The present experiments were performed to study the effects and time trends of different anesthetic agents on the left ventricular (LV) systolic function and heart rate by high-resolution echocardiography in mice. Ten male C57BL/6J mice were submitted to echocardiography imaging separated by 72-hour intervals under the following conditions: 1) conscious mice, 2) mice anesthetized with isoflurane (ISO, inhaled), 3) mice anesthetized with tribromoethanol (TBE, intraperitoneal), 4) mice anesthetized with chloral hydrate (CH, intraperitoneal), and 5) mice anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (PS, intraperitoneal). The effect of ISO, TBE, CH, and PS on LV systolic function was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min after anesthesia. The results showed that LV systolic function and heart rate (HR) of anesthetized mice were reduced significantly (P<0.05), compared with results in the same mice studied in the conscious state. In addition, the results indicated that the anesthetic with the least effect on LV function was CH, and followed by TBE, PS, ISO. We conclude that different anesthetic agents always depressed the HR and LV systolic function of mice, and, furthermore, the effects and time trends of different anesthetics on LV function are different. In echocardiographic experiments, we should choose proper anesthetic agents according to the experimental requirements.

• MeSH
• Anesthetics toxicity   MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left chemically induced   diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   MeSH
• Echocardiography drug effects   methods   MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Random Allocation MeSH
• Heart Rate drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Systole drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Stroke Volume drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Male MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left MeSH
• Atrial Fibrillation MeSH
• Cardiac Pacing, Artificial MeSH
• Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy MeSH
• Heart Failure MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• kardiologie
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR

Our aim was to evaluate whether endothelial overexpressing of the bradykinin B1 receptor could be associated with altered left ventricular and myocardial performance. Echocardiography and hemodynamic were employed to assess left ventricular morphology and function in Sprague Dawley transgenic rats overexpressing the endothelial bradykinin B1 receptor (Tie2B1 rats). The myocardial inotropism was evaluated on papillary muscles contracting in vitro. In Tie2B1 animals, an enlarged left ventricular cavity and lower fractional shortening coupled with a lower rate of pressure change values indicated depressed left ventricular performance. Papillary muscle mechanics revealed that both Tie2B1 and wild-type rat groups had the same contractile capacities under basal conditions; however, in transgenic animals, there was accentuated inotropism due to post-pause potentiation. Following treatment with the Arg(9)-BK agonist, Tie2B1 papillary muscles displayed a reduction in myocardial inotropism. Endothelial B1 receptor overexpression has expanded the LV cavity and worsened its function. There was an exacerbated response of papillary muscle in vitro to a prolonged resting pause, and the use of a B1 receptor agonist impairs myocardial inotropism.

• MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left genetics   metabolism   physiopathology   MeSH
• Endothelial Cells metabolism   MeSH
• Phenotype MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left * MeSH
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease MeSH
• Myocardial Contraction * MeSH
• Papillary Muscles metabolism   physiopathology   MeSH
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley MeSH
• Rats, Transgenic MeSH
• Receptor, Bradykinin B1 genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Ventricular Remodeling MeSH
• Up-Regulation MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Male MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has obvious advantages in acquiring high-resolution images. 7 T MRI has been clinically approved and 21.1 T MRI has also been tested on rodents. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of ultra-high field on mice behavior and neuron activity. STUDY TYPE: Prospective, animal model. ANIMAL MODEL: Ninety-eight healthy C57BL/6 mice and 18 depression model mice. FIELD STRENGTH: 11.1-33.0 T SMF (static magnetic field) for 1 hour and 7 T for 8 hours. Gradients were not on and no imaging sequence was used. ASSESSMENT: Open field test, elevated plus maze, three-chambered social test, Morris water maze, tail suspension test, sucrose preference test, blood routine, biochemistry examinations, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescent assay. STATISTICAL TESTS: The normality of the data was assessed by Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test for statistical significance. The statistical cut-off line is P < 0.05. RESULTS: Compared to the sham group, healthy C57/6 mice spent more time in the center area (35.12 ± 4.034, increased by 47.19%) in open field test and improved novel index (0.6201 ± 0.02522, increased by 16.76%) in three-chambered social test a few weeks after 1 hour 11.1-33.0 T SMF exposure. 7 T SMF exposure for 8 hours alleviated the depression state of depression mice, including less immobile time in tail suspension test (58.32% reduction) and higher sucrose preference (increased by 8.80%). Brain tissue analysis shows that 11.1-33.0 T and 7 T SMFs can increase oxytocin by 164.65% and 36.03%, respectively. Moreover, the c-Fos level in hippocampus region was increased by 14.79%. DATA CONCLUSION: 11.1-33.0 T SMFs exposure for 1 hour or 7 T SMF exposure for 8 hours did not have detrimental effects on healthy or depressed mice. Instead, these ultra-high field SMFs have anti-depressive potentials. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Magnetic Fields * MeSH
• Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Sucrose MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Úvod: Katetrizační ablace kavotrikuspidálního isthmu (KTI) se stala metodou první volby léčby osob s typickým flutterem síní. Metodika: Retrospektivní analýza pacientů (n = 61) po radiofrekvenční (RF) ablaci KTI pro permanentní flutter síní a s dysfunkcí levé komory (ejekční frakce levé komory (EF LK) ? 50 %). Pozorovali jsme efekt RF ablace na srdeční rytmus a vývoj EF LK po minimálně 3 měsících od výkonu, v závislosti na tíži systolické dysfunkce LK a přítomnosti strukturálního onemocnění srdce. Výsledky: U 51 (83,6 %) pacientů se udržoval sinusový rytmus (SR) – 30 mělo trvale sinusový rytmus (49,2 %) a 21 SR s paroxyzmální fibrilací síní (FS) (34,4 %). U 5 nemocných (8,2 %) se výkon opakoval pro recidivu flutteru síní. Průměrná EF LK vzrostla z původních 37,8 ± 9,9 % na 43,5 ± 11,4 % (vzestup o 15 % v rámci celkového souboru, p = 0,001), přičemž u skupiny s udržujícím se SR byl vzestup EF LK ještě výraznější (18,8 %, p < 0,001). U nemocných s neischemickou kardiomyopatií byl vzestup EF LK v průměru 19,7 % (p = 0,01), oproti 12,2 % (p = 0,066) u pacientů s ischemickou chorobou srdeční (pacienti po PCI či CABG). Závěr: Katetrizační ablace je efektivní nefarmakologickou léčbou typického flutteru síní, nicméně u relativně velkého procenta pacientů přetrvává po RF ablaci fibrilace síní (převážně její paroxyzmální forma). V našem souboru došlo k signifikantnímu vzestupu EF LK s odstupem po provedeném výkonu. Vyšší průměrný vzestup EF LK jsme pozorovali u pacientů s těžkou dysfunkcí LK, naproti tomu ve skupině osob s EF LK > 35 % bylo vyšší procento osob s přetrvávajícím sinusovým rytmem. Větší efekt na systolickou funkci levé komory byl pozorován u nemocných s neischemickou kardiomyopatií oproti pacientům s ischemickou chorobou srdeční.

Introduction: Catheter ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) has become the first line therapy in patients (pts) with typical atrial flutter. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients (n = 61) with permanent typical atrial flutter and systolic dysfunction of left ventricle (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ? 50 %). All patients underwent catheter ablation of CTI and the effect of ablation on cardiac rhythm and LVEF after a minimum of 3 months follow-up was analysed with respect to the degree of LV systolic dysfunction and presence of structural heart disease. Results: Sinus rhythm (SR) was observed in 51 pts (83.6 %), with 30 only having SR (49.2 %) and 21 having SR with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (34.4 %). In 5 pts (8.2 %) we repeated the ablation for recurrence of typical atrial flutter. The mean LVEF after the procedure increased from 37.8 ± 9.9 % to 43.5 ± 11.4 % (by 15 % in the whole group, p = 0.001), in subgroup with SR, the increase of LVEF was 18.8 % (p < 0.001). In patients with nonischaemic cardiomyopathy the increase was 19.7 % (p = 0.01) compared to 12.2 % (p = 0.066) in those with ischaemic heart disease (patients who underwent PCI or CABG). Conclusions: Catheter ablation of CTI is an effective nonpharmacological therapy of typical atrial flutter, but a relatively large proportion of patients develop atrial fibrillation (especially its paroxysmal form) during follow-up. The LVEF significantly improved after ablation. A higher increase was observed in patients with severe LV systolic dysfunction. By contrast, a larger proportion of patients remained in sinus rhythm in the subgroup with LVEF > 35 %. A more pronounced effect on systolic function of LV was observed in subjects with nonischaemic cardiomyopathy, compared to patients with ischaemic heart disease.

• MeSH
• Anti-Arrhythmia Agents therapeutic use   MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left diagnosis   complications   therapy   MeSH
• Drug Therapy methods   utilization   MeSH
• Atrial Fibrillation complications   therapy   MeSH
• Atrial Flutter diagnosis   complications   therapy   MeSH
• Cardiomyopathies classification   complications   therapy   MeSH
• Catheter Ablation methods   utilization   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Heart Conduction System drug effects   MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is pivotal in managing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and walking integrated into daily life is an especially suitable form of physical activity. This study aimed to determine whether a 6-month lifestyle walking intervention combining self-monitoring and regular telephone counseling improves functional capacity assessed by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction compared with usual care. METHODS: The WATCHFUL trial (Pedometer-Based Walking Intervention in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction) was a 6-month multicenter, parallel-group randomized controlled trial recruiting patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction from 6 cardiovascular centers in the Czech Republic. Eligible participants were ≥18 years of age, had left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, and had New York Heart Association class II or III symptoms on guidelines-recommended medication. Individuals exceeding 450 meters on the baseline 6MWT were excluded. Patients in the intervention group were equipped with a Garmin vívofit activity tracker and received monthly telephone counseling from research nurses who encouraged them to use behavior change techniques such as self-monitoring, goal-setting, and action planning to increase their daily step count. The patients in the control group continued usual care. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in the distance walked during the 6MWT at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included daily step count and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity as measured by the hip-worn Actigraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein biomarkers, ejection fraction, anthropometric measures, depression score, self-efficacy, quality of life, and survival risk score. The primary analysis was conducted by intention to treat. RESULTS: Of 218 screened patients, 202 were randomized (mean age, 65 years; 22.8% female; 90.6% New York Heart Association class II; median left ventricular ejection fraction, 32.5%; median 6MWT, 385 meters; average 5071 steps/day; average 10.9 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day). At 6 months, no between-group differences were detected in the 6MWT (mean 7.4 meters [95% CI, -8.0 to 22.7]; P=0.345, n=186). The intervention group increased their average daily step count by 1420 (95% CI, 749 to 2091) and daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity by 8.2 (95% CI, 3.0 to 13.3) over the control group. No between-group differences were detected for any other secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the lifestyle intervention in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction improved daily steps by about 25%, it failed to demonstrate a corresponding improvement in functional capacity. Further research is needed to understand the lack of association between increased physical activity and functional outcomes. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03041610.

• MeSH
• Walking MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left * MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left MeSH
• Quality of Life MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Heart Failure * therapy   drug therapy   MeSH
• Stroke Volume MeSH
• Life Style MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH

Patients with ischemic heart disease and depressed left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) develop varying degrees of LV remodeling after cardiac surgical revascularization. Fifty-three patients with stable ischemic heart disease and impaired LV function (LVEF 34.9 ± 4%) were prospectively followed up for 24 months. Thirty-seven patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 16 patients were treated conservatively. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and SPECT were performed at baseline and after 12 and 24 months of follow-up. The patients were divided into responders and non-responders depending on the degree of LVEF improvement at 24 months follow-up (>5%-responders). MRI with ≤5 segments with DE/wall thickness ratio (DEWTR) ≥50% predicted LV reverse remodeling with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 75% (AUC 0.81). An MRI finding of ≤2 segments with the DEWTR ≥75% had a corresponding sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 67% (AUC 0.75) while fixed perfusion defect on SPECT <16.5% of LV predicted reverse remodeling with a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 69% (AUC 0.64). A preoperative number of segments with the DE/wall thickness ratio of ≥50 and ≥75% obtained by MRI, was found to be a better predictor of left ventricular reverse remodeling than fixed perfusion defect by SPECT. No other MRI or SPECT parameter predicted LVEF improvement at 24 months after CABG.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left MeSH
• Myocardial Ischemia complications   diagnosis   physiopathology   therapy   MeSH
• Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon MeSH
• Cardiomyopathies diagnosis   etiology   physiopathology   therapy   MeSH
• Cardiovascular Agents therapeutic use   MeSH
• Coronary Angiography MeSH
• Coronary Artery Bypass MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Recovery of Function MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Ventricular Remodeling MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Stroke Volume MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Importance: Heart failure with recovered ejection fraction (HFrecEF) is a recently recognized phenotype of patients with a history of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) that has subsequently normalized. It is unknown whether such LVEF improvement is associated with improvements in health status. Objective: To examine changes in health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) whose LVEF normalized, compared with those whose LVEF remains reduced and those with HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from November 2016 to December 2018. Consecutive patients seen in a heart failure clinic who completed patient-reported outcome assessments were included. Clinical data were abstracted from the electronic health record. Data analysis was completed from February to December 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: Changes in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score, Visual Analog Scale score, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domain scores on physical function, fatigue, depression, and satisfaction with social roles over 1-year follow-up. Results: The study group included 319 patients (mean [SD] age, 60.4 [15.5] years; 120 women [37.6%]). At baseline, 212 patients (66.5%) had HFrEF and 107 (33.5%) had HFpEF. At a median follow-up of 366 (interquartile range, 310-421) days, LVEF had increased to 50% or more in 35 patients with HFrEF (16.5%). Recovery of systolic function was associated with heart failure-associated quality-of-life improvement, such that for each 10% increase in LVEF, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score improved by an mean (SD) of 4.8 (1.6) points (P = .003). Recovery of LVEF was also associated with improvement of physical function, satisfaction with social roles, and a reduction in fatigue. Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with HFrEF in this study, normalization of left ventricular systolic function was associated with a significant improvement in health-related quality of life.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left physiopathology   MeSH
• Patient Reported Outcome Measures MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Quality of Life * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Recovery of Function physiology   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Heart Failure physiopathology   MeSH
• Stroke Volume * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

BACKGROUND: Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) decreases the left ventricular (LV) outflow gradient and relieves symptoms in patients with highly symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early course of hemodynamic, morphologic and clinical changes in younger and elderly patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-four consecutive patients (age, 24-81 years) underwent the ASA procedure for HOCM. Clinical and echocardiographic data were obtained at baseline and periodically up to 12 months after ASA. There was a significant correlation between septum thickness and age at baseline and in the early post procedural period (p = 0.004 at baseline, p = 0.0033 days postoperative, p = 0.0193 weeks pos operative). The dependence of septal thickness on the duration of follow-up (p < 0.001) was significantly influenced by age (p = 0.026), which retained statistical significance after multivariate adjustment (p = 0.031). A decrease in the gradient of the LV outflow was identified in all age-related groups of patients (p < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, there was a significant influence of age (p = 0.003) and creatine kinase-MB peak (p = 0.016) on the course of outflow gradient reduction. CONCLUSIONS: ASA is an effective treatment option for patients with HOCM, irrespective of their age. Younger patients are characterized by a thicker basal septum at baseline and a slower hemodynamic improvement within the early post procedural period.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Ethanol administration & dosage   MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left drug effects   MeSH
• Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic physiopathology   pathology   therapy   MeSH
• Catheter Ablation MeSH
• Central Nervous System Depressants administration & dosage   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Heart Septum physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH

Přehled znalostí o komorové extrasystolii obsahuje v základní části definici, klasifikaci a výskyt komorové extrasystolie. Pro léčbu komorové extrasystolie je nezbytné stanovení její závažnosti, která roste s přítomností strukturálního onemocnění srdce, s omezením funkce levé komory a s početností a komplexností komorové extrasystolie. Ke stanovení závažnosti a četnosti extrasystolie je nezbytné provedení echokardiografického vyšetření, Holterovy monitorace ekg a na základě výsledků těchto vyšetření lze stanovit léčebný postup. Při rozhodování o léčebné strategii je nutno počítat s proarytmogenním efektem antiarytmik. Jsou uvedeny zásady a postupy při antiarytmické léčbě v přítomnosti strukturálního srdečního onemocnění a bez přítomného strukturálního srdečního onemocnění včetně indikace k radio­frekvenční ablaci komorového ektopického ložiska.

Review of knowledge about ventricular premature beats contents definition, classification and incidence of ventricular premature beats. It is necessary to postulate the seriousness of ventricular premature beats for its treatment. The seriousness is higher when structural heart disease is present, with lowering of left ventricular function and with higher number or complexity of premature ventricular beats. It is necessary to perform echocardiography and holter ambulatory ecg monitoring to postulate the seriousness of ventricular premature beats and according to the results the correct treatment method to postulate. Proarrhythmogenic effect of antiarrhythmic agents must be calculate. The principles and methods of antiarrhythmic treatment with the indications of radiofrequency ablation in patients with structural heart disease and without structural heart disease are mentioned.

• MeSH
• Amiodarone administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Anti-Arrhythmia Agents administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Echocardiography methods   utilization   MeSH
• Electrocardiography, Ambulatory methods   utilization   MeSH
• Cardiac Complexes, Premature diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Catheter Ablation methods   utilization   MeSH
• Heart Diseases diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Arrhythmias, Cardiac diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH