nalezených genetických variant a definici základních biologicko-patologických procesů spojených se studovanými fenotypy. Dosažených výsledků bude využito k charakterizaci genetických faktorů ovlivňujících věk nástupu a progresi postižení ledvin v jednotlivých rodinách a u jednotlivých pacientů. Zároveň budou výsledky sloužit ke správné a včasné diagnose, prevenci, cílené terapii a snížení morbidity a mortality spojené s tímto typem onemocnění.; Autosomal dominant tubuloinsterstitial kidney diseases (ADTKD) are characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, pathologic tubular changes and interstitial fibrosis resulting in slowly progressive chronic kidney disease. There are four major conditions as cause of ADTKD: mutation in UMOD, REN, MUC1 or SEC61A1 gene. There are still 35% of ADTKD cases with unknown ethiology. The rate of progression is very variable in individual patients between as well as within families – something that is not yet understood – with individuals requiring renal replacement therapy between the 3rd and 5th decades of life. The aim of the project is to screen families for established genetic causes, to identify genetic and molecular origin of the disease in ADTKD families, to identify genetic factors affecting progression of the disease in individual patients and to develop methods for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment follow up of these conditions. The project should enhance knowledge on ADTKD, determine the pathophysiology, and most importantly, find cures for these conditions.
- MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience genetika MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida genetika komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- genetika, lékařská genetika
- nefrologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD)-uromodulin (UMOD) is the most common nonpolycystic genetic kidney disease, but it remains unrecognized due to its clinical heterogeneity and lack of screening test. Moreover, the fact that the clinical feature is a poor predictor of disease outcome further highlights the need for the development of mechanistic biomarkers in ADTKD. However, low abundant urinary proteins secreted by thick ascending limb cells, where UMOD is synthesized, have posed a challenge for the detection of biomarkers in ADTKD-UMOD. In the CRISPR/Cas9-generated murine model and patients with ADTKD-UMOD, we found that immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BiP), an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, was exclusively upregulated by mutant UMOD in the thick ascending limb and easily detected by Western blot analysis in the urine at an early stage of disease. However, even the most sensitive ELISA failed to detect urinary BiP in affected individuals. We therefore developed an ultrasensitive, plasmon-enhanced fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (p-FLISA) to quantify urinary BiP concentration by harnessing the newly invented ultrabright fluorescent nanoconstruct, termed "plasmonic Fluor." p-FLISA demonstrated that urinary BiP excretion was significantly elevated in patients with ADTKD-UMOD compared with unaffected controls, which may have potential utility in risk stratification, disease activity monitoring, disease progression prediction, and guidance of endoplasmic reticulum-targeted therapies in ADTKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD)-uromodulin (UMOD) is an underdiagnosed cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lack of ultrasensitive bioanalytical tools has hindered the discovery of low abundant urinary biomarkers in ADTKD. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive plasmon-enhanced fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (p-FLISA). p-FLISA demonstrated that secreted immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein is an early urinary endoplasmic reticulum stress biomarker in ADTKD-UMOD, which will be valuable in monitoring disease progression and the treatment response in ADTKD.
- MeSH
- biologické markery moč MeSH
- imunosorpční techniky * MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida genetika moč MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proteiny teplotního šoku moč MeSH
- stres endoplazmatického retikula fyziologie MeSH
- uromodulin genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Patients with ADTKD-MUC1 have one allele producing normal mucin-1 (MUC1) and one allele producing mutant MUC1, which remains intracellular. We hypothesized that ADTKD-MUC1 patients, who have only 1 secretory-competent wild-type MUC1 allele, should exhibit decreased plasma mucin-1 (MUC1) levels. To test this hypothesis, we repurposed the serum CA15-3 assay used to measure MUC1 in breast cancer to measure plasma MUC1 levels in ADTKD-MUC1. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed CA15-3 levels in a reference population of 6,850 individuals, in 85 individuals with ADTKD-MUC1, and in a control population including 135 individuals with ADTKD-UMOD and 114 healthy individuals. RESULTS: Plasma CA15-3 levels (mean ± standard deviation) were 8.6 ± 4.3 U/mL in individuals with ADTKD-MUC1 and 14.6 ± 5.6 U/mL in controls (p < 0.001). While there was a significant difference in mean CA15-3 levels, there was substantial overlap between the 2 groups. Plasma CA15-3 levels were <5 U/mL in 22% of ADTKD-MUC1 patients, in 0/249 controls, and in 1% of the reference population. Plasma CA15-3 levels were >20 U/mL in 1/85 ADTKD-MUC1 patients, in 18% of control individuals, and in 25% of the reference population. Segregation of plasma CA15-3 levels by the rs4072037 genotype did not significantly improve differentiation between affected and unaffected individuals. CA15-3 levels were minimally affected by gender and estimated glomerular filtration rate. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS: Plasma CA15-3 levels in ADTKD-MUC1 patients are approximately 40% lower than levels in healthy individuals, though there is significant overlap between groups. Further investigations need to be performed to see if plasma CA15-3 levels would be useful in diagnosis, prognosis, or assessing response to new therapies in this disorder.
- MeSH
- alely MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida krev genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mucin 1 krev genetika MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- uromodulin genetika MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) caused by mutations in the UMOD gene (ADTKD-UMOD) is considered rare and often remains unrecognised. We aimed to establish the prevalence of genetic kidney diseases, ADTKD and ADTKD-UMOD in adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and to investigate characteristic features. METHODS: We sent questionnaires on family history to all patients with CKD stages 3-5 in our tertiary renal centre to identify patients with inherited renal disease. Details on clinical and family history were obtained from patient interviews and clinical records. Sanger sequencing of the UMOD gene was performed from blood or saliva samples. RESULTS: 2027 of 3770 sent questionnaires were returned. 459 patients reported a family history, which was consistent with inherited kidney disease in 217 patients. 182 non-responders with inherited kidney diseases were identified through a database search. Of these 399 individuals, 252 had autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), 28 had ADTKD, 25 had Alports, and 44 were unknown, resulting in 11% of CKD 3-5 patients and 19% of end-stage renal disease patients with genetic kidney diseases. Of the unknown, 40 were genotyped, of whom 31 had findings consistent with ADTKD. 30% of unknowns and 39% of unknowns with ADTKD had UMOD mutations. Altogether, 35 individuals from 18 families were found to have ten distinct UMOD mutations (three novel), making up 1% of patients with CKD 3-5, 2% of patients with end-stage renal disease, 9% of inherited kidney diseases and 56% with ADTKD. ADTKD-UMOD was the most common genetic kidney disease after ADPKD with a population prevalence of 9 per million. Less proteinuria and haematuria, but not hyperuricaemia or gout were predictive of ADTKD-UMOD. The main limitations of the study are the single-centre design and a predominantly Caucasian population. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of genetic kidney diseases and ADTKD-UMOD is significantly higher than previously described. Clinical features poorly predicted ADTKD-UMOD, highlighting the need for genetic testing guided by family history alone.
- MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience diagnóza epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- genetické testování metody MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida diagnóza epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polycystické ledviny autozomálně dominantní diagnóza epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- uromodulin genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
ER stress has emerged as a signaling platform underlying the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop ER stress biomarkers in the incipient stages of ER stress-mediated kidney disease, when a kidney biopsy is not yet clinically indicated, for early therapeutic intervention. Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2) is a newly identified protein that is induced and secreted under ER stress. For the first time to our knowledge, we demonstrate that CRELD2 can serve as a sensitive urinary biomarker for detecting ER stress in podocytes or renal tubular cells in murine models of podocyte ER stress-induced nephrotic syndrome and tunicamycin- or ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), respectively. Most importantly, urinary CRELD2 elevation occurs in patients with autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease caused by UMOD mutations, a prototypical tubular ER stress disease. In addition, in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery, detectable urine levels of CRELD2 within postoperative 6 hours strongly associate with severe AKI after surgery. In conclusion, our study has identified CRELD2 as a potentially novel urinary ER stress biomarker with potential utility in early diagnosis, risk stratification, treatment response monitoring, and directing of ER-targeted therapies in selected patient subgroups in the emerging era of precision nephrology.
- MeSH
- akutní poškození ledvin diagnóza etiologie patofyziologie moč MeSH
- biologické markery moč MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- extracelulární matrix - proteiny fyziologie moč MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida genetika patofyziologie moč MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekuly buněčné adheze fyziologie moč MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- nefrotický syndrom diagnóza patofyziologie moč MeSH
- podocyty metabolismus MeSH
- pooperační komplikace moč MeSH
- stres endoplazmatického retikula fyziologie MeSH
- uromodulin genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Dna, arthritis urica, je metabolické onemocnění způsobené zánětlivou reakcí na ukládání urátových krystalů do kloubů a měkkých tkání. Chronická hyperurikémie, kauzální příčina dny, vzniká nerovnováhou mezi endogenní produkcí a exkrecí kyseliny močové. Nejčastějším mechanismem vedoucím ke vzniku hyperurikémie je snížená exkrece kyseliny močové. Transport urátu je komplexní proces zahrnující řadu transmembránových proteinů zajišťujících reabsorpci (majoritně URAT1, GLUT9) a sekreci (ABCG2) na apikální i bazolaterální straně proximálních tubulů a v případě ABCG2 i s významným podílem transportu v gastrointestinálním traktu. Nové znalosti o exkreci kyseliny močové umožnily vývoj nové strategie v léčbě hyperurikémie mechanismem blokace urátových transportérů. Znalosti genetického pozadí urikémie jsou podstatné pro včasné rozpoznání etiologie onemocnění, volbě vhodné léčby a také k monitorování compliance ze strany pacienta. Detailní vyšetření purinového metabolismu a exkrece kyseliny močové ve specializovaných laboratořích je vhodné zejména u pacientů s časným nástupem a/nebo familiárním výskytem onemocnění.
Gout, arthritis urica, is a metabolic disorder caused by an inflammatory reaction to the deposition of urate crystals into joints and soft tissues. Chronic hyperuricaemia, the cause of the gout, results in an imbalance between endogenous production and excretion of uric acid. The most common mechanism leading to hyperuricaemia is decreased excretion of uric acid. Urate transport is a complex process involving a number of transmembrane proteins that provide reabsorption (mostly URAT1, GLUT9) and secretion (ABCG2) on the apical and basolateral side of the proximal tubules. ABCG2, with a significant proportion, provides transport in the gastrointestinal tract. New knowledge on uric acid excretion has allowed the development of a new strategy in the treatment of hyperuricaemia by blocking urate transporters. Knowledge of the genetic background of uricemia is essential for early identification of the aetiology of the disease, the choice of appropriate treatment, and also the monitoring of compliance by the patient. Detailed examination of purine metabolism and uric acid excretion in specialized laboratories is particularly useful for patients with early onset and / or familial outbreaks of the disease.
- Klíčová slova
- urátové transportéry,
- MeSH
- ABC transportér z rodiny G, člen 2 fyziologie genetika MeSH
- dna (nemoc) * diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- hyperurikemie * diagnóza etiologie genetika MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida diagnóza genetika MeSH
- kyselina močová chemie MeSH
- Leschův-Nyhanův syndrom diagnóza genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteiny usnadňující transport glukosy fyziologie genetika MeSH
- puriny metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) refers to a group of conditions characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, a bland urinary sediment with minimal blood and protein, pathologic changes of tubular and interstitial fibrosis, and slowly progressive chronic kidney disease. This commentary discusses recent advances in our medical knowledge of these conditions, including the recent identification of mutations in the MUC1 gene as a cause of ADTKD and changes in terminology proposed by Ekici et al.
- MeSH
- chromozomální aberace * MeSH
- intersticiální nefritida genetika patologie MeSH
- ledvinové kanálky patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidské chromozomy, pár 1 * MeSH
- lidské chromozomy, pár 16 * MeSH
- mucin 1 genetika MeSH
- uromodulin genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- komentáře MeSH
