Clitoria ternatea L., známá jako motýlí hrách (butterfly pea), je tradiční ájurvédská bylina, používaná po staletí jako lék na posílení paměti, jako nootropikum, anxiolytikum, antidepresivum, antikonvulzivum a sedativum. Z rostliny byla izolována široká škála sekundárních metabolitů včetně triterpenoidů, flavonolových glykosidů, anthokyanů a steroidů. Rostlina má v tradiční medicíně dlouhodobé využití pro řadu nemocí a moderní vědecké studie potvrdily její význam také pro moderní medicínu. Tento přehledný článek shrnuje dostupné informace o etnobotanickém a etnomedicínském použití klitorie ternatské a jejím potenciálním využití v medicíně.
Clitoria ternatea L., known as the butterfly pea, is a traditional Ayurvedic medicine used for centuries as a memory enhancer, as a nootropic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and sedative. A wide variety of secondary metabolites including triterpenoids, flavonol glycosides, anthocyanins and steroids have been isolated from the plant. The plant has long been used in traditional medicine for a number of ailments, and modern scientific studies have confirmed its importance in modern medicine as well. This review article summarizes available information on the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal uses of blue ternate and its potential in modern medicine.
- MeSH
- antidepresiva aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- anxiolytika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Clitoria * chemie MeSH
- experimenty na zvířatech MeSH
- farmakologické účinky * MeSH
- kognice účinky léků MeSH
- léčivé rostliny MeSH
- Murinae MeSH
- nervový systém účinky léků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- terapeutické užití MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- osobní vzpomínky jako téma MeSH
- psychiatrie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- biografie MeSH
- O autorovi
- Mohr, Pavel, 1965- Autorita
- Klíčová slova
- psychiatrizace,
- MeSH
- deprese epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- duševní poruchy * epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- epidemiologické metody * MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- komentáře MeSH
Syndrom komplexní regionální bolesti (KRBS) je onemocnění s multifaktoriální patofyziologií, v níž se uplatňuje senzitizace centrálního a periferního nervového systému, zánět, genetické faktory, vegetativní nervový systém, autoimunitní reakce a psychika. Složitá a nejednoznačná patofyziologie KRBS komplikuje klinickou diagnostiku. Ta je založena na mezinárodně schválených Budapešťských kritériích, jež berou v úvahu přítomnost symptomů a vylučují alternativní příčiny. Terapeutický management vyžaduje multidisciplinární přístup se zaměřením na individuální léčebné plány včetně řešení psychologických faktorů. Tento článek poskytuje přehled aktualizací v diagnostice a léčbě KRBS. Nejnovější doporučení pro léčbu KRBS zdůrazňují důležitost včasné diagnózy a intervence.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a disease with a multifactorial pathophysiology involving central and peripheral nervous system sensitization, inflammation, genetic factors, autonomic nervous system, autoimmune response, and psychological disposition. The complex and ambiguous pathophysiology of CRPS complicates clinical diagnosis. This is based on the internationally approved Budapest criteria, which take into account the presence of symptoms and exclude alternative causes. Therapeutic management requires a multidisciplinary approach with a focus on individual treatment plans including addressing psychological factors. This review provides an overview of updates in the diagnosis and treatment of CRPS. The most recent guidelines for the treatment of CRPS emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.
- Klíčová slova
- Budapešťská kritéria,
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- komplexní regionální syndromy bolesti * diagnóza farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Following the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's warning against power morcellators due to potential cell dissemination of occult malignancy, there has been a shift away from minimally invasive approaches. This concern also overshadows the well-documented advantages of minimally invasive surgery in benign gynecology. Objectives: To evaluate whether intraperitoneal cell dissemination during laparoscopic surgery for uterine fibroids can be reduced by (i) the choice of morcellation method and/or (ii) copious irrigation after the procedure. Methods: This prospective multicenter comparative pilot study included 72 women undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) or total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign conditions. Women were divided into four groups in order to compare different types of morcellation, including a reference group without morcellation: (i) LM with power morcellation (n = 21, Group A), (ii) TLH with en-bloc transvaginal tissue removal without morcellation (n = 17, Group B), (iii) TLH with manual vaginal morcellation (n = 19, Group C), and (iv) TLH with contained manual vaginal morcellation (n = 15, Group D). Patients receiving cold knife morcellation were randomized into Groups C or D. In order to assess cell spread before surgery, after surgery but before morcellation, after morcellation, and after abdominal irrigation with a total of 3000 mL saline solution, peritoneal washings were collected at six timepoints. Results: After specimen removal (TP3), cell spread was significantly higher in cases with power morcellation [13/19 (68%) in Group A] compared to transvaginal cold knife morcellation, both contained and uncontained [Group C 1/14 (7%) and Group D 1/19 (9%)] (p < 0.001), or to TLH with en bloc removal [Group B 1/17 (6%)]. Saline irrigation reduced the positive cytologies. After 3000 mL (TP6), the difference between Group A and the TLH groups was not significant [4/18 (22%) vs. 3/45 (7%), p = 0.079]. Conclusions: Our study shows that (i) transvaginal cold knife morcellation results in significantly less peritoneal cell dissemination than power morcellation, and (ii) peritoneal irrigation with 3000 mL of saline significantly reduces residual cell presence. These findings could support maintaining minimally invasive approaches while addressing safety concerns.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
During the COVID-19 pandemic, specific COVID-19-related conditions renewed interest in the full-awake venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( fa V-V ECMO) approach, in which ECMO is applied to awake, cooperative, and non-intubated patients. This scoping review aims to provide a descriptive overview of fa V-V ECMO in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS). We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the keywords "awake ECMO" or "spontaneous breathing AND ECMO", combined with "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2" or "coronavirus", utilizing the Boolean operator "AND". The search included papers published from November 1, 2019, to December 31, 2024. Sixty-four papers were assessed for eligibility at the abstract level, and fourteen articles (seven small-sample cohort studies and seven case reports) comprising 95 patients were included in the final analysis. The most frequent reasons for preferring fa V-V ECMO over mechanical ventilation were barotrauma and patient refusal of intubation and mechanical ventilation. The fa V-V ECMO strategy was successful (ie, patients not intubated, disconnected from ECMO, and discharged from the hospital) in 36.4% of cases (cohort studies only). The incidence of defined severe adverse events (bleeding, thrombosis, cannula malposition, delirium, and progression of barotrauma) was considered low. The mortality rate for CARDS patients treated with fa V-V ECMO (including only patients from cohort studies) reached 33.0%, notably lower than the 48% reported for CARDS patients treated with V-V ECMO in the ELSO registry. Patients who were intubated due to worsening respiratory failure during fa V-V ECMO had significantly higher mortality. Infectious complications, sepsis, and multiorgan failure were the most frequent causes of death. However, significant heterogeneity in the definitions and reporting of management, ECMO-related complications, and outcomes was observed across the papers. Despite the heterogeneity of the data, fa V-V ECMO in CARDS patients can be considered a safe approach associated with a lower mortality rate than that reported in the overall V-V ECMO CARDS population.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Childhood interstitial lung diseases (chILDs) are rare and heterogeneous disorders associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation of chILD typically includes chronic or recurrent respiratory signs and symptoms with diffuse radiographic abnormalities on chest imaging. Diagnosis requires a structured, multi-step approach. Treatment options are limited, with disease-specific therapies available only in selected cases and management relying primarily on supportive care. Awareness of chILDs has been steadily increasing. New diagnoses, advanced diagnostic tests, and novel treatments are emerging each year, highlighting the importance of collaborative, multidisciplinary teams in providing comprehensive care for children and families affected by these complex conditions. On behalf of the European Respiratory Society Clinical Research Collaboration for chILD (ERS CRC chILD-EU), this review provides an updated overview of the diagnostic approach and management strategies for chILDs.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
