The Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, St. Anne‘s University Hospital in Brno, and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, has a long history of surgical treatment of lymphedema and elephantiasis, which started in 1970s. There were many types of surgeries described and performed at our department – starting with prof. Bařinka‘s radical operation of elephantiasis, then lower limb end-to-side lymphovenous anastomosis pulled through the wall to the great saphenous vein, and genital lymphedema reduction. We call this era “the first period” of surgical lymphedema treatment. “The second period” started in 2016 by using free flaps with lymph nodes or vascularized lymph nodes and using microsurgical techniques of end-to-end, end-to-side and side-to-end lymphovenous anastomoses to the subcutaneous veins of a small calibre, which then drain the lymph into the blood stream. “The third period” started 2 years ago after the visit of prof. Yang from Taiwan – we started to use the method of single stitch end-to-side anastomosis to big subcutaneous veins like the great saphenous vein or the cephalic vein.

• Keywords
• Bařinkova operace,
• MeSH
• Anastomosis, Surgical classification   methods   MeSH
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• History, 21st Century MeSH
• Elephantiasis surgery   diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lymphedema * surgery   diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Plastic Surgery Procedures * history   classification   methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• History, 21st Century MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• MeSH
• Elephantiasis * history   etiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Malaria * history   etiology   transmission   MeSH
• Mosquito-Borne Diseases * history   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Biography MeSH
• Historical Article MeSH

• About
• Manson, Patrick, 1844-1922 Authority

• MeSH
• Emergencies MeSH
• Critical Care MeSH
• Wounds and Injuries MeSH
• Emergency Treatment MeSH
• Publication type
• Atlas MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• urgentní lékařství
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• Internal Medicine MeSH
• Publication type
• Textbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NML Fields
• vnitřní lékařství
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• Lower Extremity MeSH
• Elephantiasis diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lipedema diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Lymphedema * diagnostic imaging   etiology   classification   therapy   MeSH
• Manual Lymphatic Drainage methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Obesity etiology   complications   MeSH
• Venous Insufficiency complications   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

The authors present 11 cases of plexiform neurofibroma (PN) that featured a very characteristic type of cell appearing as multivacuolated mucin-filled cells (MMFC). The 11 cases were obtained after reviewing 109 cases of PN. Six out of 10 patients showed clinical features of neurofibromatosis type 1. The size of PN ranged from 0.8 cm to 11.5 cm in the largest dimension. The lesions represented classical PN in all cases with myxoid, hypocellular stroma. The MMFC were found within the most myxoid tumorous nodules and were haphazardly located, typically featuring a variably sized, multivacuolated cytoplasm divided by fine septa with a small polygonal nucleus on one side, which was often compressed or slightly indented by the cytoplasmic mucous substances. In many cases, the cells resembled a soccer ball or a jellyfish. In all tested cases (n = 9), the MMFC stained for CD34; six cases were also positive with GLUT-1 antibody, and two cases expressed Claudin-1, whereas S-100 protein was negative. For comparison, we have reviewed a series of randomly selected non-PN, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and of cases featuring non-neoplastic nerve trunks in our files, in which no MMFC were encountered. MMFC seem to be unique to myxoid areas of PN, where they occur in about 10% of cases. Their exact histogenesis is unclear but they might represent an intermediate type of cell between perineurial cells and fibroblasts. The awareness of this cell type in PN is especially important in limited (small) biopsy specimens where their recognition may provide a clue for the correct diagnosis.

• MeSH
• Antigens, CD34 analysis   MeSH
• Biopsy MeSH
• Claudin-1 analysis   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Immunohistochemistry MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Mucins analysis   MeSH
• Biomarkers, Tumor analysis   MeSH
• Neurofibromatosis 1 metabolism   pathology   MeSH
• Neurofibroma, Plexiform chemistry   pathology   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Glucose Transporter Type 1 analysis   MeSH
• Prognosis MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Vacuoles chemistry   pathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• Keywords
• jarní očista organismu,
• MeSH
• Blood Vessels MeSH
• Duodenum physiology   MeSH
• Elephantiasis, Filarial MeSH
• Gastrointestinal Tract physiology   physiopathology   MeSH
• Liver physiology   MeSH
• Joints MeSH
• Enema methods   MeSH
• Colon physiology   MeSH
• Complementary Therapies * methods   MeSH
• Kidney physiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome MeSH
• Intestine, Small physiology   MeSH
• Stomach physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Popular Work MeSH

Mosquito vector control is facing a number of important and timely challenges, mainly due to the rapid development of pesticide resistance and environmental concerns. In this scenario, screening of botanical resources for their mosquitocidal activity may offer effective and eco-friendly tools against Culicidae vectors. Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) is a vector of lymphatic filariasis and of dangerous arboviral diseases, such as West Nile and St. Louis encephalitis. In this study, the chemical composition of five essential oils obtained from different plants, namely Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold var. italica (Pinaceae), Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. aristatus (Lamiaceae), Satureja montana L. subsp. montana (Lamiaceae), Aloysia citriodora Palau (Verbenaceae) and Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér (Geraniaceae), was investigated by GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, it was evaluated their acute toxicity on larvae of C. quinquefasciatus. Then, the most effective oils were selected, in order to focus on the potential synergistic and antagonistic effects, testing them in binary mixtures on C. quinquefasciatus larvae. Results showed that the higher effectiveness was obtained by S. montana subsp. montana essential oil (LC50=25.6μL·L(-1)), followed by P. nigra var. italica (LC50=49.8μL·L(-1)) and A. citriodora (LC50=65.6μL·L(-1)), while the other essential oils showed LC50 values higher than 90μL·L(-1). The larvicidal effectiveness can be enhanced by preparing simple binary mixtures of essential oils, such as S. montana+A. citriodora (ratio 1:1), which showed higher larvicidal toxicity (LC50=18.3μL·L(-1)). On the other hand, testing S. montana+P. nigra (1:1) an antagonistic effect was detected, leading to a LC50 (72.5μL·L(-1)) higher than the LC50 values calculated for the two oils tested separately. Overall, our results add useful knowledge to allow the employ of synergistic essential oil blends as effective, cheap and eco-friendly mosquito larvicides.

• MeSH
• Drug Antagonism MeSH
• Pinus chemistry   MeSH
• Culex drug effects   MeSH
• Elephantiasis, Filarial prevention & control   transmission   MeSH
• Encephalitis, St. Louis prevention & control   transmission   MeSH
• Insecticides chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Mosquito Vectors drug effects   MeSH
• Larva drug effects   MeSH
• Plant Leaves chemistry   MeSH
• Oils, Volatile chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Plant Oils chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Pelargonium chemistry   MeSH
• Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry MeSH
• Satureja chemistry   MeSH
• Drug Synergism MeSH
• Verbenaceae chemistry   MeSH
• Hyssopus Plant chemistry   MeSH
• West Nile Fever prevention & control   transmission   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Neurofibromatóza je relativně časté autozomálně dominantně dědičné neurokutánní onemocnění způsobené mutací tumor supresorových genů se vznikem mnohočetných hamartomů, benigních a maligních nádorů. Onemocnění se v současné době dělí na 3 samostatné jednotky s odlišným klinickým obrazem, podmíněným mutací různých genů – neurofibromatózu typu 1 (NF1), neurofibromatózu typu 2 (NF2) a schwannomatózu. Nejčastějším typem je NF1. Projevy onemocnění jsou věkově vázané, závažnost klinického obrazu je variabilní. Kožní projevy se vyskytují zejména u NF1, méně u ostatních typů. Jedná se o mnohočetné skvrny charakteru „café-au-lait“ a drobné skvrnité hyperpigmentace („freckling“) v axillách a tříslech. U NF1 se nachází neurofibromy a plexiformní neurofibromy, gliomy optiku, patognomický je nález Lischových nodulů na duhovce. U NF2 se nachází vestibulární schwannomy, u schwannomatózy mnohočetné schwannomy periferních nervů. Prognóza je individuální podle klinického obrazu a komplikací. K diagnostice jednotlivých forem neurofibromatóz slouží diagnostická kritéria, klíčovou roli hraje vyšetření dermatologem. Pacienti by měli být koncentrováni ve specializovaných centrech. Léčba neurofibromatózy je symptomatická. Klíčová slova: neurofibromatóza – café-au-lait – freckling – neurofibrom – schwannom – gliom – specializovaná centra odborné péče

Neurofibromatosis is a relatively common autosomal dominant hereditary neuro-cutaneous disease caused by mutation in tumor-suppressor genes. It results in the development of multiple hamartomas, benign and malignant tumors. The disease is currently classified into 3 individual subunits with different clinical presentations based on mutations of different genes – neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis. The most common type is NF1. The symptoms are age-dependent, the severity of clinical picture is variable. Cutaneous symptoms are present namely in NF1, they are less common in other types. They include multiple café-au-lait spots and axillary and inguinal freckling. Neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas and optic gliomas are present in NF1, Lisch nodules in the iris are pathognomonic. Vestibular schwannomas are typical for NF2, and multiple schwannomas in peripheral nerves are present in schwannomatosis. The prognosis differs and is based on the clinical picture and complications. Diagnostic criteria play a key role in differentiating various types of neurofibromatosis and dermatological examination plays a key role. Patients should be concentrated in specialized centers. The treatment of neurofibromatosis is symptomatic. Key words: neurofibromatosis – café-au-lait spot – freckling – neurofibroma – schwannoma – glioma – specialized centers specialized care

• Keywords
• freckling, schwannomatóza,
• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Long-Term Care MeSH
• Genetic Testing MeSH
• Optic Nerve Glioma etiology   MeSH
• Hyperpigmentation etiology   complications   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Interdisciplinary Communication MeSH
• Central Nervous System Neoplasms complications   MeSH
• Neoplasms complications   MeSH
• Central Nervous System Diseases complications   MeSH
• Iris Diseases complications   MeSH
• Bone Diseases complications   MeSH
• Neurilemmoma etiology   complications   MeSH
• Neurofibroma etiology   complications   MeSH
• Neurofibromatosis 1 * diagnosis   etiology   physiopathology   therapy   MeSH
• Neurofibromatosis 2 diagnosis   etiology   physiopathology   MeSH
• Neurofibromatoses classification   MeSH
• Neurofibrosarcoma complications   MeSH
• Neurofibroma, Plexiform etiology   MeSH
• Cafe-au-Lait Spots etiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• Keywords
• osli,
• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Edema MeSH
• Elephantiasis * diagnosis   etiology   drug therapy   complications   MeSH
• Fever MeSH
• Bites and Stings prevention & control   therapy   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• General Practitioners * MeSH
• Malaria, Falciparum * MeSH
• Rabies * diagnosis   etiology   transmission   therapy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Geographicals
• Africa, Central MeSH