Device-based measures
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We developed a simple low-cost cultivation-based microfluidic device from office-laminator foil and Parafilm for the determination of specific microorganisms in water samples. The main goal was to obtain a device that would be portable and cheap compared to common laboratory techniques testing microorganisms. This device needs only 10µL of a sample and can be easily used in terrain by a non-specialist. Moreover, we dealt with some technical aspects of the device fabrication such as low-cost lamination techniques and the use of different cultivation media.
- MeSH
- analýza moči přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Escherichia coli izolace a purifikace MeSH
- laboratoř na čipu ekonomika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- moč mikrobiologie MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The key factor in the development of antibody-based assays is to find an antibody that has an appropriate affinity, high specificity, and low cross-reactivity. However, this task is not easy to carry out since the research antibodies on the market may suffer from low specificity and reproducibility. Here, we report on a palm-sized dot blot-based device, called the affiblot, that has a specially designed lid that allows simultaneous semi-quantitative comparison of up to five antibodies from different suppliers regarding their affinity/avidity, cross-reactivity, and batch-to-batch reliability. The only required peripheral equipment is a vacuum pump, a camera, and densitometry software. The affiblot device was tested for its functionality and its measurements were compared against those obtained by standard dot blot and ELISA. The benefit over these methods, when various antibodies are evaluated, is in its simplicity. It allows easy antigen deposition, fast application and the discarding of the solutions, a compact undivided membrane, and therefore significant decrease of labor. The device was tested with specific anti-ApoE, anti-EpCAM, anti-Salmonella, anti-E. coli, and anti-Listeria antibodies from different suppliers. Their properties were compared for their ability to interact specifically with antigen and/or non-target structures and the best-suited antibody for the intended application was identified.
Dengue is one of the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. Differential diagnosis is a crucial step for the management of the disease and its epidemiology. Point-of-care testing of blood-borne dengue biomarkers provides an advantageous approach in many health care settings, and the ability to follow more than one biomarker at once could significantly improve the management of the disease. Bead-based multiplex technologies (suspension array) can measure multiple biomarker targets simultaneously by using recognition molecules immobilized on microsphere beads. The overarching objective of our work is to develop a portable detection device for the simultaneous measurement of multiple biomarkers important in dengue diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Here, we present a bead-based assay for the detection of one of the four serotypes of dengue virus non-structural protein (DENV-NS1) as well as its cognate human IgG. In this system, the fluorescent microspheres containing the classification fluorophore and detection fluorophore are imaged through a microfluidic chip using an infinity-corrected microscope system. Calibration curves were plotted for median fluorescence intensity against known concentrations of DENV-NS1 protein and anti-NS1 human IgG. The limit of quantitation was 7.8 ng/mL and 15.6 ng/mL, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of the multiplex detection of dengue biomarkers and present its analytical performance parameters. The proposed imaging device holds potential for point-of-care testing of biomarkers on a highly portable system, and it may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of dengue as well as other infectious diseases.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Device-based algorithms offer the potential for automated optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), but the process for accepting them into clinical use is currently still ad-hoc, rather than based on pre-clinical and clinical testing of specific features of validity. We investigated how the QuickOpt-guided VV delay (VVD) programming performs against the clinical and engineering heuristic of QRS complex shortening by CRT. METHODS: A prospective, 2-center study enrolled 37 consecutive patients with CRT. QRS complex duration (QRSd) was assessed during intrinsic atrioventricular conduction, synchronous biventricular pacing, and biventricular pacing with QuickOpt-proposed VVD. The measurements were done manually by electronic calipers in signal-averaged and magnified 12-lead QRS complexes. RESULTS: Native QRSd was 174 ± 22 ms. Biventricular pacing with empiric AVD and synchronous VVD resulted in QRSd 156 ± 20 ms, a significant narrowing from the baseline QRSd by 17 ± 27 ms, P = 0.0003. In 36 of 37 patients, the QuickOpt algorithm recommended left ventricular preexcitation with VVD of 42 ± 18 ms (median 40 ms; interquartile range 30-55 ms, P <0.00001). QRSd in biventricular pacing with QuickOpt-based VVD was significantly longer compared with synchronous biventricular pacing (168 ± 25 ms vs. 156 ± 20 ms; difference 12 ± 11ms; P <0.00001). This prolongation correlated with the absolute VVD value (R = 0.66, P <0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: QuickOpt algorithm systematically favours a left-preexcitation VVD which translates into a significant prolongation of the QRSd compared to synchronous biventricular pacing. There is no reason to believe that a manipulation that systematically widens QRSd should be considered to optimize physiology. Device-based CRT optimization algorithms should undergo systematic mechanistic pre-clinical evaluation in various scenarios before they are tested in large clinical studies.
INTRODUCTION: The administration of questionnaires presents an easy way of obtaining important knowledge about phobic patients. However, it is not well known how these subjective measurements correspond to the patient's objective condition. Our study aimed to compare scores on questionnaires and image evaluation to the objective measurements of the behavioral approach test (BAT) and the neurophysiological effect of spiders extracted from fMRI measurements. The objective was to explore how reliably subjective statements about spiders and physiological and behavioral parameters discriminate between phobics and non-phobics, and what are the best predictors of overall brain activation. METHODS: Based on a clinical interview, 165 subjects were assigned to either a "phobic" or low-fear "control" group. Finally, 30 arachnophobic and 32 healthy control subjects (with low fear of spiders) participated in this study. They completed several questionnaires (SPQ, SNAQ, DS-R) and underwent a behavioral approach test (BAT) with a live tarantula. Then, they were measured in fMRI while watching blocks of pictures including spiders and snakes. Finally, the respondents rated all the visual stimuli according to perceived fear. We proposed the Spider Fear Index (SFI) as a value characterizing the level of spider fear, computed based on the fMRI measurements. We then treated this variable as the "neurophysiological effect of spiders" and examined its contribution to the respondents' fear ratings of the stimuli seen during the fMRI using the redundancy analysis (RDA). RESULTS: The results for fear ranks revealed that the SFI, SNAQ, DS-R, and SPQ scores had a significant effect, while BAT and SPQ scores loaded in the same direction of the first multivariate axis. The SFI was strongly correlated with both SPQ and BAT scores in the pooled sample of arachnophobic and healthy control subjects. DISCUSSION: Both SPQ and BAT scores have a high informative value about the subject's fear of spiders and together with subjective emotional evaluation of picture stimuli can be reliable predictors of spider phobia. These parameters provide easy and non-expensive but reliable measurement wherever more expensive devices such as magnetic resonance are not available. However, SFI still reflects individual variability within the phobic group, identifying individuals with higher brain activation, which may relate to more severe phobic reactions or other sources of fMRI signal variability.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- náklady na léky MeSH
- náklady na zdravotní péči MeSH
- relativní hodnotové stupnice MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- zdravotní pojištění MeSH
- zdravotnické prostředky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
Nasogastrická sonda je v pediatrickém ošetřovatelství důležitým fenoménem užívaným pro účely nutriční podpory a podávání léků do zažívacího traktu dětí. Nezbytným předpokladem bezpečné a efektivní ošetřovatelské péče je správné umístění a zajištění sondy v žaludku po celou dobu jejího zavedení. K tomuto účelu slouží jednoduché ověřovací testy použitelné u lůžka klienta, tzv. bedside testy. Cílem příspěvku je poskytnout informace o využití metody EBP (praxe založené na důkazech) při hledání účelných bedside testů u dětí. V elektronických databázích byla nalezena jedna randomizovaná studie, tři klinické studie a devět klinických doporučení respektujících metodu praxe založené na důkazech. Zdroje byly podrobeny kritickému hodnocení důkazů. Na jejich podkladě je možné vyvodit, že bezpečnou a efektivní metodou ověřování polohy sondy u dětských pacientů je pH metrie aspirátu.
Nasogastric tube is an important phenomenon in pediatric nursing used for feeding and administering drugs into the digestive system of children. The prerequisite for safe and effective nursing is the proper placement and position of the nasogastric tube in the stomach for the whole time it remains there. Simple screening tests, so called bedside tests, are used to ensure proper placement of the feeding tube. The objective of this conference paper is to fi nd an effective strategy of bedside testing to verify and confirm the position of the nasogastric tube in children using evidence based practice. One randomized study, three clinical studies and nine clinical recommendations respecting the method of EBP were found through reviewing electronic databases. Critical evaluation of the resources showed that the most effective method of nasogastric tube position verification in children is pH testing of aspirate.
- Klíčová slova
- nasogastrická sonda, kontrola polohy, pH metrie, auskultace,
- MeSH
- chybná zdravotní péče prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- enterální výživa metody MeSH
- gastrointestinální intubace metody ošetřování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
- lékařská praxe založená na důkazech MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelské zhodnocení metody MeSH
- ošetřovatelství - výzkum vyhodnocovací statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- pediatrické ošetřovatelství metody MeSH
- poslech MeSH
- selhání zařízení MeSH
- stanovení žaludeční acidity MeSH
- vyšetření u lůžka MeSH
- žaludeční šťáva chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
Cíl: Zhodnotit využití a indikace intraaortální balonkové kontrapulsace (IABK) v kardiologické intenzivní péči, charakteristiku a klinický výsledek léčených pacientů. Metodika: Retrospektivní analýza pacientů hospitalizovaných na kardiologické jednotce intenzivní péče léčených IABK od 1. 1. 2005 do 31. 12. 2008. Výsledky: Intraaortální balonkovou kontrapulsaci jsme použili u 67 pacientů. Nejčastější indikací byl kardiogenní šok u pacientů s infarktem myokardu s elevacemi úseku ST (STEMI) (61 %), dále kardiogenní šok u pacientů bez elevací úseku ST (NSTEMI) (21 %) a kardiogenní šok jiné etiologie (9 %). V 9 % byla IABK použita jako podpora před vysoce rizikovou perkutánní koronární intervencí. Průměrná doba léčby IABK byla 50 hodin (maximum 240 hodin). Všichni pacienti podstoupili koronarografi i. Komplikace léčby IABK jsme zaznamenali u 13 % pacientů. Padesát pět pacientů mělo kardiogenní šok při infarktu myokardu (IM). Průměrný věk u této skupiny byl 67 ± 9 let (76 % mužů). U pacientů s IM a kardiogenním šokem byla v 73 % provedena primární perkutánní koronární intervence (PCI), 22 % pacientů bylo indikováno k urgentnímu CABG. V době zahájení IABK bylo 94 % nemocných na katecholaminové podpoře, 80 % pacientů na invazivní mechanické ventilaci. Nemocniční mortalita pacientů s IM a kardiogenním šokem v našem souboru byla 50 %, jednoroční mortalita 55 %. Závěr: Na našem pracovišti je IABK součástí komplexní péče o pacienty s těžšími formami kardiogenního šoku především při akutním infarktu myokardu. Nemocniční mortalita pacientů s akutním infarktem myokardu v kardiogenním šoku v našem souboru je srovnatelná s literárními údaji.
Aim: To assess the use of intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) and its indications in an intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU), patients' characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients treated with IABC in an ICCU from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2008. Results: Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation was used in 67 patients. The most frequent indications were cardiogenic shock in STEMI patients (61%), cardiogenic shock in non-STEMI patients (21%), and cardiogenic shock of another etiology (9%). In 9% of patients, IABC was used as a support measure before high-risk PCI. The mean IABC treatment duration was 50 hours (max 240 hours). All patients underwent coronary angiography. Complications were observed in 13% of patients. Fifty-fi ve patients had cardiogenic shock due to acute MI. The mean age in this subgroup was 67 ± 9 years (76% were males). In this subgroup, primary PCI was performed in 73% of patients while urgent CABG was indicated in 22% of patients. At IABC initiation, 94% of patients required catecholamines, 80% patients needed invasive mechanical ventilation. Hospital mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock associated with acute MI was 50%, one-year mortality 55%. Conclusion: In our ICCU, IABC is part of comprehensive acute cardiac care predominantly in patients with severe cardiogenic shock, mostly due to acute myocardial infarction. Hospital mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock is comparable with published data.
- MeSH
- farmakoterapie metody využití MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hemodynamika MeSH
- infarkt myokardu komplikace mortalita terapie MeSH
- intraaortální balónková pumpa metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- kardiocentra metody organizace a řízení trendy MeSH
- kardiogenní šok komplikace mortalita terapie MeSH
- katecholaminy terapeutické užití MeSH
- kontrapulzace metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- koronární jednotky využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech trendy MeSH
- podpůrné srdeční systémy využití MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Background: It has been suggested that velocity-based training (VBT) improves real-life performance in sports, such as jumping, but studies rarely examined the associations between variables derived during VBT (VBT-variables) and jumping performances. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between VBT-variables derived during deadlift exercise executed at different loads and anthropometric variables, and vertical and horizontal jump performance in young athletes. Methods: Seventeen youth soccer players (16-18 years old) were included. Predictors were body height, body mass, body fat percentage, and VBT-variables (force, power, and velocity) measured at different loads (45%, 55%, 65%, 75%, 85%, and 95%) of a one-repetition maximum deadlift (1RM). Criteria included tests of vertical and horizontal jumping performance. Results: The VBT-variables are more strongly correlated with horizontal jumps (Pearson's r up to .81) than vertical jumps (Pearson's r up to .75). The VBT-variables for the deadlift recorded at lower loads stronger correlated with jumping performance than the VBT-variables recorded at higher loads. Conclusions: Results of the study suggest that light-to-moderate loads (45%-65% of 1RM) maximize power output and are therefore more strongly related to jumping performance in youth athletes. Further intervention studies aimed at the improvement of jumping performances using the VBT are warranted.
Ultrasound power delivery can be considered a convenient technique for charging implantable medical devices. In this work, an intra-body system has been modeled to characterize the phenomenon of ultrasound power transmission. The proposed system comprises a Langevin transducer as transmitter and an AlN-based square piezoelectric micro-machined ultrasonic transducer as receiver. The medium layers, in which elastic waves propagate, were made by polydimethylsiloxane to mimic human tissue and stainless steel to replace the case of the implantable device. To characterize the behavior of the transducers, measurements of impedance and phase, velocity and displacement, and acoustic pressure field were carried out in the experimental activity. Then, voltage and power output were measured to analyze the performance of the ultrasound power delivery system. For a root mean square voltage input of approximately 35 V, the power density resulted in 21.6 μW cm-2. Such a result corresponds to the data obtained with simulation through a one-dimensional lumped parameter transmission line model. The methodology proposed to develop the ultrasound power delivery (UPD) system, as well as the use of non-toxic materials for the fabrication of the intra-body elements, are a valid design approach to raise awareness of using wireless power transfer techniques for charging implantable devices.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
