Jedním z mnoha problémů elektroencefalografie (EEG) je analýza aktivity mozkové činnosti z měřených dat, která mohou být zkreslena různými poruchami-artefakty. V tomto článku jsme se zaměřili na ověření vlastností dvou metod - analýzy nezávislých komponent (Independent Component Analysis, ICA) a analýzy hlavních komponent (Principal Component Analysis, PCA), které mohou tyto artefakty eliminovat. Metody jsme aplikovali na reálná EEG data, která byla kontaminována amplitudovým a síťovým artefaktem. Cílem bylo zjistit, do jaké míry jsou tyto metody schopny znehodnocené signály rekonstruovat do diagnosticky vyuŽitelné podoby. Výsledky jsme u obou metod vzájemně porovnali, včetně ověření shody s názorem lékaře.
Extraction of the meaningful brain activity informationfrom measured signals distorted by various artifacts is a practical problem in electroencephalography (EEG). Eye movements, muscle activity and mechanical and electrical displacements in the measuring apparatus represent typical artefacts. Several methods were developed for removing these artifacts. Two of them - Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are discussed in this paper. Both ICA and PCA are useful in signal description, optimal feature extraction, and data compression. We would like to show that ICA and PCA could as well effectively separate and remove contamination from a wide variety of artifactual sources in EEG records. Results obtained using ICA with those from PCA are compared.
- MeSH
- Artifacts MeSH
- Electroencephalography MeSH
- Factor Analysis, Statistical methods MeSH
- Research Support as Topic MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Príspevok prezentuje výsledky výskumu, ktorého cieľom bolo skúmať účinnosť výcviku manažérov zameraného na rozvoj sociálnej kompetencie. Zmeny v postojových kvalitách PCA (prístupu zameraného na človeka) – akceptácii, empatii a kongruencii boli hodnotené na škále 2 expertmi a 116 účastníkmi 6-dňového zážitkového výcviku. V sebahodnotení účastníkov aj v hodnotení expertov bol vo výcviku zaznamenaný významný nárast akceptácie, empatie a kongruencie u účastníkov výcviku. Výsledky potvrdili účinnosť posilnenia sociálnej kompetencie manažérov v realizovanom dizajne zážitkového výcviku PCA postojových kvalít.
The paper presents the results of a research whose aim was to examine the effectiveness of training for managers focused on the social competence development. The changes in the PCA attitude qualities - acceptance, empathy and congruence were evaluated in a scale by 2 experts and 116 participants of a six day experiential training. The growth of acceptance, empathy and congruence was identifi ed both in the self - evaluation by participants and experts evaluation when measured on the participants of the training. The results confi rmed the reinforced social competence of managers in the accomplished structure of the experiential training of PCA attitude qualities.
- Keywords
- Vzdělávání manažérů, Přístup zaměřený na člověka (PCA), Sociální kompetence,
- MeSH
- Behavioral Research MeSH
- Diagnostic Self Evaluation MeSH
- Interpersonal Relations MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Professional Competence * standards MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Vocational Education methods standards trends MeSH
- Leadership MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Geographicals
- Slovakia MeSH
sv.
- MeSH
- Plants chemistry MeSH
- Plant Development MeSH
- Publication type
- Periodical MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biologické vědy
- NML Fields
- biologie
... INSTRUMENTS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE -- EVALUATION OF THE STRIDE 22 -- 1.1.3 THE ELITE SYSTEM FOR GAIT ANALYSIS ... ... OF MOVEMENT AND ISOKINETICS IN THE QUANTITATIVE-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS -- OF THE NORMAL AND THE PATHOLOGICAL ... ... KNEE 159 -- 2.4 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF TOTAL KNEE -- PROSTHESIS PATIENTS 181 -- 2.5 FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION ... ... LIMB SALVAGE IN THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE -- DISTAL PART OF FEMUR 243 -- 2.7 GAIT ANALYSIS ... ... ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS -- OPERATED ON FOR PCA TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT 265 -- — XII — ...
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- MeSH
- Aphasia diagnosis classification MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Phonation physiology MeSH
- Phonetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neural Networks, Computer MeSH
- Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted instrumentation MeSH
- Speech Disorders diagnosis MeSH
- Software MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
A critical comparison of the various PCA methods on the absorbance matrix data concerning the complexation equilibria between SNAZOXS and Cd(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Pb(2+) and Zn(2+) or Naphtylazoxine 6S and Cd(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) at 25 degrees C is performed. The number of complex species in a complex-forming equilibria mixture is the first important step for further qualitative and quantitative analysis in all forms of spectral data treatment. Therefore, the accuracy of the nine selected index functions for the prediction of the number of light-absorbing components that contribute to a set of spectra is critically tested using the principal component PCA algorithm INDICES in S-Plus software. Four precise methods based upon a knowledge of the experimental error of the absorbance data and five approximate methods requiring no such knowledge are discussed. Precise methods always predict the correct number of components even a presence of the minor species in mixture. Due to the large variations in the index values and even at logarithmic scale they do not reach an obvious point where the slope changes. An improved identification with the second or third derivative and derivative ratio function for some indices is preferred. Behind the number of various complexes formed the stability constants of species ML, ML(2), (and ML(3), respectively) type logbeta(11), logbeta(12), (and logbeta(13), respectively) for the system of SNAZOXS (ligand L) with six metals (the standard deviation s(logbeta(pq)) of the last valid digits are in brackets) Cd(2+) (4.50(3), 8.36(7)), Co(2+) (5.75(6), 9.79(9), 13.05(2)), Cu(2+) (6.69(6), 11.40(7)), Ni(2+) (6.44(8), 10.91(11), 15.07(10)), Pb(2+) (5.63(5), 9.97(9)) and Zn(2+) (5.11(3), 8.84(5)) and for system of Naphtylazoxine 6S with Cd(2+) (6.08(4), 11.44(7), 16.06(11)), Cu(2+) (7.80(8), 13.41(14)), Ni(2+) (6.35(12), 11.43(19), 16.68(24)) and Zn(2+) (7.01(8), 12.65(15)) at 25 degrees C are estimated with SQUAD(84) nonlinear regression of the mole-ratio spectrophotometric data. The proposed strategy of an efficient experimentation in a stability constants determination, followed by a computational strategy, is presented with goodness-of-fit tests and various regression diagnostics able to prove the reliability of the chemical model proposed
Non-adaptive signal processing methods have been successfully applied to extract fetal electrocardiograms (fECGs) from maternal abdominal electrocardiograms (aECGs); and initial tests to evaluate the efficacy of these methods have been carried out by using synthetic data. Nevertheless, performance evaluation of such methods using real data is a much more challenging task and has neither been fully undertaken nor reported in the literature. Therefore, in this investigation, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of two popular non-adaptive methods (the ICA and PCA) to explore the non-invasive (NI) extraction (separation) of fECGs, also known as NI-fECGs from aECGs. The performance of these well-known methods was enhanced by an adaptive algorithm, compensating amplitude difference and time shift between the estimated components. We used real signals compiled in 12 recordings (real01-real12). Five of the recordings were from the publicly available database (PhysioNet-Abdominal and Direct Fetal Electrocardiogram Database), which included data recorded by multiple abdominal electrodes. Seven more recordings were acquired by measurements performed at the Institute of Medical Technology and Equipment, Zabrze, Poland. Therefore, in total we used 60 min of data (i.e., around 88,000 R waves) for our experiments. This dataset covers different gestational ages, fetal positions, fetal positions, maternal body mass indices (BMI), etc. Such a unique heterogeneous dataset of sufficient length combining continuous Fetal Scalp Electrode (FSE) acquired and abdominal ECG recordings allows for robust testing of the applied ICA and PCA methods. The performance of these signal separation methods was then comprehensively evaluated by comparing the fetal Heart Rate (fHR) values determined from the extracted fECGs with those calculated from the fECG signals recorded directly by means of a reference FSE. Additionally, we tested the possibility of non-invasive ST analysis (NI-STAN) by determining the T/QRS ratio. Our results demonstrated that even though these advanced signal processing methods are suitable for the non-invasive estimation and monitoring of the fHR information from maternal aECG signals, their utility for further morphological analysis of the extracted fECG signals remains questionable and warrants further work.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND: Androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) significantly improve survival in systemic therapy for advanced/metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) patients; however possible central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is an unaddressed concern. We aimed to assess and compare the incidence of CNS-related adverse events (AEs) secondary to the treatment of PCa patients with different ARSIs. MATERIALS: In August 2023, a comprehensive seach was conducted in three databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PCa patients receiving ARSIs plus ADT. The primary endpoints included mental impairment, cognitive impairment, seizure, fatigue, and falls. RESULTS: Twenty-six RCTs, comprising 20,328 patients, were included in meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMAs). ARSIs increased the risk of mental impairment (RR: 1.72; 95% CI, 1.09-2.71), cognitive impairment (RR: 2.25; 95% CI, 1.78-2.86), seizure (RR: 2.20, 95% CI, 1.09-4.45), fatigue (RR: 1.31, 95% CI, 1.20-1.43), and falls (RR: 2.07, 95% CI, 1.60-2.67) compared to standard of care (SOC). Based on NMAs, Enzalutamide showed a significant increase in risk for all assessed CNS-related AEs, while Abiraterone demonstrated significant risk increases in cognitive impairment, fatigue, and falls. Conversely, Darolutamide did not exhibit significant increases in risk for any CNS-related AEs, except for fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of ARSIs to ADT increased all examined CNS-related AEs compared to SOC. Each ARSI is associated with a distinct profile of CNS-related AEs. Careful patient selection and monitoring for CNS sequelae is necessary to achieve the best quality of life in patients on ARSI + ADT for PCa.
- MeSH
- Androgen Receptor Antagonists * adverse effects administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Benzamides MeSH
- Phenylthiohydantoin adverse effects administration & dosage MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Central Nervous System Diseases chemically induced MeSH
- Nitriles MeSH
- Pyrazoles MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MeSH
- Network Meta-Analysis as Topic * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Systematic Review MeSH
