Kognitívna porucha (KP) po ischemickej cievnej mozgovej príhode (CMP) je častým fenoménom. U niektorých pacientov môže KP pretrvávať aj dlhý čas po prekonanej CMP, čo sa v anglickej literatúre označuje ako PCSI - post stroke cognitive impairment. Ide o osobitnú nozologickú jednotku, ktorú je potrebné začať diagnostikovať už počas hospitalizácie, no definitívnu diagnózu je možné vykonať až následne kontrolným vyšetrením kognitívnych funkcií s odstupom šesť mesiacov od CMP. Článok prináša aktuálny prehľad o diagnostike, predikcii a terapii PSCI ako osobitnej nozologickej jednotky.

Cognitive impairment (CI) after stroke is a frequent phenomenon. In some patients, CI can persist for a long time after overcoming stroke, which is referred to in the English literature as PCSI - post stroke cognitive impairment. It is a special nosological entity that needs to be diagnosed already during hospitalization, but a definitive diagnosis can only be made subsequently by a control examination of cognitive functions six months after stroke. The following article provides an up-to-date overview of the diagnosis, prediction and therapy of PSCI as a special nosological unit.

• MeSH
• Stroke * diagnosis   complications   physiopathology   MeSH
• Dementia diagnosis   etiology   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Cognitive Dysfunction * diagnosis   etiology   drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Disease Management MeSH
• Neuroimaging classification   methods   MeSH
• Mental Status and Dementia Tests MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH

BACKGROUND: Endovascular treatment (EVT) of tandem lesion (TL) in the anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (IS) usually requires periprocedural antithrombotic treatment and early initiation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after carotid stenting. However, it may contribute to an occurrence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) in some cases. We investigated factors influencing the SICH occurrence and assessed the possible predictors of SICH after EVT. METHODS: IS patients with TL in the anterior circulation treated with EVT were enrolled in the multicenter retrospective ASCENT study. A good three-month clinical outcome was scored as 0-2 points in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and recanalization using the TICI scale. SICH was assessed using the SITS-MOST criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used for the assessment of possible predictors of SICH with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: In total, 300 (68.7 % males, mean age 67.3 ± 10.2 years) patients with median of admission NIHSS 17 were analyzed. Recanalization (TICI 2b-3) was achieved in 290 (96.7 %) patients and 176 (58.7 %) had mRS 0-2. SICH occurred in 25 (8.3 %) patients. Patients with SICH did not differ from those without SICH in the rate of periprocedural antithrombotic treatment (64 vs. 57.5 %, p = 0.526) and in the rate of DAPT started within the first 12 h after EVT (20 vs. 42.2 %, p = 0.087). After adjustment, admission NIHSS and admission glycemia were found as the only predictors of SICH after EVT. CONCLUSION: Admission NIHSS and glycemia were found as the only predictors of SICH after EVT for TL. No associations between periprocedural antithrombotic treatment, early start of DAPT after EVT and SICH occurrence were found.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Cerebral Hemorrhage * diagnostic imaging   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy adverse effects   MeSH
• Endovascular Procedures * adverse effects   instrumentation   MeSH
• Fibrinolytic Agents * administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors * adverse effects   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Ischemic Stroke * etiology   therapy   diagnosis   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Disability Evaluation * MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Stents MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Japan MeSH

PURPOSE: Endovascular treatment (EVT) of tandem lesion (TL) in anterior circulation (AC) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) represents still a clinical challenge. We aimed to evaluate selected factors related to EVT and assess other possible predictors of good clinical outcome besides the generally known ones. METHODS: AIS patients with TL in AC treated with EVT were enrolled in the multicenter retrospective ASCENT study. A good three-month clinical outcome was scored as 0-2 points in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and achieved recanalization using the TICI scale. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) was assessed using the SITS-MOST criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used for the assessment of possible predictors of mRS 0-2 with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: In total, 300 (68.7% males, mean age 67.3 ± 10.2 years) patients with median of admission NIHSS 17 were analyzed. Recanalization (TICI 2b-3) was achieved in 290 (96.7%) patients and 176 (58.7%) had mRS 0-2. Besides the age, admission NIHSS and SICH, admission glycemia (p = 0.005, OR: 0.884) the stent patency within the first 30 days after EVT (p = 0.0003, OR: 0.219), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) started within 12 h after EVT (p < 0.0001, OR: 5.006) and statin therapy started within 24 h after stenting (p < 0.0001, OR: 5.558) were found as other predictors. CONCLUSION: Admission glycemia, start of DAPT within 12 h and statin therapy within 24 h after EVT, and stent patency within the first 30 days after EVT were found as other predictors of good three-month clinical outcome in AIS patients treated with EVT for TL.

• MeSH
• Stroke * diagnostic imaging   therapy   etiology   MeSH
• Endovascular Procedures * methods   MeSH
• Ischemic Stroke * diagnostic imaging   surgery   MeSH
• Brain Ischemia * diagnostic imaging   therapy   etiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors * MeSH
• Thrombectomy methods   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH

• Publication type
• Meeting Abstract MeSH

• Publication type
• Meeting Abstract MeSH

• MeSH
• Neurology * MeSH
• Publication type
• Biography MeSH

• About
• Eiben, Eugen, 1939- Authority

• Publication type
• Meeting Abstract MeSH

• Publication type
• Meeting Abstract MeSH

Steroid responzívna encefalopatia asociovaná s autoimunitnou tyreoiditídou (SREAT) označovaná ako aj Hashimotova encefalopatia (HE) predstavuje heterogénne ochorenie s neurologickými a neuropsychiatrickými príznakmi, pri laboratórnom náleze protilátok proti štítnej žľaze a absencii inej príčiny encefalopatie. V klinickom náleze sa najčastejšie stretávame s akútnym vznikom encefalopatie pod obrazom porúch pamäti a správania, prítomnosťou epileptických záchvatov ako aj cerebelárnej alebo extrapyramídovej symptomatológie. U väčšiny pacientov pozorujeme dobrý efekt kortikoidov (metylprednisolon, prednison) s rýchlou úpravou stavu, a len malá časť pacientov vyžaduje inú imunosupresívnu terapiu (plazmaferéza, intravenózne imunoglobulíny). V práci prezentujeme prípady dvoch pacientok s akútnym rozvojom encefalopatie, status epilepticus na poklade SREAT, s úpravou stavu po kortikoidnej terapii.

Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), known as Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE), represents a heterogeneous group of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with a presence of antithyroid antibodies in case of other causes of encephalopathy were excluded. Clinical symptoms most commonly includes acute onset of encephalopathy, behaviour changes and cognitive dysfunction, epileptic seizures as well as cerebellar and extrapyramidal symptoms. Corticoids provides rapid and sustained therapeutic benefit in most patients and only a few patients require other immunosuppressive therapy such as plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins, or others. We present the cases of two patients with acute onset of encephalopathy, status epilepticus based on SREAT, with rapid improvement after steroid treatment.

• Keywords
• steroid responzivní encefalopatie asociovaná s autoimunitní tyreoitidou,
• MeSH
• Thyroiditis, Autoimmune diagnosis   drug therapy   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Glucocorticoids administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Hashimoto Disease * diagnostic imaging   drug therapy   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Cerebrospinal Fluid chemistry   MeSH
• Status Epilepticus diagnosis   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. Cerebral palsy-like (CP-like) disorders may clinically resemble CP but do not fulfill CP criteria and have often a progressive course and/or neurodevelopmental regression. To assess which patients with dystonic CP and dystonic CP-like disorder should undergo Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), we compared the rate of likely causative variants in individuals regarding their clinical picture, co-morbidities, and environmental risk factors. METHOD: Individuals with early onset neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) manifesting with dystonia as a core feature were divided into CP or CP-like cohorts based on their clinical picture and disease course. Detailed clinical picture, co-morbidities, and environmental risk factors including prematurity, asphyxia, SIRS, IRDS, and cerebral bleeding were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 122 patients were included and divided into the CP group with 70 subjects (30 males; mean age 18y5m±16y6m, mean GMFCS score 3.3 ± 1.4), and the CP-like group with 52 subjects (29 males; mean age 17y7m±1y,6 m, mean GMFCS score 2,6 ± 1,5). The WES-based diagnosis was present in 19 (27.1%) CP patients and 30 CP-like patients (57.7%) with genetic conditions overlap in both groups. We found significant differences in diagnostic rate in CP individuals with vs. without risk factors (13.9% vs. 43.3%); Fisher's exact p = 0.0065. We did not observe the same tendency in CP-like (45.5% vs 58.5%); Fisher's exact p = 0.5. CONCLUSION: WES is a useful diagnostic method for patients with dystonic ND, regardless of their presentation as a CP or CP-like phenotype.

• MeSH
• Dystonic Disorders * genetics   complications   MeSH
• Dystonia * genetics   complications   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain MeSH
• Cerebral Palsy * genetics   MeSH
• Exome Sequencing MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH