Run-in-phase
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The aim of this study was to compare selected ankle and knee kinematic and kinetic parameters before and a fter a prolonged exhaustive treadmill run between two groups of non-rearfoot footstrike pattern (NRFP) runners with different training volumes. Twenty-eight habitual NRFP runners were assigned to two groups based on their weekly training volume (Highly-trained (HT)/Moderately-trained (MT)). Participants underwent the VO2max test, and the exhaustive treadmill ran with biomechanical analysis at the beginning and the end. The two-way RMANOVA was used to assess differences between the groups and the phase of the run. A paired t-test was used for post-hoc analysis in case of significant interaction effect. Kinetic results showed significant group effect for ankle plantarflexion moment and hip external rotation moment (end-phase: both greater in MT group). Kinematic results showed significant group×phase interaction for ankle dorsiflexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group) at initial contact (IC), peak knee flexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group), and peak ankle eversion angle during the stance phase (end-phase: greater in HT group). Additionally, a group effect was found for knee flexion angle at IC (end-phase: greater in HT group). This study suggests that HT healthy NRFP runners may have less potential for increased biomechanical risk of AT overload during an exhaustive run.
- MeSH
- běh * fyziologie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hlezenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- kolenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- koleno * fyziologie MeSH
- kondiční příprava * metody MeSH
- kotník * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is associated with substantial health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impairments. Complete disease control and life normalization are key treatment goals. In previous studies, garadacimab prevented HAE attacks with a favorable safety profile and HRQoL improvements. Objective: HRQoL was evaluated in patients with HAE receiving garadacimab stratified by attack-free status. Methods: In the pivotal phase III study (NCT04656418), 39 patients received garadacimab 200 mg subcutaneously once monthly and 25 volume-matched placebo. In the phase III open-label extension (OLE), 90 patients in the garadacimab-naive group (received placebo in previous studies or newly enrolled) and 71 patients in the previous garadacimab exposure group (received garadacimab in previous studies) received garadacimab (NCT04739059). Patients ages ≥ 18 years completed the Angioedema Quality of Life (AE-QoL) questionnaire in both studies; scores were evaluated post hoc by attack-free status. Results: In the pivotal phase III and phase III OLE studies, 62% and 60% of patients, respectively, were attack-free. In the pivotal phase III study, the mean AE-QoL total score improved with garadacimab, from 38.8 (day 1) to 6.6 (month 6) for attack-free patients (n = 19) and to 18.4 for patients with one or more attacks (n = 14) versus a change in mean AE-QoL total score from 43.7 to 40.5 with placebo (n = 20). In the phase III OLE study, the mean AE-QoL total score for patients who were garadacimab naive decreased from 46.2 (day 1) to 8.6 (month 12) for attack-free patients (n = 34) and from 54.5 to 23.5 for patients with one or more attacks (n = 30). For the previous garadacimab exposure group, AE-QoL improvements were maintained from previous studies, regardless of attack-free status. Conclusion: Garadacimab was associated with HRQoL improvement versus run-in in all groups. After garadacimab exposure in previous studies, improvements were maintained in the phase III OLE study. Attack-free patients had the greatest HRQoL improvements, bringing them closer to complete disease control and life normalization.Clinical trials NCT04656418, NCT04739059,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hereditární angioedémy * farmakoterapie diagnóza MeSH
- humanizované monoklonální protilátky * terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Multidimensional chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), including simple sample preparation with protein precipitation, anion conversion with ammonium hydroxide, and solid-phase extraction using mixed-mode anion exchange in a 96-well plate format, has been validated for rapid simultaneous analysis of human insulin and its six analogs (lispro, glulisine, glargine, degludec, detemir, and aspart) in human plasma. This method is critical for clinical diagnostics, forensic investigations, and anti-doping efforts due to the widespread use of these substances. In the present study, improved chromatographic resolution was achieved using a first-dimension trap-and-elute configuration with an XBridge C18 (2.1 × 20 mm, 3.5 μm) trap column combined with second dimension separation on a Cortecs Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) C18+ (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.6 μm) analytical column implemented within a two-dimensional-LC-MS/MS system. The total chromatographic run time was 11 min. This setup increases both the resolution and sensitivity of the method. A mobile phase consisting of 0.8% formic acid (FA) in water and 0.7% FA in acetonitrile was used for gradient elution. Bovine insulin was used as the internal standard. MS detection was performed in positive electrospray ionization mode, and the ion suppression due to matrix effects was evaluated. Validation criteria included linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, lower limit of quantitation, matrix effect, and stability tests with and without protease inhibitor cocktail under different conditions (short-term stability, long-term stability, and freeze-thaw stability). The concentration range for all insulins was 50-15 000 pg/mL, with limits of quantification below the therapeutic reference range for all analytes. Intra-run precision ranged from 1.1% to 5.7%, inter-run precision from 0.7% to 5.9%, and overall recovery from 96.9% to 114.3%. The validated method has been implemented successfully by the Department of Forensic Medicine at our hospital for the investigation of unexplained deaths.
Wound healing represents a complex and evolutionarily conserved process across vertebrates, encompassing a series of life-rescuing events. The healing process runs in three main phases: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation/remodelling. While acute inflammation is indispensable for cleansing the wound, removing infection, and eliminating dead tissue characterised by the prevalence of neutrophils, the proliferation phase is characterised by transition into the inflammatory cell profile, shifting towards the prevalence of macrophages. The proliferation phase involves development of granulation tissue, comprising fibroblasts, activated myofibroblasts, and inflammatory and endothelial cells. Communication among these cellular components occurs through intercellular contacts, extracellular matrix secretion, as well as paracrine production of bioactive factors and proteolytic enzymes. The proliferation phase of healing is intricately regulated by inflammation, particularly interleukin-6. Prolonged inflammation results in dysregulations during the granulation tissue formation and may lead to the development of chronic wounds or hypertrophic/keloid scars. Notably, pathological processes such as autoimmune chronic inflammation, organ fibrosis, the tumour microenvironment, and impaired repair following viral infections notably share morphological and functional similarities with granulation tissue. Consequently, wound healing emerges as a prototype for understanding these diverse pathological processes. The prospect of gaining a comprehensive understanding of wound healing holds the potential to furnish fundamental insights into modulation of the intricate dialogue between cancer cells and non-cancer cells within the cancer ecosystem. This knowledge may pave the way for innovative approaches to cancer diagnostics, disease monitoring, and anticancer therapy.
- MeSH
- autoimunita * MeSH
- hojení ran * imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-6 * metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí * imunologie MeSH
- nádory * imunologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- stárnutí * imunologie MeSH
- zánět * imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Molecular dynamics simulations serve as a prevalent approach for investigating the dynamic behaviour of proteins and protein-ligand complexes. Due to its versatility and speed, GROMACS stands out as a commonly utilized software platform for executing molecular dynamics simulations. However, its effective utilization requires substantial expertise in configuring, executing, and interpreting molecular dynamics trajectories. Existing automation tools are constrained in their capability to conduct simulations for large sets of compounds with minimal user intervention, or in their ability to distribute simulations across multiple servers. To address these challenges, we developed a Python-based tool that streamlines all phases of molecular dynamics simulations, encompassing preparation, execution, and analysis. This tool minimizes the required knowledge for users engaging in molecular dynamics simulations and can efficiently operate across multiple servers within a network or a cluster. Notably, the tool not only automates trajectory simulation but also facilitates the computation of free binding energies for protein-ligand complexes and generates interaction fingerprints across the trajectory. Our study demonstrated the applicability of this tool on several benchmark datasets. Additionally, we provided recommendations for end-users to effectively utilize the tool.Scientific contributionThe developed tool, StreaMD, is applicable to different systems (proteins, ligands and their complexes including co-factors) and requires a little user knowledge to setup and run molecular dynamics simulations. Other features of StreaMD are seamless integration with calculation of MM-GBSA/PBSA binding free energies and protein-ligand interaction fingerprints, and running of simulations within distributed environments. All these will facilitate routine and massive molecular dynamics simulations.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Understanding the intricacies of human movement coordination and variability during running is crucial to unraveling the dynamics of locomotion, identifying potential injury mechanisms and understanding skill development. Identification of minimum number of cycles for calculation of reliable coordination and its variability could help with better test organization and efficient assessment time. By adopting a cross-sectional study design, this study investigated the minimum required cycles for calculating hip-knee, hip-ankle and knee-ankle coordination and their variability using a continuous relative phase (CRP) method. Twenty-nine healthy adults ran on a treadmill at speeds of 9, 12.5, and 16 km.h-1 while 3D kinematic data of their lower limbs were recorded using 6 optoelectronic cameras. Using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis, reliability between CRP and its variability (CRPv) in different gait cycles (3, 5, 10, 20, 30) was assessed for each speed. A minimum of 10 cycles was required for CRP calculation across all speeds, whereas CRPv necessitated a minimum of 30 cycles for moderate to good reliability. While increasing the number of cycles improved ICC values for inter-joint CRP, the same trend was not consistently observed for CRPv, emphasizing the importance of separately assessing CRP and its variability metrics.
- MeSH
- běh * fyziologie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hlezenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- kolenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- kyčelní kloub fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The purpose of the research is to determine the kinematic parameters that are key to achieving the best high jump results with the scissors technique in children, as well as the mutual correlations in the approach and take-off phases. As many as 123 subjects between the ages of 7 and 12 (AS±SD = 9.20±1.33) participated in the research. The respondents were members of the Kvarner athletics club. The high jump using the scissors technique was recorded with a Sony RX10 II video camera. The kinematic analysis was carried out using the software Kinovea 0.9.5. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association of nine predictor variables with the bar height criterion, while to determine significant correlations between kinematic parameters, an analysis of Pearson's correlation coefficients was performed. The most significant findings of the research show that the predictors explain a significant part of the variance (60.4 %) of height of the bar (F (9. 112) = 18.98; p < 0.001). Significant predictors of height of the bar are: the duration of the penultimate stride in the run-up (b = - 0.43; p < 0.01), length of the last stride in the run-up (b = 0.30; p < 0.01), length of the penultimate stride in the run-up (b = 0.41; p < 0.01) and ankle angle (b = 0.21; p < 0.01). Certain kinematic parameters are relevant for success in the high jump.
BACKGROUND: Hyperkalemia (HK) is associated with suboptimal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) use in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess characteristics and RAS inhibitor/MRA use in patients receiving patiromer during the DIAMOND (Patiromer for the Management of Hyperkalemia in Subjects Receiving RAASi Medications for the Treatment of Heart Failure) run-in phase. METHODS: Patients with HFrEF and HK or past HK entered a run-in phase of ≤12 weeks with patiromer-facilitated RAS inhibitor/MRA optimization to achieve ≥50% recommended RAS inhibitor dose, 50 mg/d MRA, and normokalemia. Patients achieving these criteria (randomized group) were compared with the run-in failure group (patients not meeting the randomization criteria). RESULTS: Of 1,038 patients completing the run-in, 878 (84.6%) were randomized and 160 (15.4%) were run-in failures. Overall, 422 (40.7%) had HK entering run-in with a similar frequency in the randomized and run-in failure groups (40.3% vs 42.5%; P = 0.605). From start to the end of run-in, in the randomized group, an increase was observed in target RAS inhibitor and MRA use in patients with HK (RAS inhibitor: 76.8% to 98.6%; MRA: 35.9% to 98.6%) and past HK (RAS inhibitor: 60.5% to 98.1%; MRA: 15.6% to 98.7%). Despite not meeting the randomization criteria, an increase after run-in was observed in the run-in failure group in target RAS inhibitor (52.5% to 70.6%) and MRA use (15.0% to 48.1%). This increase was observed in patients with HK (RAS inhibitor: 51.5% to 64.7%; MRA: 19.1% to 39.7%) and past HK (RAS inhibitor: 53.3% to 75.0%; MRA: 12.0% to 54.3%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with HFrEF and HK or past HK receiving suboptimal RAS inhibitor/MRA therapy, RAS inhibitor/MRA optimization increased during patiromer-facilitated run-in.
- MeSH
- antagonisté mineralokortikoidních receptorů * terapeutické užití MeSH
- antagonisté receptorů pro angiotenzin terapeutické užití MeSH
- hyperkalemie * farmakoterapie krev MeSH
- inhibitory ACE terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polymery * terapeutické užití MeSH
- renin-angiotensin systém účinky léků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční selhání * farmakoterapie MeSH
- tepový objem účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Becoming an elite canoe slalom athlete requires thousands of hours of training, spread over many years. It is difficult to assess the correct balance between flatwater and whitewater training because differences in the paddle forces on these terrains are not known. The aim of this study was to describe paddle forces during canoe slalom training on flatwater and whitewater courses for the C1 canoe category. METHODS: Paddle forces for twenty C1 canoe slalom athletes were quantified during all-out figure-of-eight tests on a flatwater course and during race simulations on a whitewater course. Paddle forces were measured using strain gauges embedded in the paddle shaft and quantified by their force, impulse, and stroke durations. RESULTS: The mean force during the pull phase of the paddle strokes was not significantly different between the flatwater and whitewater courses; however, the longer pull phase durations led to a greater pull phase impulse when paddling on the whitewater course. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that training for all-out runs on a whitewater course is more demanding for canoe slalom athletes than performing all-out trials on a flatwater figure-of-eight course. This evidence may help to develop effective training plans that are essential to reach the highest levels of the sport.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: This study explores the experience of body-image changes throughout the trajectory of breast cancer. METHODS: We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with 53 women (n = 53) representing diverse age groups, with a mean age of 48.61 years (SD = 13.12), from various regions across the Czech Republic. The interviews were audio/video recorded and divided into two phases. The initial phase consisted of a narrative part, followed by a semi-structured interview. Thematic analysis was employed to identify and explore the topics that held significant importance to the participants. RESULTS: This research investigated how body image and emotional responses evolve in women with breast cancer during various stages of the illness. Throughout the breast cancer journey, women undergo diverse body image changes, with some of them being described as particularly traumatic, such as hair loss and preventive operations. The effects of breast cancer extend beyond physical scars, influencing femininity and womanhood in the long run. The experience of womanhood is marked by visible and non-visible effects that persist for years after treatment. CONCLUSION: Study has provided valuable insights into the emotional journey that women experience during breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. The illness trajectory framework has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding the complexities of body image concerns and the emotional implications faced by breast cancer patients. By acknowledging the significance of body image issues and providing targeted interventions, healthcare providers can improve the psychosocial well-being and overall quality of life for breast cancer survivors. Further research in this area is needed to develop and refine supportive interventions that address the unique challenges women face during their breast cancer journey. Ultimately, by fostering a sensitive and comprehensive approach to care, we can empower women to navigate their breast cancer journey with greater resilience and confidence.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prsu * psychologie MeSH
- představa o vlastním těle * psychologie MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
