• MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• buňky MeSH
• fyziologie buňky MeSH
• permeabilita buněčné membrány MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH

• MeSH
• ductus thoracicus MeSH
• kapilární permeabilita MeSH
• lymfatický systém patofyziologie   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• Check Tag
• psi MeSH

• MeSH
• draslík fyziologie   MeSH
• glutamáty fyziologie   MeSH
• membránové potenciály MeSH
• nervové receptory MeSH
• neurony MeSH
• neurotransmiterové látky MeSH
• retina fyziologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• iontová výměna MeSH
• membránové lipidy MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH

Cíl: Zhodnotit dlouhodobou efektivitu hluboké sklerektomie s použitím implantátu T-Flux na výši nitroočního tlaku. Metodika: Retrospektivní nekomparativní analýza pacientů naší glaukomové ambulance, u kterých byla provedena hluboká sklerektomie s implantací T-Fluxu. Pooperačně jsme hodnotili hodnotu nitroočního tlaku, nutnost další antiglaukomatózní terapie, provedení goniopunkturace. Výsledky: Průměrná předoperační hodnota NOT byla 26,7 (± 0,8) mmHg, 6 měsíců po operaci 17,4 (± 0,8), ve 12. měsíci 16,5 (± 0,7), ve 24. měsíci 16,9 (± 0,9), ve 36. měsíci 17,2 (± 1,0), ve 48. měsíci 18,6 (± 1,1), v 60. měsíci 17,6 (± 1,1) a v 72. měsíci 18,3 (± 1,8). Průměrné předoperační množství antiglaukomové terapie bylo 2,5 (± 0,13) léku, pooperačně pak v 6. měsíci 0,73 (± 0,13), ve 12. měsíci 1,02 (± 0,13), ve 24. měsíci 1,1 (± 0,15), ve 36. měsíci 1,0 (± 0,18), v 48. měsíci 1,22 (± 0,18), v 60. měsíci 1,68 (± 0,2), a v 72. měsíci 1,8 (± 0,3). U 4 pacientů (10 %) byla provedena časná, u 6 (15 %) pozdní Nd:YAG goniopunktura. Závěr: Hluboká sklerektomie s použitím implantátu T-Flux je relativně bezpečná antiglaukomatózní operace s minimálním množstvím komplikací, vysokou prediktabilitou výsledku a velmi dobrou dlouhodobou efektivitou.

Purpose: To evaluate a longterm efficiencyt of a deep sclerectomy with T-Flux implant on intraocular pressure Methods: Retrospective noncomparative analysis of glaucomatic patiens from our ambulance who underwent deep sclerectomy combined with T-flux implantation. The main postoperative outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), number of treatments and Nd:YAG goniopunctures. Results: Mean preoperative IOP was 26,7 (± 0,8) mmHg, mean postoperative IOP was 17,4 (± 0,8) at month 6, 16,5 (± 0,7) at month 12, 16,9 (± 0,9) at month 24, 17,2 (± 1,0) at month 36, 18,6 (± 1,1) at month 48, 17,6 (± 1,1) at month 60 and 18,3 (± 1,8) at month 72. Mean preoperative number of mediactions per patient was reduced from 2,5 (± 0,13) to 0,73 (± 0,13) at month 6,1,02 (± 0,13) at month 12, 1,1 (± 0,15) at month 24, 1,0 (± 0,18) at month 36, 1,22 (± 0,18) at month 48, 1,68 (± 0,2) at month 60, 1,8 (± 0,3) at month 72. Four patiens (10%) underwent early goniopuncture and six patiens (15%) late goniopuncture. Conclusion: Deep sclerectomy combined with T-Flux implant appears to be a relatively safe antiglaucomatic surgery with a minimum number of complications, high predictibility of the result and a very good long term effectivity.

• Klíčová slova
• goniopunktura,
• MeSH
• glaukom s otevřeným úhlem chirurgie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrooční tlak MeSH
• protézy a implantáty MeSH
• sklerostomie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Phosphorus removal by hemoelimination procedure is a important mechanism to maintain phosphorus level in acceptable level in patients on dialysis. Phosphorus is removed by both diffusion and convection, but in clinical practice, it is not possible to differentiate the contribution of this two transport modalities. We used Gutzwiller formula to quantify the amount of removed phosphorus and compared it in low-flux hemodialysis (LFHD), high-flux hemodialysis (HFHD), and on-line hemodiafiltration (HDF). There were no significant differences in phosphorus predialysis concentration, duration of procedure, processed blood volume and ultrafiltration, e.g., factors, which could possibly influence phosphorus elimination. All three tested dialysis modes also did not differ in urea dialysis dose (Kt/V) as a parameter of small molecular weight removal (LFHD, 1.50 ± 0.04 vs HFHD, 1.5 ± 0.06 vs HDF, 1.5 ± 0.05). The amount of removed phosphorus in LFHD, HFHD, and HDF was 34.0 ± 1.2, 37.8 ± 1.6, and 38.3 ± 1.4 mmol, respectively. Statistically significant increase in phosphorus removal was seen only with use of high-flux membrane (HFHD and HDF) when compared with the low-flux one. No difference was, however, found between HFHD and HDF. It can thus be concluded that phosphorus removal in all three dialysis modes is a predominantly diffusive issue and contribution of convection to it is minor to negligible.

• MeSH
• dialýza ledvin metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fosfor krev   MeSH
• hemodiafiltrace metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• ionty MeSH
• izotopové značení MeSH
• permeabilita buněčné membrány MeSH
• svaly MeSH

AIMS: To determine the extent of vancomycin removal and vancomycin pharmacokinetics in septic patients with AKI using daily hemodialysis with polysulphone high-flux and low-flux membrane. METHODS: Five patients received 6 h daily dialysis with low-flux polysulphone membrane, four patients with high-flux polysulphone membrane. Vancomycin was administered over the last hour of dialysis. The maintenance dose was adjusted based on pre-hemodialysis serum concentrations. Patients were followed up for two days. RESULTS: Median percentage of vancomycin removal by low-flux membrane dialysis was 17% (8-38%) and by high-flux membrane dialysis was 31% (13-43%). Vancomycin clearance was only moderately higher in high-flux membrane dialysis (median 3.01 L/h, range 2.34-3.5 L/h) compared to low-flux dialysis (median 2.48 L/h, range 0.53-5.68 L/h) in the first day of the study. About two-fold higher vancomycin clearance in high-flux dialysis (median 3.62 L/h, range 1.37-5.07 L/h) was observed on the second day of the study than low-flux dialysis (median 1.74 L/h, range 0.75-30.94 L/h). CONCLUSIONS: Both high-flux and low-flux membrane dialysis remove considerable amounts of vancomycin in critically ill septic patients with AKI. Application of vancomycin after each dialysis was required to maintain therapeutic concentrations.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakokinetika   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sepse farmakoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• vankomycin farmakokinetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

We compared methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in samples collected from the aboveground parts of wood ant nests and in the organic and mineral layer of the surrounding forest floor. Gas fluxes were measured during a laboratory incubation, and microbial properties (abundance of fungi, bacteria and methanotrophic bacteria) and nutrient contents (total and available carbon and nitrogen) were also determined. Both CO2 and CH4 were produced from ant nest samples, indicating that the aboveground parts of wood ant nests act as sources of both gases; in comparison, the forest floor produced about four times less CO2 and consumed rather than produced CH4 Fluxes of CH4 and CO2 were positively correlated with contents of available carbon and nitrogen. The methanotrophic community was represented by type II methanotrophic bacteria, but their abundance did not explain CH4 flux. Fungal abundance was greater in ant nest samples than in forest floor samples, but bacterial abundance was similar in both kinds of samples, suggesting that the organic materials in the nests may have been too recalcitrant for bacteria to decompose. The results indicate that the aboveground parts of wood ant nests are hot spots of CO2 and CH4 production in the forest floor.

• MeSH
• Bacteria MeSH
• dřevo MeSH
• Formicidae fyziologie   MeSH
• houby MeSH
• koloběh uhlíku fyziologie   MeSH
• lesy MeSH
• methan metabolismus   MeSH
• oxid uhličitý MeSH
• plyny MeSH
• uhlík MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• beta-2-mikroglobulin krev   MeSH
• dialýza metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• močovina krev   MeSH
• mortalita MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH