peptide separation Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Synthetic heptapeptide containing D-amino acid residues (Val-D-Leu-Pro-Phe-Phe-Val-D-Leu) was coupled to glyoxal-activated magnetic agarose particles via the free peptide amino group. The peptide-modified magnetic particles were used for the separation of pepsins. Porcine pepsin A and human pepsin A were adsorbed to the magnetic peptide-modified affinity carrier, while the rat pepsin C and human pepsin C did not interact with the immobilized ligand. Conditions of pepsin adsorption to peptide-modified magnetic particles, as well as elution buffers were optimized. Porcine pepsin A did not interact with the immobilized peptide in the presence of pepsin inhibitor pepstatin A, indicating that the enzyme binding site is involved in the studied interaction. The elaborated method represents a rapid and simple technique not only for the separation of pepsins but also, in combination with MS, for the enzyme detection and determination.
- MeSH
- adsorpce MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů chemie metabolismus MeSH
- izoenzymy izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetismus MeSH
- pepsin A izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- peptidy genetika chemie metabolismus MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- sefarosa chemie MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In this work, two mixed-mode columns from a different manufacturers and one marketed as a reversed-phase column were characterized and compared in the terms of their interaction abilities, retentivity, peak symmetry, and applicability for peptide separation. All the tested columns contain octadecyl ligand and positively charged modifier, i.e. pyridyl group for the reversed-phase column XSelect CSH C18, quaternary alkylamine for mixed-mode column Atlantis PREMIER BEH C18 AX, and permanently charged moiety (details not available from the manufacturer) for mixed-mode column Luna Omega PS C18. For detailed characterization and comparison of their interaction potential, several approaches were used. First, a simple Walters test was performed to estimate hydrophobic and silanophilic interactions of the tested columns. The highest values of both parameters were observed for column Atlantis PREMIER BEH C18 AX. To investigate the effect of pH and buffer concentration on retention, mobile phases composed of acetonitrile and buffer (ammonium formate, pH 3.0; ammonium acetate pH 4.7 and pH 6.9) in various concentrations (5mM; 10mM; 15mM and 20mM) were used. The analysis of permanently charged compounds was used to describe the electrostatic interaction abilities of the stationary phases. The most significant contribution of electrostatic interactions to the retention was observed for Atlantis PREMIER BEH C18 AX column in the mobile phase with buffer of pH 3.0. A set of ten dipeptides, three pentapeptides and one octapeptide was used to investigate the effects of pH and buffer concentration on retention and peak symmetry. Each of the tested columns provides the optimal peak shape under different buffer pH and concentration. The gradient separation of the 14 tested peptides was used to verify the application potential of the tested columns for peptide separation. The best separation was achieved within 4 minutes on column Atlantis PREMIER BEH C18 AX.
Peptide spectral libraries enable targeted identification and quantitation of low-abundance proteins in a complex plant proteome. Here we describe parallel protein and peptide fractionation techniques to improve plant proteome coverage and facilitate construction of spectral libraries.
Apidaecins represent an important group of antimicrobial peptides occurring in honey bee hemolymph, where they play an important role as key components of humoral immunity. The present study demonstrates the development of a highly sensitive assay for apidaecin 1 isoforms quantification in the hemolymph or body parts from honey bee individuals. The analytical protocol comprises apidaecins 1 purification and enrichment steps by weak cation-exchange chromatography (WCX) in laboratory-made WCX-Tip microcolumns combined with a desalting step on a reversed-phase sorbent (C8) carried in StageTips. Apidaecin-enriched fraction was analyzed by a reversed-phase based nanoliquid chromatography (C4) separation coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The method performance was validated in its specificity, linearity (0-5pmol), recovery (∼45%), precision (<10% at 0.1pmol), limit of detection (∼50fmol), limit of quantification (0.1pmol) and sample stability. The method was successfully applied to analyze the content of apidaecin 1 isoforms in the following samples: hemolymph - 13.0ng/μL (95% confidence interval of 7.5-18.6ng/μL), thoraxes - 36.2ng/unit (95% CI of 18.9-53.6ng/unit) and heads - 12.9ng/unit (95% CI of 9.1-16.7ng/unit). Freshly emerged bees had apidaecin 1 isoforms levels below the limit of detection. Thus it was possible to use them as a competitive matrix for calibration standards to prevent losses of highly basic apidaecins. This new protocol for apidaecin 1 isoforms quantification represents a promising tool to study the role of apidaecins in honey bee immunity and can be considered as a proof-of-concept for the development of sensitive quantification methods for basic antimicrobial peptides in various organisms.
- MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kationty chemie MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- protein - isoformy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- včely chemie MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A divergent-flow isoelectric focusing (DF IEF) technique has been applied for the separation and preparative analysis of peptides. The parameters of the developed DF IEF device such as dimension and shape of the separation bed, selection of nonwoven material of the channel, and separation conditions were optimized. The DF IEF device was tested by the separation of a peptide mixture originating from the tryptic digestion of BSA, cytochrome c, and myoglobin. The pH gradient of DF IEF was created by the autofocusing of tryptic peptides themselves without any addition of carrier ampholytes. The focusing process was monitored visually using colored pI markers, and the obtained fractions were analyzed by RP-HPLC and ESI/TOF-MS. DF IEF operating in the autofocusing mode provides an efficient preseparation of peptides, which is comparable with a commercially available MicroRotofor multicompartment electrolyzer and significantly improves sequence coverage of analyzed proteins. The potential of the DF IEF device as an efficient tool for the preparative scale separations was demonstrated by the isolation of caseinomacropeptide (CMP) from a crude whey solution.
- MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- isoelektrická fokusace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- kaseiny chemie MeSH
- peptidové fragmenty analýza chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- peptidy analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- proteiny analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- skot MeSH
- trypsin chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The review is focused on the latest developments in the analysis of proteins and peptides by capillary electrophoresis techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. First, the methodology and instrumentation are overviewed. In this section, recent progress in capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry interfaces and capillary electrophoresis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization is mentioned, as well as separation tasks. The second part is devoted to applications-mainly bottom-up and top-down proteomics. It is obvious that capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry methods are well suited for peptide and protein analysis (proteomic research) and it is described how these techniques are complementary and not competitive with the often used liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry methods.
This article gives an overview of the applications of capillary electrophoretic methods to investigate the non-covalent interactions of peptides (peptide complexes) with variable middle- and high-molecular-mass receptors (ligands) as well as with small ions and molecules in the period 2007-2014. Different modes of capillary electrophoretic methods, such as mobility shift (vacancy) affinity capillary electrophoresis, multiple injection affinity capillary electrophoresis, partial filling affinity capillary electrophoresis, Hummel-Dryer method, vacancy peak method and (continuous) frontal analysis capillary electrophoresis, are briefly described and their applicability to determination of binding constants of peptide complexes is discussed. In addition, the detailed experimental conditions of individual applications and the values of binding constants of the particular peptide complexes are presented.
- MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- peptidy analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The article presents a new concept of preparative solution IEF where time requirements and efficiency are similar to gel-based IEF whereas simple fraction handling as well as quick and complete protein recovery typical for solution-based IEF methods are maintained. The presented method is based on the IEF in separation medium soaked in a segmented strip of nonwoven fabric. The strip is positioned in an open horizontal V-shaped trough. Suggested focusing method combines free solution IEF under continuous evaporation and whole channel dispensing. Separation medium based on ethylene glycol/water mixture enhances viscosity enough to reduce electroosmosis and prevents the medium from completely drying out. Generation of pH gradient and final local pH is visually traced by colored low-molecular pI markers added to input mixture, which enables an optimization of focusing process and collection of individual fractions at desired pH range. The proposed method was tested by fractionation of the proteins and bioactive peptides originating from raw whey. Moreover, subsequent HPLC analysis of the individually collected solution IEF fractions was used for identification of whey components. We confirmed that the method is capable to process directly few tenths of milliliters of raw samples including the salty ones.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
