Levandule jako rostlina a levandulová silice mají široké spektrum biologických účinků, levandule se v kosmetice a léčivých přípravcích využívá již od dob starého Řecka a Říma. V dnešní době se na trhu vyskytuje nepřeberná škála produktů obsahujících levanduli, ať už jako takovou (levandulový čaj nebo sušenky či jiné pochutiny s květy levandule), případně obsahující levandulovou silici či vodné extrakty levandule (kosmetika, drogerie, potraviny či farmaceutické přípravky). Tato práce se zaměřuje na zjištění obsahu silice, zastoupení těkavých látek a stanovení celkových fenolů a flavonoidů u vzorků levandule lékařské z Levandulového údolí a porovnání výsledků se složením levandulových květů prodávaných jako bylinné čaje v tržní síti České republiky.
Lavender as a herb and the lavender essential oil have a wide range of biological effects. They have been used in cosmetics and medicinal products since the times of ancient Greece and Rome. Nowadays, there is a wide range of products containing lavender on the market, either as such (lavender tea or biscuits or other snacks with lavender flowers) or containing lavender essential oil or aqueous solutions of lavender (cosmetics, drugstore goods, food or pharmaceutical preparations). This work focuses on the determination of the essential oil content, the representation of volatile substances and the determination of total phenols and flavonoids in samples of medicinal lavender from the Levandulové údolí and bought in the Czech shops.
- MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza MeSH
- levandule * chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oleje prchavé analýza MeSH
- spektrofotometrie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stressors, including drought stress, that are fatal to their growth and ability to produce under natural conditions. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the drought tolerance potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants under the co-application of biochar and rhizobacteria, Cellulomonas pakistanensis (National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP)11) and Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246). The experiment was initiated by sowing the inoculated seeds with the aforementioned rhizobacterial strains in earthen pots filled with 3 kg of sand-mixed soil and 5% biochar. The morphology of biochar was observed with highly porous nature, along with the detection of various essential elements. The biochemical and physiological data showed that phenolic compounds and osmolytes were adversely affected by the induction of drought stress. However, the application of biochar and rhizobacteria boosted the level of flavonoids on average by 52.03%, total phenols by 50.67%, soluble sugar by 82.85%, proline by 76.81%, glycine betaine by 107.25%, and total protein contents by 89.18% in all co-treatments of biochar and rhizobacteria. In addition, stress indicator compounds, including malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and H2O2, were remarkably alleviated by 54.21% and 47.03%, respectively. Similarly, the amplitude of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase was also enhanced by 63.80%, 80.95%, 37.87%, and 58.20%, respectively, in all co-treatments of rhizobacteria and biochar. Conclusively, biochar and rhizobacteria have a magnificent role in enhancing the drought tolerance potential of crop plants by boosting the physio-biochemical traits and enhancing the level of antioxidant enzymes.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia metabolismus MeSH
- dřevěné a živočišné uhlí * chemie MeSH
- fenoly metabolismus MeSH
- flavonoidy metabolismus analýza MeSH
- fyziologický stres * MeSH
- kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- malondialdehyd metabolismus MeSH
- období sucha * MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
- Vicia faba * mikrobiologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza MeSH
- čekanka obecná chemie MeSH
- fenoly analýza chemie MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza MeSH
- Hemerocallis chemie MeSH
- jedlé rostliny * chemie MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
- květy * chemie MeSH
- kyselina askorbová analýza MeSH
- quercetin analýza MeSH
- Tagetes chemie MeSH
- Viola chemie MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
Xanthohumol is a hop-derived flavonoid that has been widely examined for its health-protecting and antitumorigenic properties, but not yet in a natural beer matrix. The aim of the study was to investigate the antitumorigenic potential of a xanthohumol-enriched beer in vivo. Four groups of 4 × 10 nude mice were formed. Following the injection of HeLa tumorigenic cell lines, the treatment groups were administered a xanthohumol supplementation for 100 days, either dissolved in beer or in an ethanolic solution with the same alcohol strength as beer. The control groups received un-supplemented material. The terminal tumor masses, liver weights, and plasma antioxidant capacities (FRAP and ABTS methods) were measured. For the statistical analysis, a two-way ANOVA test was performed (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in tumor size between the groups. Xanthohumol did not induce higher levels of plasma antioxidant capacity, neither in beer nor in the water-ethanol matrix. The terminal liver weights were significantly higher in the control group receiving the unsupplemented ethanol solution. Xanthohumol dissolved in beer or in the water-alcohol matrix did not have a protective effect on tumor growth, nor did it have a positive effect on plasma antioxidant capacity either. However, beer with added xanthohumol had a less harmful effect on the liver compared to the supplemented water-ethanol solution. Our results indicate the possible negative countereffect of ethanol; however, further investigations are needed.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * farmakologie analýza MeSH
- ethanol analýza MeSH
- flavonoidy farmakologie analýza MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši nahé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- pivo analýza MeSH
- propiofenony * farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- diosmin terapeutické užití MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfatické nemoci * diagnóza farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- lymfedém diagnóza farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- proteasy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Medicinal plants have been exploited for therapeutic purposes since the dawn of civilization and have long been acknowledged essential to human health. The purpose of this research is to examine the scientific evidence for using the therapeutic herbal plants Thalictrum foliolosum DC. and Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. to treat hepatitis illness. The fundamental explanation for the therapeutic relevance of these plants is phytochemicals, which were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively in three separate extracts with different solvent properties (methanol-polar, chloroform-non-polar, and aqueous-polar as one of the bases of traditional use). Flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids were all evaluated for their presence in plant extracts, and it was observed that methanolic extract had the highest content of phytochemicals among different extracts whereas, the aqueous extract showed least amount of phytochemicals. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of these plants was also evaluated and methanolic extract was revealed with potential antioxidant activity, as also evidenced by the lowest half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the DPPH, ABTS, and high %inhibition in μM Fe equivalent of FRAP assays. Following that, the dominant phytochemicals were investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography from the selected plants. Furthermore, default docking algorithms were used to appraise the dominant phytoconstituents for their in-silico investigation, in which rutin was found with the highest binding affinity (8.2 kcal/mol) and interaction with receptor which is further involved in causing jaundice. The receptor is infact an enzyme that is sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase Leptospira interrogans (PDB: 5EBB) which is holded back in its position by rutin and do not interact with Leptospira inferrogans spp which causes jaundice. Overall, the study suggested that these herbs have significant therapeutic properties, and their in-silico analysis strongly recommends further clinical investigations to get insight into the mechanisms of action in curing variety of diseases.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie analýza MeSH
- Cordia * MeSH
- flavonoidy farmakologie analýza MeSH
- fytonutrienty analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- rutin MeSH
- simulace molekulární dynamiky MeSH
- Thalictrum * MeSH
- žloutenka * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Příspěvek upozorňuje na korelace mezi výsledky instrumentálního měření barevnosti a obsahem některých biologicky aktivních organických látek (zejména fenolů a flavonoidů) v medu. Dostatečně těsné korelace mohou vést k vývoji postupů pro rychlé stanovení obsahu těchto látek v medu měřením barevnosti bez nutnosti náročnější úpravy vzorků.
This paper highlights the correlations between instrumental measurements of colour and the content of some biologically active organic compounds (especially phenolics and flavonoids) in honey. Sufficiently close correlations may lead to the development of procedures for rapid determination of the content of these substances in honey by colour measurement without the need for more demanding sample preparation.
- Klíčová slova
- biologicky aktivní látky,
- MeSH
- barva MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- med * analýza MeSH
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Paulownia tomentosa Steud., a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, was used for many centuries in Chinese herbal medicine as a component of remedies for many illnesses, including inflammatory diseases. It is a rich source of phenolic compounds, mainly geranylated flavonoids, which are currently studied for their promising biological activities. AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aimed to isolate minor geranylated flavanones and flavones from P. tomentosa fruit and evaluate their cytotoxicity and possible anti-inflammatory effects in a cell-based model of inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chromatographic separation of chloroform portion of the ethanolic extract of P. tomentosa fruit led to the isolation of twenty-seven flavonoids (1-27), twenty-six of them geranylated with different modifications and one non-geranylated flavanone, and two phenolic compounds. Compounds were identified using UV, IR, HRMS, NMR, and CD spectroscopy. Ten of these compounds (7-10, 12, 21, 22, 24, 25, and 27) were determined to be new flavonoid derivatives obtained from a natural source for the first time. Selected compounds were analyzed for cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory potential to affect the activation of nuclear factor κB/activator protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. RESULTS: All the test compounds (1-21 and 23-26) reduced the activation of NF-κB/AP-1 24 h after the addition of LPS. Eight compounds (5, 14-18, 21, and 26) were more active than prednisone, a widely used anti-inflammatory drug. However, this effect was not seen significantly on the level of TNF-α and IL-1β, which can be explained by the plurality of possible outcomes of activation of the NF-κB pathway in cells. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the presented study confirmed that constituents from traditional Chinese medicinal plant P. tomentosa Steud. have promising anti-inflammatory activities and can serve as a potential source of inspiration for new anti-inflammatory medications.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika chemie MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza MeSH
- hluchavkotvaré * MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * metabolismus MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy farmakologie MeSH
- NF-kappa B metabolismus MeSH
- ovoce chemie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty analýza farmakologie MeSH
- transkripční faktor AP-1 metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Sulfation is an important reaction in nature, and sulfated phenolic compounds are of interest as standards of mammalian phase II metabolites or pro-drugs. Such standards can be prepared using chemoenzymatic methods with aryl sulfotransferases. The aim of the present work was to obtain a large library of sulfated phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and flavonolignans and optimize their HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis. Four new sulfates of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, catechol, 4-methylcatechol, and phloroglucinol were prepared and fully characterized using MS (mass spectrometry), 1H, and 13C NMR. The separation was investigated using HPLC with PDA (photodiode-array) detection and a total of 38 standards of phenolics and their sulfates. Different stationary (monolithic C18, C18 Polar, pentafluorophenyl, ZICpHILIC) and mobile phases with or without ammonium acetate buffer were compared. The separation results were strongly dependent on the pH and buffer capacity of the mobile phase. The developed robust HPLC method is suitable for the separation of enzymatic sulfation reaction mixtures of flavonoids, flavonolignans, 2,3-dehydroflavonolignans, phenolic acids, and phenols with PDA detection. Moreover, the method is directly applicable in conjunction with mass detection due to the low flow rate and the absence of phosphate buffer and/or ion-pairing reagents in the mobile phase.
Honey consumption is attributed to potentially advantageous effects on human health due to its antioxidant capacity as well as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, which are mainly related to phenolic compound content. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites of plants, and their content in honey is primarily affected by the botanical and geographical origin. In this study, a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was applied to determine the phenolic profile of various honey matrices and investigate authenticity markers. A fruitful sample set was collected, including honey from 10 different botanical sources (n = 51) originating from Greece and Poland. Generic liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate as the extractant was used to apply targeted and non-targeted workflows simultaneously. The method was fully validated according to the Eurachem guidelines, and it demonstrated high accuracy, precision, and sensitivity resulting in the detection of 11 target analytes in the samples. Suspect screening identified 16 bioactive compounds in at least one sample, with abscisic acid isomers being the most abundant in arbutus honey. Importantly, 10 markers related to honey geographical origin were revealed through non-targeted screening and the application of advanced chemometric tools. In conclusion, authenticity markers and discrimination patterns were emerged using targeted and non-targeted workflows, indicating the impact of this study on food authenticity and metabolomic fields.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- benzaldehydy analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- cinnamáty analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- hydroxybenzoáty analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- med analýza MeSH
- metabolom * MeSH
- metabolomika metody MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- správnost dat MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Polsko MeSH
- Řecko MeSH
