•In this study, hearts from 72 male Wistar albino rats were divided into two main protocols: a 40 min ischemia group (protocol A, n = 53) and 10 min ischemia group (protocol B, n = 19). Protocol A subdivided into 2 groups as a control group (n = 10) and adrenaline group (n = 43). Protocol B is subdivided into 2 groups as control group (n = 10) and adrenaline group (n = 9). Both adrenaline groups received the same dose of adrenaline.•In protocol A, ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA) incidence was 0 % in controls but rose to 72 % in the adrenaline group (p < 0.01). Heart rates for the control and adrenaline groups in stabilization and reperfusion were 254±45 bpm and 247 ± 66 bpm, versus 277 ± 41 bpm and 651 ± 286 bpm, respectively.•In protocol B, VTA incidence reached 100 % in both groups during reperfusion, with heart rates of 393 ± 29 bpm and 892±227 bpm for controls and 350 ± 49 bpm and 949 ± 116 bpm for the adrenaline group.•These findings suggest that direct adrenaline administration into the heart in last 5 mins of the ischemic period and the 5 mins of in the reperfusion time increases the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias up to 72 % in protocol A. Protocol B hearts showed reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias with 100 % incidence in both groups.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cévní mozková příhoda, infarkt myokardu a plicní embolie představují významnou zdravotní zátěž pro současnou společnost, přičemž jejich hlavní příčinou jsou krevní sraženiny a poškození vnitřní výstelky cév (endotelu). Přesná a rychlá diagnostika těchto sraženin, zejména určení jejich stáří, je klíčová pro optimální volbu léčebného postupu, jako je trombolýza (farmakologické rozpuštění sraženiny) nebo trombektomie (mechanické odstranění sraženiny). Stávající diagnostické metody však nedosahují požadované úrovně přesnosti a efektivity. Tento článek zkoumá potenciál jodovaných nanočástic (IoNP) na bázi polyjodovaných biodegradabilních polymerů, které mohou cíleně vyhledávat specifické složky, jako je fibrin, a umožnit tak vizualizaci krevních sraženin pomocí rentgenových zobrazovacích metod, jako je počítačová tomografie (CT) nebo skiaskopie. Nanočástice mají schopnost nejen zobrazit sraženiny, ale také odhadnout jejich stáří, což by mohlo výrazně podpořit moderní teranostický přístup, který kombinuje diagnostiku a terapii. Článek také demonstruje možnosti testování farmakokinetiky těchto teranostik pomocí modelového organismu (potkana), využívající metodu laserové ablace s hmotnostní spektrometrií s indukčně vázaným plazmatem. Tento přístup přispívá k lepšímu porozumění biodegradability potenciálních léčiv a představuje klíčový krok v preklinickém hodnocení.
Stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism represent a significant health burden for modern society, with their primary causes being blood clots and damage to the endothelial lining of blood vessels. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of these clots, particularly determining their age, is crucial for optimal treatment selection, such as thrombolysis (pharmacological dissolution of the clot) or thrombectomy (mechanical removal of the clot). However, existing diagnostic methods do not achieve the required levels of accuracy and efficiency. This article explores the potential of iodinated nanoparticles (IoNPs) based on polyiodinated biodegradable polymers, which can selectively target specific components such as fibrin, thereby enabling visualization of blood clots using X-ray imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) or fluoroscopy. The nanoparticles have the capability not only to visualize clots but also to estimate their age, which could significantly support a modern theranostic approach that combines diagnosis and therapy. The article also demonstrates the possibilities of testing the pharmacokinetics of these theranostics using a model organism (rat), employing the method of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). This approach contributes to a better understanding of the biodegradability of potential therapeutics and represents a key step in preclinical evaluation.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda diagnostické zobrazování terapie MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- kontrastní látky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanočástice MeSH
- teranostická nanomedicína * metody MeSH
- trombektomie MeSH
- trombolytická terapie MeSH
- trombóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Diseases with the highest burden for society such as stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and others are due to blood clots. Preclinical and clinical techniques to study blood clots are important tools for translational research of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities that target blood clots. In this study, we employed a three-dimensional (3D) printed middle cerebral artery model to image clots under flow conditions using preclinical imaging techniques including fluorescent whole-body imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed X-ray microtomography (microCT). Both liposome-based, fibrin-targeted, and non-targeted contrast agents were proven to provide a sufficient signal for clot imaging within the model under flow conditions. The application of the model for clot targeting studies and thrombolytic studies using preclinical imaging techniques is shown here. For the first time, a novel method of thrombus labeling utilizing barium sulphate (Micropaque®) is presented here as an example of successfully employed contrast agents for in vitro experiments evaluating the time-course of thrombolysis and thus the efficacy of a thrombolytic drug, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). Finally, the proof-of-concept of in vivo clot imaging in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model using barium sulphate-labelled clots is presented, confirming the great potential of such an approach to make experiments comparable between in vitro and in vivo models, finally leading to a reduction in animals needed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíl: Vývoj nových léčiv a léčebných postupů se v současnosti bez zvířecích modelů neobejde. Vzhledem k unikátní komplexnosti CMP je počet modelů ji studujících neobvykle široký. Cílem přehledu je popsat a jednoduše analyzovat spektrum používaných experimentálních modelů a běžně používaných živočišných druhů ve výzkumu CMP. Metody: Publikace byly vyhledány v listopadu 2017 v databázích: PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library a Springer Link pomocí kombinace klíčových slov. U každého modelu CMP byl evidován typ modelu, druh zvířete, jeho pohlaví a věk a byla vyhodnocena četnost výskytu v sledovaných publikačních databázích. Vyloučeny byly nerelevantní publikace a duplicity. Výsledky: Z 26 198 článků bylo dohledáno 3 093 relevantních odkazů, které odpovídaly zadání metodologie. Výsledky byly zpracovány v přehledové tabulce. Závěr: Práce mapuje četnost použití animálních modelů a používaných živočišných druhů v problematice výzkumu CMP.
Aim: The development of new drugs and curative treatments without animal models is currently not possible. Due to the unique complexity of stroke, the number of models studying this is unusually extensive. The aim of the overview is to describe and simply analyse used experimental models and commonly used animal species in research in vascular events. Methods: The publications were searched in November 2017 in databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library and Springer Link by using key word combinations. There was the registered type of model, species of animal, its gender and age of the animal for each stroke model, and there was the registered frequency of occurrence in monitored publication databases. Relevant publications and duplications were not excluded. Results: There were 3,093 relevant links from 26,198 articles, which correspond to the specification of the methodology. The results were processed in an overviewed table. Conclusion: The article maps the frequency of use of animal models and used animal species in the field of stroke research.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * MeSH
- Gerbillinae MeSH
- kočky MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- primáti MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To establish reference intervals for traditionally- and Stewart's approach-determined acid-base parameters in a population of clinically healthy dogs. DESIGN: Prospective study (June 2011-September 2012). SETTING: Veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Two hundred twenty-four client-owned, clinically healthy dogs. INTERVENTIONS: Blood was collected from the jugular vein and the dorsal pedal artery. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In the whole blood samples, pH, PCO2 , and PO2 were measured and HCO3(-) , standard and total bicarbonate, base excess, oxygen content, and alveolar-arterial oxygen differences were calculated. Plasma sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, albumin, and lactate concentrations were measured and the following parameters were calculated separately for venous and arterial samples: anion gap, anion gap corrected for albumin and phosphate, sodium chloride difference and ratio, chloride gap, strong ion difference, strong ion gap, and unmeasured anions. CONCLUSION: Reference intervals for traditionally- and Stewart's approach-determined acid-base parameters were established for venous and arterial blood in dogs.
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha * MeSH
- analýza krevních plynů veterinární MeSH
- chloridy krev MeSH
- draslík krev MeSH
- hydrogenuhličitany krev MeSH
- kyselina mléčná krev MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- psi krev MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi krev MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
The aim of the study was to compare 4 modes of ischaemic cardioprotection using continuous prograde autologous blood perfusion of the coronary artery in two hypothermic modes (group A, B) or conventional protection by cooled Hartmann solution (group C) or cooled saline (group D) without perfusion of the graft. Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were divided into four groups (A–D). In groups A (22–25 °C) and B (4–8 °C), blood perfusion rate was 10 ml/h and the graft was placed in a water bath. Groups C, D were initially rinsed with cold (4–8 °C) Hartmann solution (C) and cold saline solution (D), next the graft was placed in a water bath of cold (4–8 °C) Hartmann solution (C) or saline solution (D). The observed time was 30 min after the implemented perfusion (A, B) or initial rinsing (C, D). At 30 min, hearts of all the groups were perfused for 10 min with prograde-autologous arterialized blood at room temperature. At perfusion minute 10, blood was collected for biochemical analysis (sample 1). Sample 2 involved blood from a portable syringe infusion pumps (in parallel with sample 1). Pairwise test differences between samples 1 and 2 were significant in all the groups as regards creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase values, sampling 1 values being always higher, while cardiac troponin I concentrations were non-significant in the same comparison. The heart rate during the final perfusion was identical in all the groups. Our study has demonstrated that all observed cardioprotection modes are useful for experimental heart grafting.
- MeSH
- hypotermie terapie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- krystaloidní roztoky MeSH
- obnova funkce MeSH
- přežívání štěpu MeSH
- studená ischemie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in hematology and coagulation in rabbits with right-ventricle pacing without medication. ANIMALS AND METHODS: Blood was collected from ten non-anesthetized male rabbits from the jugular vein before and one month after pacemaker placement. Total erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and differential leukocyte count were done on automatic veterinary flow cytometry hematologic analyzer. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, D-dimers and kaolin-activated thromboelastography was measured from citrated blood. RESULTS: We found an increase in red blood cell mass and decrease in platelet count, while coagulation tests did not diff er between samplings. CONCLUSION: Right-ventricle pacing seems to have no influence on hemostasis in rabbits.
- MeSH
- fibrin-fibrinogen - produkty degradace MeSH
- fibrinogen MeSH
- hematokrit * MeSH
- hemoglobiny * MeSH
- hemokoagulace MeSH
- hemostáza * MeSH
- kardiostimulace umělá * MeSH
- kardiostimulátor * MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krevní obraz MeSH
- parciální tromboplastinový čas MeSH
- počet erytrocytů MeSH
- počet leukocytů MeSH
- počet trombocytů MeSH
- protrombinový čas MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- srdeční komory * MeSH
- tromboelastografie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- D-dimery,
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia terapeutické užití MeSH
- Aspirin * farmakologie MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- haptoglobiny účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů MeSH
- kardiostimulace umělá * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- počet leukocytů MeSH
- tromboembolie * diagnóza krev prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vyšetření krevní srážlivosti klasifikace metody MeSH
- zánět krev MeSH
- žilní tromboembolie diagnóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
