work ability
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
Řeč, pohyb, správný ontogenetický vývoj jedince, kognice, emoce, schopnost učit se, paměť – a s výčtem bychom mohly pokračovat. To vše je přímo závislé na rovnováze, za kterou stojí rytmus realizovaný v optimálním tempu s dostatečnou intenzitou a v pravidelně se opakujících, časově dobře volených intervalech. Často si, vlivem zautomatizovaných činností, neuvědomujeme, s jakou pravidelností, plánováním a organizovaností vykonáváme základní motorické vzorce, které se intuitivně a naprosto přirozeně učíme prostřednictvím dostatečně intenzivních intervalových rytmických aktivit. A právě terapie v logopedické praxi vedená intenzivně a intervalově napomáhá u dětí a žáků příznivě ovlivňovat prognózu jejich řečového vývoje, bez ohledu na to, zda využíváme direktivní, nebo nedirektivní přístup. To je mimo jiné potvrzeno také v závěru uvedeným stručným kazuistickým příkladem klientky se závažnou myofunkční poruchou.
Speech, movement, proper ontogenetic development of the individual, cognition, emotions, ability to learn, memory and the list could go on. All of these are directly dependent on balance, which is based on the rhythm realised at an optimal pace with sufficient intensity and in regularly recurring intervals of well-chosen timing. Often, due to automated activities, we are not aware of the regularity, planning and organisation with which we perform the basic motor patterns that we intuitively and quite naturally learn through sufficiently intense interval rhythmic activities. And it is precisely the therapy in Speech Therapy practice conducted intensively and at intervals, that helps to positively influence the prognosis of children and pupils in their speech development, regardless of whether we use a directive or non-directive approach. This is confirmed, among other things, by the brief case example of a client with a severe myofunctional disorder, presented in the end of the paper.
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2FAs) are endogenously produced electrophiles and NRF2 activators with therapeutic potential. We developed a synthetic protocol combining a Henry reaction and base-promoted β-elimination, yielding ultrapure regio/stereoisomers of nitro-stearic (NO2SA), nitro-oleic (NO2OA), and conjugated/bis-allylic nitro-linoleic (NO2LA) acids. These were tested for NRF2 pathway activation in bone marrow cells under different oxygen conditions. We observed that 9- and 10-NO2OA, and 10-NO2LA increased NRF2 stabilization under hypoxia, while 9- and 10-NO2OA significantly upregulated Hmox1 and Gclm at all oxygen levels. 9- and 10-NO2OA enhanced HO-1 and GCLM proteins independently of oxygen, while 10-NO2LA was oxygen-dependent, boosting HO-1 under hypoxia and GCLM under ambient conditions. Moreover, 10-NO2OA and 10-NO2LA induced NRF2 nuclear translocation. In contrast, the saturated 10-NO2SA, which has lower electron-acceptor ability, was inactive. In summary, these findings suggest the biological activity of NO2FAs is dependent on oxygen level, which could be used in future research of other oxidative stress-dependent pathways.
- MeSH
- dusíkaté sloučeniny * farmakologie chemická syntéza chemie MeSH
- faktor 2 související s NF-E2 * metabolismus MeSH
- hemoxygenasa-1 metabolismus MeSH
- hypoxie buňky MeSH
- kyseliny linolové chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- kyslík metabolismus MeSH
- mastné kyseliny * farmakologie chemická syntéza chemie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků MeSH
- stereoizomerie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíl: Přehled možností využití nelékařského zdravotnického oboru ergoterapie v onkogynekologii, popis role ergoterapeuta v prehabilitaci, zhodnocení dat z pilotní studie. Soubor a metodika: Do studie probíhající od listopadu 2023 do října 2024 bylo zařazeno celkem 18 pacientek, prospektivní studie probíhala po dobu 9 měsíců. Jednalo se o pacientky přijaté k 3týdenní intenzivní multimodální prehabilitaci v režimu 4/7 před plánovaným operačním výkonem pro primární nebo recidivující maligní nádor ovaria, endometria nebo děložního hrdla. Pacientkám se v rámci prehabilitace věnoval kromě lékařů i fyzioterapeut, psycholog, nutriční specialista a ergoterapeut. Klinická práce ergoterapeuta byla změřena na vyšetření a následnou terapii v oblasti kognitivních funkcí, jemné motoriky horních končetin, soběstačnosti a kvality života. Ergoterapeut aplikoval vybrané funkční testy a dotazníky (MKF klasifikace, Hand grip test, MoCA test, 5× Sit-to-Stand test, WHODAS 2.0) pro zjištění efektu rehabilitační intervence. Výsledky a závěry: Důležitými sledovanými ukazateli byly vybrané funkční schopnosti, které mají významný dopad na kvalitu života pacientek. Výsledky funkčních testů prokázaly významné zlepšení klíčových parametrů vlivem intenzivní prehabilitace, což potvrzuje zásadní roli intervence ergoterapeuta v onkogynekologické prehabilitaci.
Objective: Overview of the possibilities of using non-medical occupational therapy in oncogynecology, description of the role of an occupational therapist in prehabilitation, and evaluation of data from a pilot study. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 18 patients enrolled between November 2023 and October 2024. The prospective study was conducted over a period of nine months. Patients were admitted for a 3-week intensive multimodal prehabilitation program scheduled on a 4/7 basis prior to elective surgery for primary or recurrent malignant ovarian, endometrial, or cervical cancer. In addition to the physicians, patients received prehabilitation by a physiotherapist, psychologist, nutritionist, and occupational therapist. Clinical work of the occupational therapist was measured upon examination and subsequent therapy in the areas of cognitive function, fine motor skills of the upper limbs, self-sufficiency, and quality of life. The occupational therapist applied selected functional tests and questionnaires (MKF classification, Hand grip test, MoCA test, 5× Sit-to-Stand test, WHODAS 2.0) to determine the effect of the rehabilitation intervention. Results and conclusions: Important indicators were selected functional abilities that have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The results of functional tests showed a significant improvement of key parameters due to intensive prehabilitation, confirming the essential role of occupational therapist intervention in oncogynecological prehabilitation.
- MeSH
- ergoterapie * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- fyzioterapie v předoperační přípravě MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory ženských pohlavních orgánů * rehabilitace MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) is increasingly being used in contemporary health care provision owing to its portability, accessibility, ability to facilitate communication, improved interprofessional collaboration, and benefits for health outcomes. However, there is limited discourse on patient safety in real-world mHealth implementation, especially as care settings extend beyond traditional center-based technology usage to home-based care. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore health care professionals' perspectives on the safety aspects of mHealth integration in real-world service provision, focusing on Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and Wuhan city in mainland China. In Hong Kong SAR, real-world mHealth care provision is largely managed by the Hospital Authority, which has released various mobile apps for home-based care, such as Stoma Care, Hip Fracture, and HA Go. In contrast, mHealth care provision in Wuhan is institutionally directed, with individual hospitals or departments using consultation apps, WeChat mini-programs, and the WeChat Official Accounts Platform (a subapp within the WeChat ecosystem). METHODS: A multicenter qualitative study design was used. A total of 27 participants, including 22 nurses and 5 physicians, from 2 different health care systems were interviewed individually. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 32.19 (SD 3.74) years, and the mean working experience was 8.04 (SD 4.05) years. Most participants were female (20/27, 74%). Nearly half of the participants had a bachelor's degree (13/27, 48%), some had a master's degree (9/27, 33%), and few had a diploma degree (3/27, 11%) or a doctoral degree (2/27, 7%). Four themes emerged from the data analysis. Considering the current uncertainties surrounding mHealth implementation, participants emphasized "liability" concerns when discussing patient safety. They emphasized the need for "change management," which includes appropriate referral processes, adequate resources and funding, informed mHealth usage, and efficient working processes. They cautioned about the risks in providing mHealth information without ensuring understanding, appreciated the current regulations available, and identified additional regulations that should be considered to ensure information security. CONCLUSIONS: As health care systems increasingly adopt mHealth solutions globally to enhance both patient care and operational efficiency, it becomes crucial to understand the implications for patient safety in these new care models. Health care professionals recognized the importance of patient safety in making mHealth usage reliable and sustainable. The promotion of mHealth should be accompanied by the standardization of mHealth services with institutional, health care system, and policy-level support. This includes fostering mHealth acceptance among health care professionals to encourage appropriate referrals, accommodate changes, ensure patient comprehension, and proactively identify and address threats to information security.
- MeSH
- bezpečnost pacientů * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mobilní aplikace MeSH
- telemedicína * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Čína MeSH
- Hongkong MeSH
With an increasing focus on sustainable technologies in the pharmaceutical industry, milling provides a solvent-free approach to improve drug dissolution. Milling of drugs with an excipient offers additional opportunities to achieve supersaturation kinetics. Therefore, this work aims to present insights of co-milling fenofibrate and apremilast, two good glass formers with low and high glass transition temperatures (Tgs) respectively. Drugs were co-milled with croscarmellose sodium for various process durations followed by thermal analysis, investigation of crystallinity, surface area and dissolution. The dissolution enhancement of the low-Tg glass former fenofibrate highly correlated with the process-induced increase in surface area of co-milled systems (R2 = 0.96). In contrast, the high-Tg glass former apremilast lost its crystalline order gradually after ≥ 10 min of co-milling, and favourable supersaturation kinetics during biorelevant dissolution testing were observed. Interestingly, the melting point of co-milled apremilast decreased and linearly correlated with the highest measured drug concentration (cmax) during in vitro dissolution (onset temperature R2 = 0.98; peak temperature R2 = 0.96). The melting point depression remained stable after 90 days for apremilast, whereas fenofibrate co-milled for 20 min or more showed an increase in melting point upon storage. This study demonstrated that co-milling with croscarmellose sodium is ideally suited to good glass formers with a high Tg. The melting point depression is thereby proposed as an easily accessible critical quality attribute to estimate likely dissolution performance of drugs in dry co-milled formulations.
Aim: Emotional intelligence (EI) is increasingly recognized as an essential competency in nursing leadership. This study explores how EI shapes the fundamental components of nursing leadership and its impact on healthcare outcomes. Design: The study is classified as qualitative research. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed using databases including EBSCO, Google Scholar, OVID, and Web of Science. Studies published in English between 2017 and 2022 were screened against predefined inclusion criteria. Thirty-three peer-reviewed articles were selected and subjected to contextual and thematic analysis. This qualitative approach allowed synthesis of recurring themes and insights into the influence of EI on nursing leadership and practice. Results: Emotional intelligence significantly impacts nursing leadership by improving patient outcomes, fostering teamwork, enhancing communication, and supporting quality care. Nurses with high EI nurses exhibit empathy, resilience, and positivity, contributing to stronger team dynamics, reduced turnover, and increased cohesion. Leaders with elevated EI levels earn trust, build respectful relationships, and inspire commitment. Moreover, EI reduces burnout, enhances job satisfaction, and ensures consistent quality control in nursing management. Conclusion: Emotional intelligence is fundamental to effective nursing leadership and has a positive impact on staff retention, satisfaction, and quality of care. Incorporating EI training into nursing education and recruitment is vital for sustaining nursing leadership excellence and optimizing healthcare outcomes.
INTRODUCTION: This study investigates the antecedents of perceived teacher work ability, a critical construct for addressing challenges associated with extending working lives and maintaining sustained professional engagement in the teaching profession. Grounded in the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this cross-sectional study investigates the relationships between job demands (quantitative, cognitive, and emotional), job resources (supervisor support, coworker support, and autonomy), burnout, and work-life conflict in shaping perceived teacher work ability. METHODS: Data were obtained from 841 Czech primary and lower secondary school teachers (86.1% female) with a mean age of 45.9 years (SD = 10.8). The full SEM model was developed and estimated based on the proposed hypotheses. RESULTS: The findings suggest that burnout is the most significant antecedent of perceived teacher work ability, with quantitative and emotional job demands indirectly influencing it through burnout. While supervisor and coworker support directly enhance perceived teacher work ability, autonomy primarily alleviates quantitative and emotional job demands, thereby indirectly mitigating burnout. Work-life conflict partially mediates the relationship between job demands and burnout but does not directly impact perceived teacher work ability. DISCUSSION: These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between job demands, job resources, and burnout in enhancing teachers' capacity to meet the multifaceted demands of their profession effectively.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Organophosphorus compounds are highly toxic irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterases, causing the disruption of cholinergic functions. Treatment of poisoning includes causal antidotes (oximes) used as reactivators of inhibited cholinesterases, such as pralidoxime. In this work, new halogenated oxime reactivators derived from pralidoxime were developed. The oximes were designed with a halogen substituent that lowers the pKa and enhances oximate formation. Their synthesis, stability, physicochemical properties, inhibition of native cholinesterases, and in vitro reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases were investigated. A series of C4 and C6 halogenated oximes showed instability and their degradation products were identified, while C3 and C5 oximes exhibited sufficient stability for the evaluation. C3 oximes displayed overall low inhibition of cholinesterases and high reactivation ability of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases compared to pralidoxime, indicating the significant impact of halogen substitution on reactivation ability.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
STUDY QUESTION: Can oocyte functionality be assessed by observing changes in their intracytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) profiles? SUMMARY ANSWER: Lipid profile changes can reliably be detected in human oocytes; lipid changes are linked with maternal age and impaired developmental competence in a mouse model. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: In all cellular components, lipid damage is the earliest manifestation of oxidative stress (OS), which leads to a cascade of negative consequences for organelles and DNA. Lipid damage is marked by the accumulation of LDs. We hypothesized that impaired oocyte functionality resulting from aging and associated OS could be assessed by changes in LDs profile, hereafter called lipid fingerprint (LF). STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: To investigate if it is possible to detect differences in oocyte LF, we subjected human GV-stage oocytes to spectroscopic examinations. For this, a total of 48 oocytes derived from 26 young healthy women (under 33 years of age) with no history of infertility, enrolled in an oocyte donation program, were analyzed. Furthermore, 30 GV human oocytes from 12 women were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To evaluate the effect of oocytes' lipid profile changes on embryo development, a total of 52 C57BL/6 wild-type mice and 125 Gnpat+/- mice were also used. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Human oocytes were assessed by label-free cell imaging via coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Further confirmation of LF changes was conducted using spontaneous Raman followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and TEM. Additionally, to evaluate whether LF changes are associated with developmental competence, mouse oocytes and blastocysts were evaluated using TEM and the lipid dyes BODIPY and Nile Red. Mouse embryonic exosomes were evaluated using flow cytometry, FTIR and FT-Raman spectroscopies. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Here we demonstrated progressive changes in the LF of oocytes associated with the woman's age consisting of increased LDs size, area, and number. LF variations in oocytes were detectable also within individual donors. This finding makes LF assessment a promising tool to grade oocytes of the same patient, based on their quality. We next demonstrated age-associated changes in oocytes reflected by lipid peroxidation and composition changes; the accumulation of carotenoids; and alterations of structural properties of lipid bilayers. Finally, using a mouse model, we showed that LF changes in oocytes are negatively associated with the secretion of embryonic exosomes prior to implantation. Deficient exosome secretion disrupts communication between the embryo and the uterus and thus may explain recurrent implantation failures in advanced-age patients. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Due to differences in lipid content between different species' oocytes, the developmental impact of lipid oxidation and consequent LF changes may differ across mammalian oocytes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our findings open the possibility to develop an innovative tool for oocyte assessment and highlight likely functional connections between oocyte LDs and embryonic exosome secretion. By recognizing the role of oocyte LF in shaping the embryo's ability to implant, our original work points to future directions of research relevant to developmental biology and reproductive medicine. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This research was funded by National Science Centre of Poland, Grants: 2021/41/B/NZ3/03507 and 2019/35/B/NZ4/03547 (to G.E.P.); 2022/44/C/NZ4/00076 (to M.F.H.) and 2019/35/N/NZ3/03213 (to Ł.G.). M.F.H. is a National Agency for Academic Exchange (NAWA) fellow (GA ULM/2019/1/00097/U/00001). K.F. is a Diamond Grant fellow (Ministry of Education and Science GA 0175/DIA/2019/28). The open-access publication of this article was funded by the Priority Research Area BioS under the program "Excellence Initiative - Research University" at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. The authors declare no competing interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- embryonální vývoj fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidová tělíska metabolismus MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oocyty * metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- Ramanova spektroskopie MeSH
- stárnutí metabolismus MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- věk matky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
UNLABELLED: PURPOSE : Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) represents an opportunity to non-invasively investigate cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) flow in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). Studies in recent years have explored the diagnostic and prognostic value of PC-MRI derived parameters. This review aims to identify all PC-MRI studies of iNPH published since 2010, synthesise a review based on collated results, and analyse specific flow parameters identified in the selected studies. METHODS: Our protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO [CRD42020180826]. We systematically searched four databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, Ovid, and Cochrane library to identify all eligible studies. Quality assessment was performed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale [19]. Systematic review was conducted according to Prisma guidelines. A random-effects model was used to perform meta-analysis on the available flow parameters. RESULTS: Eighteen records were identified for inclusion. Five studies were eligible for meta-analysis, representing 107 iNPH patients and 82 controls. CSF flow parameters available for analysis were stroke volume and peak velocity. Both were significantly higher than controls (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.0045 respectively) according to our random-effects analysis, consistent with a model of hyper-dynamic CSF in iNPH. Our systematic review revealed average stroke volumes in iNPH ranging from 43uL to over 200uL. Peak velocity values ranged from 5.9 cm/s to 12.8 cm/s. CONCLUSION: Significant increases in stroke volume and peak velocity values in iNPH patients suggest a place for PC-MRI as supplementary evidence in the diagnostic work-up of iNPH. Although shunting reduces aqueductal stroke volume and peak velocity, the ability of pre-shunt values to reliably predict treatment response remains complicated. We suggest that it may be more appropriate to consider a range of values that reflect varying probabilities of shunt success. We recommend that future studies should prioritise standardising PC-MRI protocols, and before then PC-MRI findings should be considered supportive rather than determinative.
