OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study, which consisted of a motivational lecture and hands-on training, was to evaluate the role of oral hygiene education for adolescents. METHODS: The study population included sixty-two high school students between fourteen and fifteen years of age (thirty males and thirty-two females). The response rate was 76.5%. The measurement of oral hygiene level was performed using the modified Green Vermilion Index (GVI). The values were recorded at baseline, one week, three months, and six months after education through motivational lecture and hands-on training was performed. Descriptive and nonparametric statistical methods were used in statistical analysis. Level of significance was 0.05. RESULTS: At the beginning of the study, the GVI of all examined subjects was 3.52 (SD = 0.70). One week after the motivational lecture and training, it decreased to 2.64 (SD = 0.69). Three months later, the level of plaque index had the lowest value (1.44; SD = 0.66). At the end of the study the level of plaque index increased to 2.52 (SD = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS: A significant oral hygiene improvement in adolescents as a result of education was presented. However, due to a decline in oral hygiene level six months after the education, there is a need for educational programmes continuity.

• MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Motivation * MeSH
• Oral Hygiene education   methods   psychology   MeSH
• Oral Health education   MeSH
• Students MeSH
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
• Dental Plaque prevention & control   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• Publication type
• Abstracts MeSH

• MeSH
• Dentin Sensitivity therapy   MeSH
• Fluorine MeSH
• Sodium Fluoride MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Oral Hygiene MeSH
• Toothpastes administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Periodontium MeSH
• Periodontitis diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Mass Screening MeSH
• Preventive Dentistry MeSH

AIMS: Catheter-based intravascular near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) detects a lipid signal from atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of carotid artery stenting (CAS) on the lipid signal in a carotid stenosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed NIRS combined with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) during 120 CAS procedures. Minimal luminal area (MLA) and plaque burden (PB) at the site of MLA were measured with IVUS and lipid core burden index (LCBI), maximal LCBI in a 4 mm segment of the artery (LCBImax) and LCBI in a 4 mm segment at the site of MLA (LCBImla) with NIRS-derived chemograms. NIRS-IVUS imaging was performed at baseline, after stent implantation and after balloon post-dilatation. The most common lesion type was the fibrocalcific plaque (76%). Lipid-rich plaque (LCBImax ≥400) was present in 33% of carotid stenoses and in 20% at the site of MLA. Median MLA increased significantly from baseline to stent implantation (3.63 mm2 to 5.56 mm2, p<0.001) and to post-dilatation (5.56 mm2 to 12.03 mm2, p<0.001). Median LCBI, LCBImax and LCBImla significantly decreased from baseline to stent implantation: LCBI (60 to 8, p<0.001), LCBImax (294 to 60, p<0.001) and LCBImla (124 to 0, p<0.001). Post-dilatation of the stent had no further significant effect on median LCBI (8 to 5, p=0.890), LCBImax (60 to 50, p=0.690) and LCBImla (0 to 0, p=0.438). CONCLUSIONS: Carotid artery stenting significantly reduced the NIRS-derived lipid core burden index at the stented segment.

• MeSH
• Plaque, Atherosclerotic * surgery   MeSH
• Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared MeSH
• Ultrasonography, Interventional MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lipids MeSH
• Coronary Artery Disease * MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Carotid Stenosis * surgery   MeSH
• Stents * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Ortodontická léčba fixním aparátem umožňuje pacientovi funkční i estetické zlepšení stavu chrupu, ale její průběh a výsledek může být negativné ovlivnén nedodržováním dostatečné ústní hygieny. Tato studie je zaměřena na sledování a hodnocení ústní hygieny pacientů s fixními aparáty a na srovnání zjišténých výsledků s kontrolní skupinou pacientů bez fixního aparátu. Z výsledků práce vyplývá, že nošení fixních aparátů ztěžuje provedení kvalitní ústní hygieny. Byla zjišténa vyšší kumulace plaku, především na vestibulárních ploškách zubů, zvýšená krvácivost dásní, a také vyšší průměrné hodnoty plakového indexu. Sledovaná kvantita Streptococcus mutans a Lactobacilus species ve stimulované slině však neukázala větší rozdíly u obou skupin. Lze proto usuzovat, že ortodontická léčba fixním aparátem nemá přímý vliv na kazivost chrupu.

Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance results in the improved function and esthetics of dentition. However, the course and results of the treatment may be negatively affected by the lack of oral hygiene. Our study focuses on evaluation of oral hygiene in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. The data obtained are compared with those found in the control group of patients without fixed appliances. The results suggest that fixed appliances make oral hygiene rather difficult. There is a higher accumulation of plaque (especially on vestibular surfaces of teeth), increased papilla bleeding, and higher mean values of plaque index. Nevertheless, there were found no greater differences in the quantity of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species in stimulated saliva in both groups. Therefore, we may conclude that the orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance does not directly influence tooth decay.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Oral Hygiene Index MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Lactobacillus isolation & purification   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Orthodontics, Corrective methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Saliva microbiology   MeSH
• Streptococcus mutans isolation & purification   MeSH
• Dental Plaque microbiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH

Cílem tohoto sdělení bylo registrovat, do jaké míry ovlivňuje fixní ortodontický aparát úroveň ústní hygieny pacientů. Po nasazení fixního aparátu došlo ke zhoršení kn/ácivosti gingivy a k vyšší kumulaci plaku na vestibulárních ploškách zubů. Hodnoty modifikovaného Papilla Bleeding Index - (mPBI) stouply průměrné o 21 bodů. K dalšímu významnému vzestupu obou jevů došlo po aplikaci složitější konstrukce fixního aparátu. Po sejmutí fixního aparáíu se do 3 měsíců hodnoty mPBI u17% pacientů vrátily na úroveň před léčbou, u61 % pacientů bylo nalezeno zlepšení a u 22 % mírné zhoršení hodnot mPBI. Závěrem práce jsou předložena základní doporučení, jejichž dodržování podstatně snižuje riziko vzniku demineralizací tvrdých zubních tkání a poškození parodontu.

The impact of fixed orthodontic appliance on the level of patient's oral hygiene is examined. After application of fixed appliance the gingival bleeding worsened and the plaque accumulated on vestibular surfaces of teeth. Values of modified Papilla Bleeding Index (mPBI) increased on average by 21 points. When more complex construction of fixed appliance was used the two values increased significantly. After removal of fixed appliance mPBI values in 17% of patients returned to their level prior to treatment within 3 months; in 61% of patients the improvement was encountered, and in 22% of patients the moderately worsened values of mPBI were found. Conclusions contain the basic recommendations to prevent the risk of demineralization of hard dental tissues and the risk of damage of periodontal tissues.

• MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Oral Hygiene MeSH
• Orthodontic Retainers MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Úvod: ischemická choroba srdeční (ichS) je celosvětově hlavní příčinou úmrtí, což je jedním z důvodů významných technologických pokroků intervenční kardiologie v posledních dekádách. Kombinace intravaskulárního ultrazvuku (iVuS) a infračervenému spektru blízké spektroskopie (nirS) nabízí detailní pohled na morfologii koronárních tepen a složení aterosklerotických plátů. tyto pokročilé zobrazovací technologie umožňují přesnější hodnocení ichS a zlepšují terapeutické strategie. Cíl: nirS dokáže detekovat a určitým způsobem kvantifikovat obsah lipidů v aterosklerotickém plátu pomocí indexů lcBi (lipid-core Burden index) a maxlcBi4mm (Maximal lipid core Burden index ve 4mm segmen- tu). V této studii jsme zkoumali vztah mezi těmito indexy a progresí aterosklerotického plátu v období 9–12 měsíců od perkutánní koronární intervence (Pci) s implantací lékového stentu v kmeni levé koronární tepny. Metody: Jednalo se o prospektivní, monocentrickou studii zahrnující 27 pacientů s významnou stenózou kmene levé věnčité tepny, kteří podstoupili iVuS-nrS vedenou Pci. Sériově byly hodnoceny lcBi, maxlcBi- 4mm a objem plátu (PV) před Pci, bezprostředně po Pci a v rámci kontrolního vyšetření za 9 až 12 měsíců u 18 pacientů. Výsledky: Průměrný věk pacientů dosahoval 72,7 roku, přičemž převládali muži (88 %). Průměrný lcBi před Pci byl 128,9 ± 122,0, zatímco maxlcBi4mm byl 263,7 ± 172,0. Volumetricky pomocí iVuS měřený PV po Pci byl 418,7 ± 203,3 mm3, při kontrole se zvýšil na 454,5 ± 209,4 mm3 (p = 0,105). Analýza neodhalila významnou korelaci mezi rozdílem PV (po Pci a při kontrole) a výchozími hodnotami lcBi, resp. maxlcBi4mm (p = 0,626, resp. 0,786). Závěr: Výsledky neprokázaly statisticky významnou korelaci mezi počátečními hodnotami lcBi, resp. maxlcBi4mm a progresí PV v kmeni levé věnčité tepny. Korelační grafy však naznačují trend ke snížení PV u pacientů s vysokými výchozími hodnotami lcBi a maxlcBi4mm jako možný efekt vysoce intenzivní statinové terapie.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, which has driven significant advances in the field of interventional cardiology. The combination of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and near-infrared light spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a detailed view of coronary artery morphology and plaque composition. This advanced imaging capability facilitates a more accurate assessment of CAD and enhances therapeutic strategies. Objective: NIRS can detect and quantify lipid content in atherosclerotic plaque using the Lipid Core Burden Index (LCBI) and the Maximal Lipid Core Burden Index in a 4 mm segment (maxLCBI4mm). In this study, we examined the relationship between these indices and atherosclerotic plaque progression in the crucial area of the left main coronary artery (LM) during a follow-up period of 9 to 12 months after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Methods: A prospective, single-centre study was conducted involving 27 patients with significant left main stenosis who underwent IVUS-NIRS guided PCI. Serial assessments of the LCBI, maxLCBI4mm, and IVUS-derived plaque volume (PV) were performed at baseline, immediately post-PCI, and during follow-up at 9 to 12 months in 18 patients. Results: The mean age of the study population was 72.7 years, with a predominance of male patients (88%). The average LCBI of the LM coronary artery before PCI was 128.9 ± 122.0, while maxLCBI4mm was 263.7 ± 172.0. The IVUS-measured PV post-PCI was 418.7 ± 203.3 mm3, increasing to 454.5 ± 209.4 mm3 at follow-up (p = 0.105). Analysis revealed no significant correlation between the difference in PV and baseline LCBI or maxLCBI4mm, with p-values of 0.626 and 0.786, respectively. Conclusion: This study found no significant association between initial LCBI and maxLCBI4mm segment values and subsequent changes in PV in the left main coronary artery. However, correlation graphs indicate a trend toward decreased PV in patients with high initial LCBI and maxLCBI4mm.

• MeSH
• Plaque, Atherosclerotic * chemistry   pathology   MeSH
• Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared * methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Ultrasonography, Interventional MeSH
• Percutaneous Coronary Intervention MeSH
• Coronary Stenosis surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lipids analysis   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Health Status Indicators MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Clinical Study MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key regulator of the host response to microbial infection and major modulator of extracellular matrix catabolism and bone resorption. The aim of this case-control study was to test differences between children with and without gingivitis in the distribution of IL-6 alleles at positions -174, -572, and -597 and their haplotypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 455 Caucasian children, aged 11 to 13 years, were enrolled in this study. According to gingival bleeding on probing indices, 183 were classified as healthy subjects and 272 as children with plaque-induced gingivitis. DNA for genetic analysis was obtained from buccal epithelial cells and PCR-RFLP methods were used for genotyping three selected IL-6 promoter polymorphisms. RESULTS: Complex analysis revealed significant differences in haplotype frequencies between patients and healthy subjects (p<0.01). The CGA haplotype was significantly more frequent in children with gingivitis than in healthy subjects (41.5% versus 34.1%). In subanalyses, we found that IL-6 -174C allele was more frequent in patients (44.3%) than in healthy children (36.1%, p=0.016, P(corr)<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that allele C remained a risk factor for gingivitis in children (p=0.03) regardless of plaque or gender. However, the proportions of the IL-6 -597 and -572 genotypes were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS. Our results indicate that the three promoter polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene act in a cooperative fashion and suggest that IL-6 haplotypes could play a role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis in Caucasian children.

• MeSH
• Alleles MeSH
• Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis MeSH
• White People MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Gene Frequency MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Gingivitis etiology   genetics   immunology   MeSH
• Haplotypes MeSH
• Interleukin-6 genetics   MeSH
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Disease Susceptibility MeSH
• Periodontal Index MeSH
• Promoter Regions, Genetic MeSH
• Case-Control Studies MeSH
• Dental Plaque complications   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to assess oral health in adolescents selected from the ELSPAC (European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood) Bmo group and complete thus the ELSPAC series of studies on child general health. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomly selected children from the ELSPAC group (n=780) were examined clinically for dental and periodontal status, dental plaque, dental calculus and orthodontic anomalies. The following clinical parameters were assessed: DMFT score and its components, gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and calculus index (CSI). GI, PI and CSI were recorded on selected teeth. The presence/absence of orthodontic anomalies and their severity were recorded. ANOVA test for quantitative and XZ2 test for qualitative parameters evaluation were used. RESULTS: Mean DMFT of the group was 2.82 (SE 0.36), share of caries-free children 25.4%. Mean GI index of the cohort was 0.204 (SE 0.011), grade 0 was found in 36.9% children, grade 1 in 43.0%, and grade 2 in 19.5%. Statistical significant associations (p < 0.05) were observed in GI and DMFT, GI and DT value, GI and severity of orthodontic anomaly; significant difference was found in GI of caries-free and treated children vs. treatment need and in PI value between children with gingivitis vs healthy ones. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated a relatively high caries experience, low level of gingival inflammation and relation between GI and DMFT, particularly in D component, and between GI and orthodontic anomalies.

• MeSH
• DMF Index MeSH
• Gingivitis epidemiology   MeSH
• Oral Hygiene Index MeSH
• Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Dental Plaque Index MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Malocclusion epidemiology   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Periodontal Diseases epidemiology   MeSH
• Needs Assessment statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Periodontal Index MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Dental Calculus epidemiology   MeSH
• Dental Caries epidemiology   MeSH
• Dental Plaque epidemiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH