- MeSH
- Antidepressive Agents MeSH
- Lethal Dose 50 MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Drug Synergism MeSH
- Yohimbine MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Skin immunology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Immunological MeSH
- Graft vs Host Disease pathology MeSH
- Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
- Graft vs Host Reaction MeSH
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MeSH
- Bone Marrow Transplantation MeSH
- Skin Transplantation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
Počet státních pojištěnců je důležitá položka pro odhad příjmů veřejného zdravotního pojištění. Cílem předkládané studie je kompletní analýza, to jest posouzení vstupních dat pomocí grafi cké analýzy, popisné statistiky a výběr nejvhodnějšího modelu pro predikci. V rámci studie byly porovnány stochastické modely SARIMA a regARIMA, kubická funkce s konstantami a bez nich. Podle BIC hodnoty a Ljung-Boxova testu vývoj státních pojištěnců nejlépe popisuje proces SARIMA(0,1,3)(0,1,1)12 bez konstanty. Na základě modelu se bude počet státních pojištěnců pohybovat na úrovni 5 866 796 osob, což by pro státní rozpočet v roce 2019 představovalo výdaj v hodnotě 71,74 miliardy Kč.
The number of state insured persons is an important item for the revenue side of the Czech system of public health insurance. The main aim of this paper is a complete analysis, which contains an assessment of the input dataset by the graphic analysis, descriptive statistics, and a choice of the best fi tting prediction model. In this study, SARIMA and regARIMA stochastic models, and cubic regression function with the constant term and without it were compared. Based on the BIC value and the Ljung-Box test, the SARIMA(0,1,3)(0,1,1)12 stochastic process without the constant term was proved the best fi tting model. Using this model, the average number of state insured persons was estimated at 5 866 796 people, which corresponds to CZK 71.74 billion expenditure in the 2019 state budget.
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Theoretical MeSH
- Public Health economics MeSH
- Insurance, Health * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess predisposing and precipitating risk factors and create a predictive model for post-stroke delirium. RESEARCH DESIGN: A prospective observational study in a cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke or intracerebral haematoma admitted within 24 hours of stroke onset. METHODS: Patients were assessed daily for delirium during the first week by means of DSM-IV criteria and risk factors were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred patients completed a 7-day evaluation (47 women and 53 men, median age 77 years). An episode of delirium was detected in 43 patients (43%). Using multivariate logistic regression, a predictive statistical model was developed that utilized independent risk factors: age (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.02-1.15); intracerebral haemorrhage (OR = 6.11; 95% CI = 1.62-22.98), lesion volume > 40 ccm (OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.29-12.39) and either elevated gamma-glytamyl transferase (OR = 4.88; 95% CI = 1.45-16.35) and elevated serum bilirubin (OR = 3.70; 95% CI = 1.32-10.38) or maximum sequential organ failure assessment score >2 (OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.06-10.45) with acceptable sensitivity and specificity (69.0% and 80.7%). In ischemic strokes, total anterior circulation infarctions were more frequently associated with delirium (73.3% developed delirium) compared with the remainder of the groups combined (p = 0.004; OR = 6.66; 95% CI = 1.85-24.01). CONCLUSION: Higher age, metabolic disturbances, intracerebral haemorrhage and larger ischemic hemispheric strokes increase the risk of post-stroke delirium.
- MeSH
- Bilirubin blood MeSH
- C-Reactive Protein metabolism MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Cerebral Hemorrhage blood complications physiopathology MeSH
- Stroke blood complications physiopathology MeSH
- Delirium blood etiology physiopathology MeSH
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders MeSH
- gamma-Glutamyltransferase blood MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Survival Rate MeSH
- Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Models, Theoretical MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Spondylotic cervical cord compression detected by imaging methods is a prerequisite for the clinical diagnosis of spondylotic cervical myelopathy (SCM). Little is known about the spontaneous course and prognosis of clinically "silent" presymptomatic spondylotic cervical cord compression (P-SCCC). The aim of the present study was to update a previously published model predictive for the development of clinically symptomatic SCM, and to assess the early and late risks of this event in a larger cohort of P-SCCC subjects. A group of 199 patients (94 women, 105 men, median age 51 years) with magnetic resonance signs of spondylotic cervical cord compression, but without clear clinical signs of myelopathy, was followed prospectively for at least 2 years (range 2-12 years). Various demographic, clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological parameters were correlated with the time for the development of symptomatic SCM. Clinical evidence of the first signs and symptoms of SCM within the follow-up period was found in 45 patients (22.6%). The 25th percentile time to clinically manifested myelopathy was 48.4 months, and symptomatic SCM developed within 12 months in 16 patients (35.5%). The presence of symptomatic cervical radiculopathy and electrophysiological abnormalities of cervical cord dysfunction detected by somatosensory or motor-evoked potentials were associated with time-to-SCM development and early development (< or =12 months) of SCM, while MRI hyperintensity predicted later (>12 months) progression to symptomatic SCM. The multivariate predictive model based on these variables correctly predicted early progression into SCM in 81.4% of the cases. In conclusion, electrophysiological abnormalities of cervical cord dysfunction together with clinical signs of cervical radiculopathy and MRI hyperintensity are useful predictors of early progression into symptomatic SCM in patients with P-SCCC. Electrophysiological evaluation of cervical cord dysfunction in patients with cervical radiculopathy or back pain is valuable. Meticulous follow-up is justified in high-risk P-SCCC cases.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Electrodiagnosis methods MeSH
- Evoked Potentials physiology MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Cohort Studies MeSH
- Spinal Cord Compression diagnosis physiopathology MeSH
- Cervical Vertebrae physiopathology pathology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
- Spinal Cord physiopathology MeSH
- Models, Neurological MeSH
- Neural Pathways physiopathology MeSH
- Spinal Osteophytosis diagnosis physiopathology MeSH
- Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Disease Progression MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Radiculopathy diagnosis physiopathology MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
Schopnost odhadnout, jaká svalová dysbalance, případně jiné působení, je příčinou změn klidové pozice lopatky, by výrazně napomohla při interpretaci výsledků moiré vyšetření topografie trupu. Při řešení úlohy vycházíme z předpokladu, že poloha lopatky vzhledem k hrudníku je dána výsledným silovým působením od aktivních i pasivních struktur. Vzhledem ke způsobu uložení lopatky je zřejmé, že její klidová poloha je značně podmíněna případnou svalovou dysbalancí. Odhad poměrného silového působení jednotlivých svalů je cílem zatím 2D modelu lopatky.
The shoulder girdle is the attachment of the upper extremity to the trunk. It consists of two bones: the scapula (shoulder blade) and the clavicle (collarbone). The scapula is a flat, triangular bone that lies over the posterior surface of the rib cage. At its upper lateral corner is a cuplike depression (the glenoid fossa) which forms a socket for the head of the humerus. The sternoclavicular joint is the only bony connection between the shoulder girdle and the trunk. The scapula is connected to the trunk indirectly through the acromioclavicular joint; otherwise, the scapula is attached to the trunk only by muscles. Morphological data, including the geometry of bones and muscles, muscle physiologicalcross-sectional area (PCSA) and the inertia tensor of the segments, were recorded in a anatomy. Each muscle element represents a muscle line of action, generating force at its attachments on the bone. Then, the behavior of the complete mechanism can be calculated by simply force equilibrium.
