• MeSH
• estetika stomatologická MeSH
• implantace zubů metody   MeSH
• informovaný souhlas pacienta MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malokluze chirurgie   MeSH
• pacientova volba MeSH
• zirkonium MeSH
• zubní implantáty jednotlivých zubů * MeSH
• zubní korunky MeSH
• zubní náhrada ve spojení s implantáty metody   MeSH
• zubní protéza - design metody   MeSH
• zubní protéza - oprava * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• perkutánní transhepatická drenáž, perkutánní transhepatická cholangiografie,
• MeSH
• chirurgie žlučových cest * metody   MeSH
• cholangiografie metody   MeSH
• cholestáza chirurgie   MeSH
• drenáž * metody   MeSH
• informovaný souhlas pacienta MeSH
• intervenční radiografie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pooperační péče MeSH
• žlučové cesty intrahepatální chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

PURPOSE: Off-label drugs are being used in laryngology. Prescribing of a medicinal product is a decision taken within the relationship between a patient and his/her treating health care provider (HCP). The purpose of this article is to discuss the medicolegal aspects of off-label drug use, to provide recommendations for obtaining informed patient consent for off-label treatment and to propose the place and role of scientific societies and specialist boards in shaping good practices in this area. The final aim is to present recommendations concerning off-label usage and propose special clauses in informed patients consent. METHODS: The literature was reviewed regarding off-label applications in laryngology. Practical information on off-label use in various EU countries was collected. RESULTS: Registration data and pharmacokinetics of cidofovir, bevacizumab, Gardasil®, hyaluronic acid and mitomycin are provided. Off-label prescribing is not prohibited by EU law. Informed consent to treatment with an off-label drug exists in all EU countries. The risk that a court will accept liability of a HCP in case of off-label prescribing is higher than in case of on-label prescribing. If a HCP is held liable for the outcome of a medical treatment, the approval by the competent authorities and professional guideline is a strong defense. CONCLUSION: A patient's precise, explicit consent for the procedures including off-label drugs administration is mandatory. The second prerequisite is defining a need for creating based on recommendations by national or international scientific societies.

• MeSH
• informovaný souhlas pacienta * zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• off-label použití léčivého přípravku * zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• otorinolaryngologie * zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• společnosti lékařské MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• konsensus - konference MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na ochranu osobních údajů v kontextu digitálních technologií. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; S technickým rozvojem narůstají také možnosti zásahů do soukromí osob a přibývají i jejich nové formy. Zvláště závažnými jsou zásahy ve formě shromažďování a dalšího zpracování řady kategorií osobních údajů, často jde o zpracování hromadná, zpravidla plošného charakteru, dopadající na značná množství osob. Mnohá takováto zpracování jsou uložena obecně závaznými právními předpisy, nejde tak o zásahy samy o sobě protiprávní. Sledovaným účelem takových zpracování osobních údajů je často boj proti terorismu, mnohdy obecněji boj proti trestné činnosti, ale také např. usnadnění a kontrola výběru daní, či jiných dávek a další účely.

• MeSH
• digitální technologie MeSH
• důvěrnost informací MeSH
• informační technologie MeSH
• soukromí MeSH
• zákonodárství jako téma MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ústavní právo. Správní právo
• NLK Obory
• lidská práva

BACKGROUND: Detrimental effects of misinformation were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Presently, amid Russia's military aggression in Ukraine, another wave of misinformation is spreading on the web and impacting our daily lives, with many citizens and politicians embracing Russian propaganda narratives. Despite the lack of an objective connection between these 2 societal issues, anecdotal observations suggest that supporters of misinformation regarding COVID-19 (BM-C) have also adopted misinformation about the war in Ukraine (BM-U) while sharing similar media use patterns and political attitudes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a link between respondents' endorsement of the 2 sets of misinformation narratives, and whether some of the selected factors (media use, political trust, vaccine hesitancy, and belief rigidity) are associated with both BM-C and BM-U. METHODS: We conducted a survey on a nationally representative sample of 1623 individuals in the Czech Republic. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship between BM-C and BM-U. In addition, multiple linear regression was used to determine associations between the examined factors and both sets of misinformation. RESULTS: We discovered that BM-C and BM-U were moderately correlated (Spearman ρ=0.57; P<.001). Furthermore, increased trust in Russia and decreased trust in the local government, public media, and Western allies of the Czech Republic predicted both BM-C and BM-U. Media use indicating frustration with and avoidance of public or mainstream media, consumption of alternative information sources, and participation in web-based discussions indicative of epistemic bubbles predicted beliefs in misinformation narratives. COVID-19 vaccine refusal predicted only BM-C but not BM-U. However, vaccine refusers were overrepresented in the BM-U supporters (64/161, 39.8%) and undecided (128/505, 25.3%) individuals. Both beliefs were associated with belief rigidity. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides empirical evidence that supporters of COVID-19 misinformation were susceptible to ideological misinformation aligning with Russian propaganda. Supporters of both sets of misinformation narratives were primarily linked by their shared trust or distrust in the same geopolitical actors and their distrust in the local government.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola   epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• komunikace * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odkládání očkování psychologie   MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• politika MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcíny proti COVID-19 aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Rusko MeSH
• Ukrajina MeSH

Background: Ethical decision making is a complex process in health and nursing care. Whenever nurses make ethical decisions, they also have to consider what benefits the patient. Some studies have shown that nurses' ethical perceptions and sensitivities directly affect quality of health care. Aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of internal medicine nurses' ethical perceptions and sensitivities on the quality of care. Methods: The sample of this analytical cross-sectional study consisted of two hundred nurses (n = 200) from internal medicine clinics of a university hospital (in Turkey). Data collection tools used to collect the data were a Nurse Information Form, the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24), the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ), and the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS). Data were analyzed with percentages, the Mann-Whitney U test, and correlation analysis. Results: A significant negative correlation was found between the total score of the CBI-24 (r = -0.152, p < 0.005) and the total score of the MSQ. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found between all subscale and total scores of the BDI-24 and all subscale and total scores of the HECS. There was no statistically significant correlation between HECS and MSQ (p > 0.05).

• MeSH
• kvalita zdravotní péče etika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ošetřovatelská etika * MeSH
• osoby s mentálním postižením MeSH
• práva pacientů etika   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rozhodování MeSH
• vnitřní lékařství etika   metody   MeSH
• zdravotní sestry * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko MeSH

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (CVH) has become a critical public health issue, with attitudes toward vaccines emerging as a broader social issue. Public debates surrounding vaccines have expanded beyond health considerations to include issues of trust, misinformation, and societal values, making CVH a complex challenge that requires multifaceted solutions. Analyzing the various determinants of CVH is crucial for developing targeted strategies to improve vaccine acceptance in specific countries and to better prepare for future public health crises. However, no study to date has evaluated the determinants of CVH in a representative sample of the Czech population. METHODS: A multiple hierarchical logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between various sociodemographic, trust and attitudinal factors with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (CVA). The analysis utilized survey data from a representative longitudinal sample of the Czech population (N = 1,407). RESULTS: After controlling for all other factors, trust in official statements from the Ministry of Health was the strongest predictor of CVA, followed by prior positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination (prior to vaccine availability) and older age. Lower trust in COVID-19 misinformation also predicted CVA, while lower interest in COVID-19 media content was associated with CVA. Higher income initially predicted CVA but lost statistical significance after controlling for other variables. Interestingly, education did not play a role in CVA. CONCLUSION: CVH was primarily driven by distrust in government-provided information. Notably, vaccine refusers demonstrated a higher motivation to seek information on the topic, offering a promising opportunity for health policy interventions. Our findings suggest that strategies to reduce CVH should prioritize building trust in state institutions and effectively combating misinformation.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• důvěra * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odkládání očkování * psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pacientův souhlas se zdravotní péčí statistika a číselné údaje   psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcíny proti COVID-19 * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ústavní soud,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duly zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matky zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• perinatální smrt * MeSH
• porod doma * etika   škodlivé účinky   zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• práva pacientů etika   zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• právní odpovědnost MeSH
• soudní vědy zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zanedbávání lékařské péče MeSH
• ženská práva zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• novinové články MeSH
• soudní případy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Ethics is an inherent part of psychotherapy that protects the interests and rights of all parties engaged in the therapeutic relationship. This article focuses on ethical issues and dilemmas that may arise when using schema therapy. METHOD: We created a narrative review by searching the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus with the keywords "psychotherapy", "schema therapy", "therapeutic relationship", "ethics", "ethical questions", and "ethical dilemmas". In addition, we focused on the clinical experience of therapists, training instructors, and supervisors. RESULTS: Ethical psychotherapy requires adherence to ethical codes and standards. Among the most important ethical principles are confidentiality, informed consent, boundaries of the therapeutic relationship, and dual relationships. Understanding transference, countertransference, and one's modes and schemas is essential to ethical reflection in schema therapy. The article presents examples of ethical dilemmas in schema therapy and suggests possible solutions. At the same time, we point out the need for further research in this field. CONCLUSION: Similarly to other psychotherapeutic approaches, one of the schema therapist's core competencies is following the profession's ethical principles and productively finding solutions to the occasional ethical dilemmas. Ethics is a prominent part of all psychotherapeutic sessions. Still, it becomes even more central when working with challenging issues such as personality disorders that schema therapy routinely treats. More research on the topic is needed.

• MeSH
• důvěrnost informací etika   MeSH
• informovaný souhlas pacienta etika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychoterapie * etika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Seasonal influenza vaccination rates among the elderly in the Czech Republic are alarmingly low, making it one of the least vaccinated countries in Europe. This study explored the role of vaccine literacy and insurance coverage on vaccination status. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Summer 2023 using a self-administered questionnaire covering vaccine literacy (functional, interactive, and critical skills), negative perceptions towards influenza vaccination, and the 5C model (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility). Individuals aged 55 and older were included in the study. Mediation analyses assessed the indirect effects of insurance coverage on vaccination status. RESULTS: Significant differences were noted in vaccination rates based on insurance coverage, chronic diseases, regular medication use, and previous COVID-19 and pneumococcal vaccinations. Vaccine literacy, especially interactive and critical skills, was higher among vaccinated individuals. Confidence and collective responsibility were significant promoters, while complacency and constraints were barriers to vaccination. Mediation analyses indicated that negative perceptions, confidence, and collective responsibility significantly mediated the relationship between insurance coverage and vaccination status. CONCLUSION: Enhancing vaccine literacy and addressing psychological antecedents are crucial for improving influenza vaccination rates among the elderly. Policy measures should include improving vaccine literacy, building public confidence, and addressing negative perceptions.

• MeSH
• chřipka lidská * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odkládání očkování * psychologie   MeSH
• pojistné krytí MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcinace psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• vakcíny proti chřipce * MeSH
• Východoevropané MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• zdravotní gramotnost * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH