ERBB3 Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
With the increasing use of innovative next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms in routine diagnostic and research settings, the genetic landscape of uterine sarcomas has been dynamically evolving during the last two decades. Notably, the majority of recently recognized genotypes in uterine sarcomas represent gene fusions, while recurrent oncogene mutations of diagnostic and/ or therapeutic value have been rare. Recently, a distinctive aggressive uterine sarcoma expressing S100 and SOX10, but otherwise lacking diagnostic morphological, immunophenotypic and molecular features of other uterine malignancies has been presented in a scientific abstract form (USCAP, 2023), but detailed description and delineation of the entity is still missing. We herein describe two high-grade unclassified uterine sarcomas characterized by spindle to round cell morphology and diffuse expression of S100 and SOX10, originating in the uterine body and cervix of 53- and 45-year-old women and carrying an ERBB3 (p.Glu928Gly) and an ERBB2 (p.Val777Leu) mutation, respectively. Both tumors harbored in addition genomic HER2 amplification, ATRX mutation and CDKN2A deletion. Methylation studies revealed a methylome most similar to MPNST-like tumors, but distinct from melanoma, MPNST, clear cell sarcoma, and endometrial stromal sarcoma. Case 1 died of progressive peritoneal metastases after multiple trials of chemotherapy 47 months after diagnosis. Case 2 is a recent case who presented with a cervical mass, which was biopsied. This study defines a novel heretofore unrecognized aggressive uterine sarcoma with unique phenotypic and genotypic features. Given the potential value of targeting HER2, recognizing this tumor type is mandatory for appropriate therapeutic strategies and for better future delineation of the entity.
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- nádory dělohy * genetika patologie MeSH
- proteiny S100 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- receptor erbB-2 * genetika MeSH
- receptor erbB-3 * genetika MeSH
- sarkom * genetika patologie MeSH
- stupeň nádoru MeSH
- transkripční faktory SOXE * genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Východiska: Fúze genu neuregulin 1 (NRG1) byla zjištěna u mnoha různých karcinomů. Nejčastěji u adenokarcinomů plic, a to zejména v těch bez mutace genů KRAS a BRAF. Cíl: Článek představuje nově popsanou různorodou skupinu karcinomů s fúzí genu NRG1. Vysvětluje základní molekulárně-genetické mechanizmy související s touto řídicí genovou alterací. Jde o aktivaci receptoru ERBB3 (HER3) a ERBB2 (HER2) s následnou iniciací kanonických onkogenních drah PIK a MAPK. Sumarizujeme dosavadní zkušenosti s novými léčebnými postupy. Závěr: Dosavadní celosvětové výsledky imunoterapie, cytotoxické a zatím zkoušené cílené léčby nejsou uspokojivé. Probíhají další léčebné studie (z toho dvě v Evropě) a výzkum biologie těchto karcinomů. NRG1 rearanžované karcinomy je možné diagnostikovat metodou mRNA sekvenace nové generace (NGS) i v podmínkách ČR.
Introduction: Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene fusion was detected in a wide range of carcinomas. It is most frequently present in lung adenocarcinomas, especially in KRAS and BRAF wild-type cases. Purpose: We present a newly described diverse group of NRG1 rearranged carcinomas. The paper explains basic molecular principles associated with this oncogenic driver. It consists of ERBB3 (HER3) and ERBB2 (HER2) receptor activation with downstream activation of PIK and MAPK canonical pathways. The experience with new therapeutic modalities is summarized. Conclusions: So far, the global results of cytotoxic, immune and targeted therapies were disappointing. Further research (including two studies in Europe) is underway, developing new therapeutic strategies and examining this cancer biology. In the meantime, it is possible to diagnose NRG1 rearranged carcinomas in the Czech Republic since mRNA next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis is readily available.
- MeSH
- cílená molekulární terapie MeSH
- erbB receptory účinky léků MeSH
- genetické testování MeSH
- geny erbB-1 MeSH
- geny erbB-2 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * genetika terapie MeSH
- neuregulin-1 MeSH
- receptor erbB-2 účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Receptor epidermálního růstového faktoru (epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR) je transmembránový glykoprotein s vazebným místem pro rodinu ligandů extracelulárních proteinových epidermálních růstových faktorů. Receptor epidermálního růstového faktoru je členem rodiny receptorů ErbB (erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene), která je tvořena celkem čtyřmi členy úzce příbuzných receptorových tyrosinkináz: EGFR (ErbBI, HER1), ErbB2/neu (HER2), ErbB3 (HER3) a ErbB4 (HER4). Epidermální růstový faktor a jeho receptor byly objeveny Stanleyem Cohenem. Cohen se v roce 1986 podělil o Nobelovu cenu za medicínu s Ritou Levi-Montalciniovou za objev růstových faktorů. Od EGFR může být signál předáván řadou intracelulárních přenašečů RAS-RAF-MAPK (vedoucí k proliferaci buněk), nebo jsou aktivovány signální dráhy JAK-STAT3 či PI3K-AKT (ovlivňující přežívání buněk). Vyšetření mutačního stavu tohoto receptoru má zásadní roli v rozhodování o léčbě nemalobuněčného plicního karcinomu a je cílem tzv. biologické léčby.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a binding site for a family of extracellular protein epidermal growth factor ligands. The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB (erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene) receptor family, which consists of a total of four members of closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbBI or HER1), ErbB2/neu (HER2), ErbB3 (HER3) and ErbB4 (HER4). Epidermal growth factor and its receptor were discovered by Stanley Cohen. In 1986, Cohen shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini for his discovery of growth factors. The signal from EGFR can be transmitted by a number of intracellular transporters RAS-RAF-MAPK (leading to cell proliferation), or the singular pathways JAK-STAT3 or PI3K-AKT (affecting cell survival) are activated. Examination of the mutational status of this receptor plays a crucial role in deciding on the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and is the goal of so-called biological treatment.
- Klíčová slova
- dacomitinib, osimertinib,
- MeSH
- afatinib terapeutické užití MeSH
- embryonální vývoj MeSH
- erbB receptory * fyziologie genetika terapeutické užití MeSH
- erlotinib terapeutické užití MeSH
- gefitinib terapeutické užití MeSH
- geny erbB-1 genetika účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory tyrosinkinasy terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * diagnóza genetika terapie MeSH
- protinádorové látky imunologicky aktivní terapeutické užití MeSH
- savci MeSH
- tekutá biopsie metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Receptor epidermálního růstového faktoru (epidermal growth factor receptor – EGFR), který je označován rovněž jako lidský epidermální receptor-1 (human epidermal receptor-1 – HER1), je jedním ze čtyř podobných receptorů rodiny erbB – HER1/erbB1; HER2/neu/erbB2; HER3/erbB3 a HER4/erbB4. Jedná se o transmembránový glykoprotein o relativní molekulové hmotnosti 170 000.
- Klíčová slova
- Tarceva,
- MeSH
- biologická terapie metody využití MeSH
- chinazoliny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- erbB receptory antagonisté a inhibitory terapeutické užití MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hodnocení léčiv MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech trendy MeSH
- nádory slinivky břišní farmakoterapie MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic farmakoterapie MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakokinetika farmakologie MeSH
Purpose Seribantumab is a fully human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal antibody that binds to human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 3 (ErbB3), blocking heregulin (HRG) -mediated ErbB3 signaling and inducing ErbB3 receptor downregulation. This open-label randomized phase II study evaluated progression-free survival (PFS) with seribantumab in combination with once-per-week paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel alone in patients with platinum-resistant or -refractory ovarian cancer. A key secondary objective was to determine if any of five prespecified biomarkers predicted benefit from seribantumab. Patients and Methods Patients with platinum-resistant or -refractory epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer were randomly assigned at a ratio of two to one to receive seribantumab plus paclitaxel or paclitaxel alone. Patients underwent pretreatment core needle biopsy; archival tumor samples were also obtained to support biomarker analyses. Results A total of 223 patients were randomly assigned (seribantumab plus paclitaxel, n = 140; paclitaxel alone, n = 83). Median PFS in the unselected intent-to-treat population was 3.75 months with seribantumab plus paclitaxel compared with 3.68 months with paclitaxel alone (hazard ratio [HR], 1.027; 95% CI, 0.741 to 1.425; P = .864). Among patients whose tumors had detectable HRG mRNA and low HER2 (n = 57 [38%] of 151 with available biomarker data), increased treatment benefit was observed in those receiving seribantumab plus paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel alone (PFS HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.76; P = .007). The HR in patients not meeting these criteria was 1.80 (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.98; P = .023). Conclusion The addition of seribantumab to paclitaxel did not result in improved PFS in unselected patients. Exploratory analyses suggest that detectable HRG and low HER2, biomarkers that link directly to the mechanism of action of seribantumab, identified patients who might benefit from this combination. Future clinical trials are needed to validate this finding and should preselect for HRG expression and focus on cancers with low HER2 levels.
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- invazivní růst nádoru patologie MeSH
- Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monoklonální protilátky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery analýza MeSH
- nádory vaječníků farmakoterapie mortalita patologie MeSH
- paclitaxel aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is caused by a loss of hypocretin/orexin transmission. Risk factors include pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A infection and immunization with Pandemrix®. Here, we dissect disease mechanisms and interactions with environmental triggers in a multi-ethnic sample of 6,073 cases and 84,856 controls. We fine-mapped GWAS signals within HLA (DQ0602, DQB1*03:01 and DPB1*04:02) and discovered seven novel associations (CD207, NAB1, IKZF4-ERBB3, CTSC, DENND1B, SIRPG, PRF1). Significant signals at TRA and DQB1*06:02 loci were found in 245 vaccination-related cases, who also shared polygenic risk. T cell receptor associations in NT1 modulated TRAJ*24, TRAJ*28 and TRBV*4-2 chain-usage. Partitioned heritability and immune cell enrichment analyses found genetic signals to be driven by dendritic and helper T cells. Lastly comorbidity analysis using data from FinnGen, suggests shared effects between NT1 and other autoimmune diseases. NT1 genetic variants shape autoimmunity and response to environmental triggers, including influenza A infection and immunization with Pandemrix®.
- MeSH
- autoimunita genetika MeSH
- autoimunitní nemoci * epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- chřipka lidská * epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- narkolepsie * chemicky indukované genetika MeSH
- vakcíny proti chřipce * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- virus chřipky A, podtyp H1N1 * genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Urachal carcinoma (UrC) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm that develops from the urachus, an embryologic remnant of the urogenital sinus and allantois. The most commonly encountered histologic subtype is adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study is to characterize a series of UrC by morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis. We retrospectively investigated seven cases of UrCs and assessed patient symptoms, imaging, histologic features, immunohistochemical profile, molecular characteristics, pathologic stages, and type of treatment. Immunostaining for CK7, CK20, Muc-2, CDX2, GATA3, β-catenin, and CK34βE12 was carried out on each neoplasm and on seven non-neoplastic urachal remnants as the control group. Additionally, a mutational analysis was performed using the QIAact Actionable Insights Tumor Panel Kit, which analyzes KRAS, NRAS, KIT, BRAF, PDGFRA, ALK, EGFR, ERBB2, PIK3CA, ERBB3, ESR1, and RAF1. Our cohort comprised five females and two males with a mean age of 64 years. UrCs consisted of two mucinous cystadenocarcinomas and five invasive, non-cystic adenocarcinomas. Carcinoma antigen expression profile was positive for CK20 and negative for CK34βE12 and GATA3 in all cases. Five of seven cases stained positively for Muc-2 and CDX2. On the contrary, non-neoplastic urachal remnants were immunoreactive for CK34βE12, CK7, and GATA3. Mutational analysis gave a positive result in four out of seven (57.1%) cases. All four positive tumors showed RAS mutation and one an additional mutation in PIK3CA. Urachal tumors exhibit peculiar morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. Due to the advanced stage at presentation, individualized treatment should be undertaken.
- MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- imunohistochemie * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mucinózní cystadenokarcinom chemie diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA * MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery * analýza genetika MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře chemie diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: Super-resolution single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a method for achieving resolution beyond the classical limit in optical microscopes (approx. 200 nm laterally). Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) has been used for super-resolution single molecule localization microscopy, but less frequently than other fluorescent probes. Working with YFP in SMLM is a challenge because a lower number of photons are emitted per molecule compared with organic dyes, which are more commonly used. Publically available experimental data can facilitate development of new data analysis algorithms. Findings: Four complete, freely available single molecule super-resolution microscopy datasets on YFP-tagged growth factor receptors expressed in a human cell line are presented, including both raw and analyzed data. We report methods for sample preparation, for data acquisition, and for data analysis, as well as examples of the acquired images. We also analyzed the SMLM datasets using a different method: super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI). The 2 modes of analysis offer complementary information about the sample. A fifth single molecule super-resolution microscopy dataset acquired with the dye Alexa 532 is included for comparison purposes. Conclusions: This dataset has potential for extensive reuse. Complete raw data from SMLM experiments have typically not been published. The YFP data exhibit low signal-to-noise ratios, making data analysis a challenge. These datasets will be useful to investigators developing their own algorithms for SMLM, SOFI, and related methods. The data will also be useful for researchers investigating growth factor receptors such as ErbB3.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny chemie MeSH
- fluorescenční barviva chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- luminescentní proteiny chemie MeSH
- receptory růstových faktorů chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zobrazení jednotlivé molekuly metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH