INTRODUCTION: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common running-related injuries. PURPOSE: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of PF and identify potential risk or protective factors for PF in runners and non-runners. METHODS: Data from 1206 participants from the 4HAIE cohort study (563 females/643 males; 715 runners/491 non-runners; 18-65 yr of age) were included in the analysis. We collected biomechanical data during overground running using a three-dimensional motion capture system at the baseline and running distance data via retrospective questionnaires and followed the participants for 12 months following the baseline data collection. Participants were asked weekly about any sports-related injury (including PF). A binary logistic regression was performed to reveal potential associations between running distance and biomechanical risk factors and PF while controlling for running distance, sex, and age. RESULTS: The total incidence of PF was 2.3% (28 PF from 1206 participants), 2.5% in runners and 2.0% in non-runners ( P = 0.248). Runners who ran more than 40 km·wk -1 had six times higher odds of suffering PF than individuals who ran 6-20 km·wk -1 ( P = 0.009). There was a significant association between maximal ankle adduction and PF; that is, runners with a lower abduction angle during the stance period had higher risk of PF ( P = 0.024). No other biomechanical variables indicated significant associations with PF. CONCLUSIONS: Regular running with a moderate weekly volume and more toeing out of the foot relative to the shank may reduce the risk against PF in runners, which may be useful for researchers, runners, coaches, and health professionals to minimize PF injury risk.
- MeSH
- Running * physiology injuries MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Fasciitis, Plantar * epidemiology physiopathology MeSH
- Incidence MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The aim of this study was to compare selected ankle and knee kinematic and kinetic parameters before and a fter a prolonged exhaustive treadmill run between two groups of non-rearfoot footstrike pattern (NRFP) runners with different training volumes. Twenty-eight habitual NRFP runners were assigned to two groups based on their weekly training volume (Highly-trained (HT)/Moderately-trained (MT)). Participants underwent the VO2max test, and the exhaustive treadmill ran with biomechanical analysis at the beginning and the end. The two-way RMANOVA was used to assess differences between the groups and the phase of the run. A paired t-test was used for post-hoc analysis in case of significant interaction effect. Kinetic results showed significant group effect for ankle plantarflexion moment and hip external rotation moment (end-phase: both greater in MT group). Kinematic results showed significant group×phase interaction for ankle dorsiflexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group) at initial contact (IC), peak knee flexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group), and peak ankle eversion angle during the stance phase (end-phase: greater in HT group). Additionally, a group effect was found for knee flexion angle at IC (end-phase: greater in HT group). This study suggests that HT healthy NRFP runners may have less potential for increased biomechanical risk of AT overload during an exhaustive run.
- MeSH
- Running * physiology MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Ankle Joint * physiology MeSH
- Kinetics MeSH
- Knee Joint * physiology MeSH
- Knee * physiology MeSH
- Physical Conditioning, Human * methods MeSH
- Ankle * physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Oxygen Consumption MeSH
- Exercise Test MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) exhibits significant variation in auricular surface morphology. This variation influences the mechanics of the SIJ, a central node for transmitting mechanical energy from upper body to lower limbs and vice versa. The impact of the auricular surface morphology on stress and deformation in the SIJ remains poorly understood to date. Computed tomography scans obtained from 281 individuals were included to extract the geometry of the pelvic ring. Then, the auricular surface area, SIJ cartilage thickness, and total SIJ cartilage volume were identified. Based on these reconstructions, 281 finite element models were created to simulate SIJ mechanical loading. It was found that SIJ cartilage thickness only weakly depended on age or laterality, while being strongly sex sensitive. Auricular surface area and SIJ cartilage volume depended weakly and non-linearly on age, peaking around menopause in females, but without significant laterality effect. Larger SIJs, characterized by greater auricular area and cartilage volume, exhibited reduced stress and deformation under loading. These findings highlight the significant role of SIJ morphology in its biomechanical response, suggesting a potential link between morphological variations and the risk of SIJ dysfunction. Understanding this relationship could improve diagnosis and targeted treatment strategies for SIJ-related conditions.
- MeSH
- Finite Element Analysis MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena physiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Stress, Mechanical MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed * MeSH
- Sacroiliac Joint * anatomy & histology physiology diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
This study was aimed to analyse the lower limb kinematics during the change of direction (COD) performance with the dominant (DL) and non-dominant (NDL) leg using linear (traditional kinematics) and nonlinear (Self Organising Map-based cluster analysis) approaches. Three 5-0-5 COD performances with the DL and three with the NDL were performed by 23 (aged 21.6 ± 2.3 years) collegiate athletes. No significant difference was observed between the COD duration, and approach speed of DL and NDL. Significantly greater ankle abductions, knee and hip external rotations were identified in COD with DL, compared to NDL (p < .001, d > 0.8). Self Organising Maps portrayed a completely different coordination pattern profile during change of direction performance with the DL and NDL. The cluster analysis illustrated similar inter-individual coordination patterning when participants turned with their DL or NDL. No visible relationship was observed in the cluster analysis of the lower limb joint angles and angular velocities. Outcomes of this study portrayed that coordination patterning (combination of joint angles and the rate of change of angles) could portray the movement patterning differences in different tasks, while a sole investigation on the joint angles or angular velocities may not reveal the underlying mechanisms of movement patterning.
- MeSH
- Leg * physiology MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Lower Extremity * physiology MeSH
- Functional Laterality * physiology MeSH
- Ankle physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Motor Skills * physiology MeSH
- Nonlinear Dynamics MeSH
- Movement physiology MeSH
- Cluster Analysis MeSH
- Athletic Performance * physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
This study presents an automated, objective method for eyelid movement assessment in de-novo Parkinson's disease(PD) using a one-dimensional camera setup during monologue. These measurements were related to Dopamine Transporter Single Photon Emission Tomography and clinical scores. State-of-the-art computer-vision technologies and deep-learning neural networks were utilized to measure fourteen eyelid movement markers describing blinking and eyelid kinematics. Video-recordings were collected from a total of 120 de-novo patients with PD and 55 healthy controls. Abnormal blinking was present in 38% of PD, indicated by a reduced blink rate (p < 0.001), an increased inter-blink interval (p < 0.001), and an increased rigidity of the palpebral aperture (p < 0.001). The classification experiment reached an area under the curve of 0.81 on a blinded test set. The blink rate correlated with the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons (r = 0.35, p < 0.001). These findings suggest eyelid movement markers as strong reflections of striatal dopaminergic activity levels, underscoring the method's potential as a reliable early PD biomarker.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Přímé podání dosahuje nejvyšších rychlostí. Pro jeho úspěšné provedení je základem si správně nadhodit míč a zasáhnout ho. Cílem je zjistit, jaký vztah má nadhoz na úspěšnost prvního (přímého) podání u hráček tenisu. Sledovali jsme 8 závodních hráček tenisu dospělé kategorie. Každá z nich provedla 40 přímých podání. Ty byly natáčeny na rychloběžnou kameru (200Hz) z bočního pohledu. Kartézský souřadný systém obsahoval osu X (ve směru základní čára – síť) a osu Y (výšku od země). Na základě 2D kinematické analýzy jsme hodnotili bod vrcholu nadhozu a zásahu míče u podání dle kategorií jeho úspěšnosti: 1) úspěšné 2) do sítě 3) do autu – dlouhý 4) do autu – do strany. Data byla analyzována analýzou rozptylu pro opakovaná měření. Výsledky ukázaly, že vrchol nadhozu byl statisticky významně nižší (cca o 5 cm) u podaní do autu do strany (351,7 ± 21,9 cm) proti ostatním třem sledovaným kategoriím úspěšnostem podání (p < 0,05). Zásah míče neukázal žádné statisticky významné rozdíly, i když podání do autu do strany byla zasahována nejblíže základní čáry a podání do sítě nejdále. Kinematická analýza ukázala určité charakteristiky nadhozu dle kategorizace úspěšnosti i jistou jeho variabilitu. Nadhoz podání ovlivňuje úspěšnost podání, avšak hráčky mohou do jisté míry pomocí vlastních pohybových dovedností kompenzovat jeho nepřesnosti a korigovat svůj pohyb a docílit úspěšného podání. Jedním z častých důvodů podání do autu do strany je nízký nadhoz.
The flat serve reaches the highest speeds. To execute it successfully, the key is to toss the ball correctly and hit it. The aim is to determine the relationship between the toss and the success of the flat serve in female tennis players. We observed 8 competitive female adult tennis players who served 40 flat serves each. They were videotaped on a high-speed camera (200Hz) from the side view. On the basis of 2D kinematic analysis, we evaluated the racket-ball impact during 1) successful serves 2) serves into the net 3) serves fault-long 4) serves fault-wide. Using repeated measures ANOVA, the results showed that the toss peak was significantly lower (approx. 5 cm) for fault serves wide 351,7 ± 21,9 cm ((p < 0.05) compared to all other serve outcomes. The ball impact did not show any statistically significant differences, although fault serves wide had racket-ball contact closest to the baseline, and serves into the net the furthest. Kinematic analyses revealed some characteristics and variability in serve toss of selected serve outcomes. The serve toss affects the success of the serve, but players can to some extent use their own movement skills to compensate for its inaccuracies and make corrections in their movement to achieve a successful serve. One reason for fault serve wide is a low toss.
- MeSH
- Data Analysis MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Motor Skills MeSH
- Motion Capture methods MeSH
- Athletes statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Athletic Performance * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Tennis * physiology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Videotape Recording methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Clinical Study MeSH
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of two spine models: the broken curve model and a new four tangent circles model. The modification concerns the adaptation of data acquisition to kinematic methods used in, e.g., gait and running analysis. METHOD: Plastic, movable spine model of human with flexible intervertebral disks (manufactured by Erler Zimmer GE3014) was used as the study material. Markers with a diameter of 5 mm were glued to each spinous process (from C7 to L5). The recording was performed with a 6-camera Vicon system. Two spine models were created: a broken curve model used, among others, in the Diers scanner, and an own model of 4 circles, similar to the model of circles used in X-ray and CT analysis. RESULTS: The errors in the position of the spinous processes were significantly smaller in the 4-circle model than in the broken curve model. They ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 mm in the lumbar section, from 0.004 to 3.1 mm in the thoracic section. The practical possibilities of using the four-circle model during the cinematographic analysis of gait and run should be checked. CONCLUSION: The four-circle model is more accurate than the broken curve model and can be used in the cinematographic analysis of the human spine movement.
BACKGROUND: Lateral plating of calcaneal fractures using variable-angle locking plates is still the golden standard for severely comminuted cases. The aim of this study is to explore the possibilities of improving stability of osteosynthesis by changing screw directions. It provides an assessment and comparison of cadaveric biomechanical experiment with retrospective radiologic data analysis. METHODS: In the cadaveric study 8 intact calcaneus-talus specimens were obtained from 4 deceased donors. Fracture type 2b according to Sanders' classification was created in each specimen and fixed with variable-angle locking plate. The specimens were divided in 2 groups differing in orientation of anterior screws and fixed in PMMA base. A push-in test was performed by a two-column testing machine until gross failure. Retrospective cohort study was performed, reviewing data of 74 patients which underwent surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures with the same construct. Evaluation was performed at scheduled CT and X-Ray controls. Direction of inserted screws and implant failure were noted. FINDINGS: The cadaveric study proved that there is no significant difference in mean failure force between two abovementioned screw configurations in Sanders 2b fracture. A significant difference was observed in initial stiffness. The radiologic retrospective study showed that difference in screw position within all fracture types but type 2b is significant. INTERPRETATION: Screw configuration in the anterior part of variable-angle locking plate appears to affect primary stiffness and stability of the construct. Particularly in more comminuted fractures, screw inserted in the direction of sustentaculum improves the stability and lowers risk of implant failure.
- MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Fractures, Bone * surgery diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Intra-Articular Fractures * surgery diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Bone Plates * MeSH
- Bone Screws * MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Cadaver MeSH
- Calcaneus * surgery diagnostic imaging injuries MeSH
- Radiography MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal * methods instrumentation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of computer-assisted CiTM navigation on clinical, radiological, and functional results versus conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 2005 and July 2011, a total of 85 patients (36 males, 49 females; mean age: 66.2±5.2 years; range, 59 to 84 years) who underwent P.F.C. SigmaTM knee system implantation using computer-assisted CiTM navigation system (BrainLAB®, DePuy International, Leeds, UK) and completed a minimum follow-up of eight years were included in the study. In the control group, a total of 100 patients (40 males, 60 females; mean age: 68.3±3.9 years; range, 60 to 79 years) who completed a minimum follow-up of eight years were randomly selected from a dataset of implanted P.F.C. SigmaTM knee systems in the same period using Specialist® 2 instrumentation without navigation. An implant survival analysis was used to compare implant survivorship between the groups throughout 12 years. The Knee Society Score (KSS) and range of motion (ROM) were assessed. Based on long-format X-ray images, the implant position in the frontal and sagittal planes was evaluated. RESULTS: The ratio for navigation to control group survival is approximately 1.01 at 12 years. The clinical outcomes showed no significant difference between the groups (knee scores, p=0.707 and functional scores, p=0.485). In the measured angles analysis, we observed a consistent pattern in both groups. In the control group, there was a trend toward implanting the tibial component with slight varus alignment (p=0.038) and a higher posterior slope (p<0.001). On average, the operation was prolonged by 13 min in the navigated group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our study results demonstrate that while kinematic navigation in TKA improves the precision of implant alignment, it does not provide significant benefits in terms of long-term implant survival or functional outcomes compared to conventional TKA methods. The use of the computer-assisted CiTM navigation system is associated with prolonged operation duration, although no technical complications related to the navigation device's software can be observed. Therefore, although navigation offers theoretical advantages in component positioning, its use may be more justifiable in cases with challenging alignment requirements rather than as a routine practice.
- MeSH
- Osteoarthritis, Knee * surgery physiopathology diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Surgery, Computer-Assisted * adverse effects methods instrumentation MeSH
- Knee Joint * surgery diagnostic imaging physiopathology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Follow-Up Studies MeSH
- Recovery of Function MeSH
- Knee Prosthesis MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Range of Motion, Articular MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee * methods instrumentation adverse effects MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
BACKGROUND: The use of statistical parameter mapping (SPM) to compare gait kinematics of children at different ages seems to be a more appropriate tool to describe the differences than simply describing the maxima and minima on the curves. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does lower limb kinematic waveforms differ during gait in normally developing preschool children? METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, SPM was used to compare kinematic waveforms of typically developing preschool children at ages 2, 3, and 6 years (n = 42). RESULTS: Differences in internal rotation foot angle between 2-year-olds and 3-, 6-year-olds in 22-55 % lower in 2-year-olds but 85-100 % greater in 2-year-olds. Greater internal rotation of the knee in 2-year-olds versus 6-year-olds in 13-25 % of the stance phase. Lower knee abduction in 2-year-olds versus 6-year-olds in the first 13 % of the stance phase. SIGNIFICANCE: Comparison of the waveforms of the angle may provide a clearer understanding of the differences in gait kinematics in children at different ages.
- MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Gait * physiology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Knee Joint * physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Range of Motion, Articular * physiology MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
