Fototerapie je moderní léčebná metoda, která využívá nejpřirozenější zdroj energie - světlo. Její závislost na meteorologických podmínkách vedla k využívání umělých zdrojů světla. Posledních dvacet let uplynulého století je fototerapie ve znamení laseru. Laser má základní fyzikální vlastnosti, které jej charakterizují a odlišují od jiného světelného záření. Záření je monochromatické, polarizované, koherentní a kolimované. Zatímco dříve jsme předpokládali přímý účinek laseru na ozařovanou tkáň, dnes se stále více přikláníme k představě, že mechanizmus účinku laseru má obdobný charakter. jaký je popsán u ionizujícího záření (bystander efekt). Lasery rozdělujeme podle jejich výkonu na terapeutické a chirurgické. U terapeutických laserů si ceníme jejich analgetického, stimulačního a protizánětlivého efektu. Rozvoj techniky posledních let umožnil, že dnes má zdravotnictví k dispozici kvalitní terapeutické lasery, které lze z pohleedu ošetřovatelství využívat jak ve zdravotnických zařízeních, tak v domovech se sociální péčí a při dodržení předepsaných hygienických předpisů při „home care". Vhodných indikací je celá řada, ať již při postižení pohybového aparátu, v dermatologii, v ORL, ve stomatologii či v gynekologii a v porodnictví. Existují některé absolutní kontraindikace (ozařování maligního nádoru, štítné žlázy při její hyperfunkci či očního pozadí). v posledních letech se objevují na našem trhu jako alternativy k terapeutickým laserům zdroje polarizovaného světla. Protože bývají nabízeny i do zdravotnických a sociálních zařízení, je na místě jejich srovnání s laserem. Polarizované světlo je možné využívat u některých z indikací, které doporučujeme pro neinvazivní laseroterapii. Je třeba počítat s delší dobou aplikace a s větším počtem aplikací. Oproti terapeutickému laseru má polarizované světlo menší počet kontraindikací, příkladem může být možnost ozařování břicha u těhotných žen k prevenci pajizévek (strií). Pro ošetřovatelskou péči vidíme možnosti využití polarizovaného světla zejména ke snížení bolesti (například u artrotických kloubů) nebo k prevenci proleženin. Každý zdravotnický pracovník, který pracuje s terapeutickým laserem, by měl absolvovat specializované Školení, které dnes poskytuje Institut pro další vzdělávání ve zdravotnictví ve spolupráci se Společností pro radiobiologii a krizové plánování České lékařské společnosti Jana Evangelisty Purkyně.

Phototherapy belongs to modem therapeutic methods, which uses most natural source of energy - the light. Its dependence on meteorologie conditions leads to artificial light sources utilization. The last twenty years of foregoing century the phototherapy is in „Laser-signature". Laser has three fundamental physical features, that characterize and distinguish him from another light radiation. Radiation is monochromatic, polarized and coherent. Whereas we previously presupposed the direct laser effect on irradiated tissue, we move today toward the view that the mechanism of laser effect has the same character as ionising radiation (bystander effect). Lasers are divided according their power in therapeutic and surgical. Therapeutic lasers are used for their analgetic, stimulative and anti-inflammatory effects. Technical development in the last years made it posible that the health service disposed with therapeutic lasers of highquality that can be used from the view of nursing service as well as in health facilities so in rest homes with social care and also in „home care" by the observance of hygienic prescriptions. There is a serie of suitable indications namely by involvement of locomotive apparatus, in dermatology, dNU, stomatology or gynaecology and obstetrics. There are some absolute contra-indications (irradiation of malignant tumours, thyroid gland by its hypertrophy or eye ground). Sources of polarized light appear in last years on our market as an alternative to therapeutic lasers. Because they are offered also to our health and social facilities, it appears reasonable to compare them with lasers. The polarized light can be used by some indications recommended also for non-invasive laser-therapy. But polarized light therapy requires longer time of application and more number of applications. Polarized light compared to therapeutic laser has lesser contra-indications, for instance the possibility of abdomen irradiation by striae of pregnants. Polarized light therapy in nursing care is above all reasonable for pain decrease (by arthrotic jonts) or for decubitus prevention. Everybody, who worked with therapeutic laser apparatus should be specially trained. Specialization courses are organized by Institute for Further Education in Health Service in cooperation with Company for Radiobioloev And Emergency Planning of the Czech Medical Company of J.E. Purkynje.

• MeSH
• Phototherapy methods   utilization   MeSH
• Skin Diseases MeSH
• Low-Level Light Therapy methods   utilization   MeSH
• Musculoskeletal Diseases MeSH
• Relative Biological Effectiveness MeSH
• Oral Medicine MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

BACKGROUND: The paper deals with joint analysis of fMRI and scalp EEG data, simultaneously acquired during event-related oddball experiment. The analysis is based on deriving temporal sequences of EEG powers in individual frequency bands for the selected EEG electrodes and using them as regressors in the general linear model (GLM). NEW METHOD: Given the infrequent use of EEG spectral changes to explore task-related variability, we focused on the aspects of parameter setting during EEG regressor calculation and searched for such parameters that can detect task-related variability in EEG-fMRI data. We proposed a novel method that uses relative EEG power in GLM. RESULTS: Parameter, the type of power value, has a direct impact as to whether task-related variability is detected or not. For relative power, the final results are sensitive to the choice of frequency band of interest. The electrode selection also has certain impact; however, the impact is not crucial. It is insensitive to the choice of EEG power series temporal weighting step. Relative EEG power characterizes the experimental task activity better than the absolute power. Absolute EEG power contains broad spectrum component. Task-related relative power spectral formulas were derived. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: For particular set of parameters, our results are consistent with previously published papers. Our work expands current knowledge by new findings in spectral patterns of different brain processes related to the experimental task. CONCLUSIONS: To make analysis to be sensitive to task-related variability, the parameters type of power value and frequency band should be set properly.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Electroencephalography MeSH
• Oxygen MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Brain Mapping * MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Brain blood supply   physiology   MeSH
• Brain Waves physiology   MeSH
• Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Spectrum Analysis * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

(1) Background: The objective of the study was to check the relationship between laterality, amount of muscle mass (MM), and selected strength parameters on lower extremities and assessment of asymmetry like a result of training. (2) Methods: The screened sample consisted of soccer players (n = 65, age = 16.0 ± 1.2 years). The legs were assessed for MM, height of reflection on a force plate, and power over 30 s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). The relationships between the individual parameters and age dependence were assessed using a correlation analysis. The differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg were assessed using the t-test. (3) Results: A relationship between the jump height and the mean 30 s power in WAnT (r = 0.375, p ˂ 0.01) and between the amount of MM and the absolute power of the individual legs in WAnT (r = 0.695-0.832, p ˂ 0.01) was proved. A relationship between the take-off force and the MM, or between the MM and the relative power during a velocity force load was not found. (4) Conclusions: The amount of MM in young soccer players does not affect take-off force or strength power in WAnT. The more specific the movement is, the lower the effect on the achieved power output of the concerned MM. Differences in the performance between the dominant and non-dominant leg decrease with duration of the training.

• MeSH
• Leg MeSH
• Lower Extremity MeSH
• Soccer * physiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Muscle Strength MeSH
• Exercise Test MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

This paper is concerned with favourable levels of constitutional cardio-vascular health indicators during childhood and adolescence. A cross-sectional randomised sample of healthy Czechoslovakian children was investigated, because this population is habituated to a favourable life style. Twenty girls and 20 boys at ages 8, 12 and 16 years were recruited to the study. Statistical data for means and standard deviations are presented with regard to maximal aerobic power, haemodynamic variables such as arterial blood pressure, heart rate at submaximal and maximal muscular exercise, body fat content, blood lipids including total cholesterol and its fractions, high- and low-density lipo-proteins, fasting triglycerides and the apo-lipo-protein profile. The maximal oxygen uptake in absolute values increased with age in both sexes and the boys appeared to average higher than the girls at each age. When maximal aerobic power was expressed on a total body weight basis, boys appeared to average higher at age 16 years (56 ml X min-1 X kg-1) than girls (45.8 ml X min-1 X kg-1). The highest recorded heart rate for ergometric work averaged close to 200 min-1 in both sexes with no significant age differences. The diastolic blood pressure at rest did not change significantly with age or sex. Serum cholesterol levels were found to decrease significantly after puberty in boys (post-pubertal dip), but in the girls there was found no systematic change in mean values with age. When HDL was expressed as a percentage of total cholesterol there appeared to be no differences related to age and sex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

• MeSH
• Cholesterol blood   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Respiration MeSH
• Hemodynamics * MeSH
• Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control   MeSH
• Smoking MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Risk MeSH
• Body Composition MeSH
• Body Constitution * MeSH
• Physical Exertion MeSH
• Life Style MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czechoslovakia MeSH

Increased blood pressure variability (BPV) and decreased interbeat interval (heart rate, respectively) variability (IBIV, HRV respectively) are associated with cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of BPV and IBIV (HRV) in young healthy individuals. Blood pressure and inter-beat intervals (instantaneous values of heart rate, respectively) were recorded beat-to-beat at rest (5 min, Finapres, breathing at 0.33 Hz) in 152 subjects (19-24 years) 3 times in periods of one week. Systolic (SBPV0.1r/SBPV0.1a) and diastolic (DBPV0.1r/DBPV0.1a) blood pressure variability in relative (r.u.) and absolute (mmHg2/Hz) units and inter-beat interval (IBIV0.1r/IBIV0.1a,), or heart rate (HRV0.1r/HRV0.1a) variability in relative (r.u.) and absolute (ms2/Hz, resp. mHz2) units were determined by the spectral method as spectral power at the frequency of 0.1 Hz and 0.33 Hz (SBPV0.33r/SBPV0.33a, DBPV0.33r/DBPV0.33a, IBIV0.33r/IBIV0.33a, HRV0.33r/HRV0.33a). All indices of BPV and IBIV (resp. HRV) revealed a lower intraindividual than interindividual variability (ANOVA; p<0.001). The mean values of all indices in each subject significantly correlated with distribution of individual values in the same subject (Pearson's correlation coefficient; p<0.001). Blood pressure and inter-beat interval (heart rate) variability is an individual characteristic feature.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Fourier Analysis MeSH
• Blood Pressure MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Blood Pressure Determination methods   MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Reference Values MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Heart Rate MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH

At present, analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is becoming widely used as a clinical or research tool. Supported reliability studies for HRV measurement are, however, still limited. The main purpose was to perform an assessment of the absolute and relative reliability of HRV parameters from short-term recordings by means of orthoclinostatic stimulation and to investigate, whether there is a difference in repeating the retest immediately or after several days. The study group consisted of 99 participants (mean age 22 ± 1.24 years). Standard HRV indexes were computed: PT (total spectral power), PHF (high frequency spectral power), PLF (low frequency spectral power) and LF/HF. Absolute reliability was assessed by the standard error of measurement and 95% limits of agreement; relative reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient. There was also an estimate of the sample size needed to detect the mean difference ≥ 30% of the between-subject standard deviation. In conclusion, a large random variation (within individuals) of HRV parameters was revealed, regardless of whether the retest was repeated immediately or with an interruption. For most HRV parameters (particularly in the immediately repeated test-retest), however, random variation represents a limited portion of the between-subject variability.

• MeSH
• Analysis of Variance MeSH
• Circadian Rhythm * MeSH
• Electrocardiography MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Posture physiology   MeSH
• Reference Values MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Heart Rate physiology   MeSH
• Sample Size MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

This study evaluates the anatomical profiles, jump, sprint, power outputs, endurance, and peak blood lactate levels ([LA]peak) of handball players of two age groups-U17 (n = 77) and U19 (n = 46)-and analyses the role of training in their physical abilities. Vertical jump performance was determined by counter movement jump (CMJ) and counter movement jump with free arms (CMJFA) tests. A running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) determined the relative power output (watts/kg body weight) and absolute power output (watts) of the players. Sprint performance over 5 m, 10 m, and 30 m distances was evaluated. An incremental shuttle run test (40 m) was designed to determine aerobic threshold (AeT), anaerobic threshold (AnT), and [LA]peak. All parameters were measured for pivots, wingers, backs, and goalkeepers of each group. The U19 players were significantly heavier than the U17 group, but both the groups were nearly equal in height. The U19 group jumped higher than the U17 members, although the only significant difference (p = 0.032) was observed between the wingers of the groups in CMJ. Sprint performance varied marginally between the groups and only U19 pivots were found to be significantly (for distances of 5, 10, and 30 m: p = 0.047, p = 0.018, and p = 0.021, respectively) faster than U17 pivots. No difference in relative power output between the groups was noted, although the U19 players recorded higher absolute power outputs. Maximal velocity and velocities at the AeT and AnT were almost similar in the groups. Distance covered by the groups at the intensities of AeT and AnT varied only little. Higher [LA]peak was observed in the U19 players. U19 players failed to convert their superior power into speed and jump. The training pattern of the handball players needs to be revised so that U19 players may develop faster and be more enduring than the U17 group.

• MeSH
• Anaerobic Threshold MeSH
• Basketball physiology   MeSH
• Running physiology   MeSH
• Physical Endurance physiology   MeSH
• Lactic Acid blood   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Movement MeSH
• Schools MeSH
• Athletic Performance physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

Východisko. Nízká úroveňa erobní zdatnosti spolu s vysokým podílem tělesného tuku jsou významnými rizikovými faktory kardiorespiračních onemocnění a diabetu 2. typu. Není dosud zcela jasné, zda působení těchto faktorů je vzájemně ovlivněno, nebo zda působí odděleně, nezávisle na sobě. Cílem práce bylo posouzení vztahů vybraných ukazatelů tělesného složení a aerobní zdatnosti skupiny obézních žen. Metody a výsledky. Skupině 31 obézních žen rozdílného věku (25–54 let) bylo měřeno procento tělesného tuku pomocí metody duální rentgenové absorpciometrie (rozmezí 40,8–58,8 % tuku). Pomocí bioimpedanční metody byl stanoven podíl buněčné a mimobuněčné tukuprosté hmoty. Zátěžovým testem na bicykloergometru byl zjišťován maximální tělesný výkon a maximální spotřeba kyslíku (VO2max) obézních žen. Průměrné hodnoty VO2max vyšetřované skupiny byly 2,09±0,38 l.min-1, resp. 22,82±3,79 ml.min-1 kg-1, resp. 44,05±7,03 ml.min-1.kg-1 tukuprosté hmoty. Byla nalezena významná pozitivní závislost absolutní VO2max na tělesné hmotnosti (R=0,4758; P<0,01), naBMI (R=0,5004; P<0,01) a namnožství tukuprosté a buněčné hmoty (R=0,5138; P<0,01, resp. R=0,4983; P<0,01). Nebyla nalezena významná závislost VO2max na kg hmotnosti na množství tělesného tuku. Závěry.Aerobní zdatnost vyjádřená pomocímaximální kyslíkové spotřeby na kg hmotnosti není významně ovlivněna podílem tělesného tuku obézních žen. Množství buněčné tukuprosté hmoty obézních žen má výrazný vztah k jejich aerobní zdatnosti, vyjádřené absolutní maximální kyslíkovou spotřebou.

Background. Both the high body fatness and low aerobic fitness have been shown to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. It is still unclear, whether these factors are related to each other or if they are independent risk factors. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of body composition on aspects of aerobic fitness in obese women. Methods and Results. Relative body fat was measured in a group of 31 obese women differing in age (25-54 years) by dual energy X-ray absorbtiometry (DEXA), in range of 40,8-58,8% of the body fat. Intracellular and extracellular fractions of the fat free mass were assessed by bioimpedance analysis. Maximal power output and maximal oxygen consumptionweremeasured by stepwise load test on bicycle ergometer.Mean values of absolute and relativeVO2max expressed per kg bodymass and per kg fat-freemasswere 2,09±0,38 l.min-1, 22,82±3,79ml.min-1 kg-1, and 44,05±7,03 ml.min-1.kg-1, respectively. Absolute VO2max was positively related to body weight (R=0,4758; P<0,01), BMI (R=0,5004; P<0,01), fat-free mass (R=0,5138; P<0,01) and body cell mass (R=0,4983; P<0,01). No significant dependence of relative VO2max per kg body mass on the body fat was identified. Conclusions. Aerobic fitness, expressed by relative maximal oxygen consumption per kg of body weight, is not influenced by the percent of body fat in obese women. Body cellmass ismarkedly related to aerobic fitness, expressed by absolute maximal oxygen consumption in obese women.

• MeSH
• Anthropology, Physical methods   MeSH
• Ergometry methods   utilization   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Obesity physiopathology   MeSH
• Oxygen Consumption physiology   MeSH
• Physical Fitness MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH

Provozování pohybových aktivit a sportu významně ovlivňuje kvalitu života; u osob s míšní lézí jsou pohybové aktivity postižením výrazně limitovány, ale na druhé straně pohybové aktivity přispívají k udržování i rozvoji funkcí organismu. Cílem studie bylo posoudit funkční profil, resp. tělesné složení, plicní funkce, krevní tlak a ukazatele aerobní kapacity u rekreačně sportujících paraplegiků a tetraplegiků – mužů (n = 56) a žen (n = 18) a porovnat rozdíly ve funkčních ukazatelích u jedinců zařazených dle výše míšní léze mezi tetraplegiky (s lézí segmentů C 5 –C 8 ) a paraplegiky s vyšším (Th 1 –Th 10 ) a nižším (Th 11 –S 5 ) typem míšního postižení. Úroveň aerobní kapacity byla stanovena stupňo - vaným maximálním testem synchronní práce na klikovém ergometru pracujícím ve frek - venčně nezávislém režimu. Rozdíly mezi jednotlivými skupinami byly prokázány v absolutních i relativních hodnotách spirometrických ukazatelů, vrcholového ergometrického výkonu (Ppeak), vrcholové spotřeby kyslíku (VO 2 peak), vrcholové minutové ventilace a dechového objemu. V řadě funkčních ukazatelů se skupiny paraplegiků s vyšším a nižším typem míšního postižení významně nelišily, ale skupina tetraplegiků vykazovala výrazně nízké hodnoty řady kardiorespiračních ukazatelů, významně (p < 0,05) nižší než u obou skupin paraplegiků. Uvedené tři skupiny se ale navzájem nelišily v rela - tivních ukazatelích úrovně ventilačního anaerobního prahu (% VO 2 peak, % Ppeak a % SFpeak). Výsledky průřezového šetření potvrzují předpoklad významné závislosti funkční kapacity na výši míšní léze a zároveň poskytují podklady pro srovnávací studie u osob s míšní lézí různého typu.

Physical activities and sports may alter positively quality of life; this statement has specific dimensions physically disabled populations; in wheelchair-dependent individuals with medulla lesion the motor activities are roughly limited, on the other side, however, physical activities may contribute to the maintenance and development of the function of the organism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional profile, namely body composition, pulmonary function, blood pressure and aerobic capacity indices in active recreationally sporting tetraplegics and paraplegics – males (n = 56) and females (n = 18) and compare the differences in functional indices in individuals classified according to the height of the lesion level into tetraplegics (lesion of segments C 5 –C 8 ) and “higher” paraplegics (height of lesion level Th 1 –Th 10 ) and “lower” paraplegics (height of lesion level Th 11 –S 5 ). All the subjects were tested by stepwise maximum arm-cranking ergometry, in a synchronous mode, using a frequency independent electromagnetic ergometer. The differences between the groups were revealed both in absolute and in relative values of pulmonary function indices, peak power output, peak oxygen consumption, peak minute ventilation and tidal volume. In many functional indices, there were not significant differences between the group of “higher” and “lower” paraplegics, the group of tetraplegics, however, had demonstrated very low values of many cardio-respiratory indices, significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in bothgroups of paraplegics. The three groups were not different as regards the relative indices of ventilatory anaerobic threshold (% VO 2 peak, % peak power and % of peak heart rate). The results of the cross-sectional study had confirmed the assumption of the significant dependence of functional capacity on the height of the lesion level, and in addition, they may serve as comparative values for evaluation of performance capacity in men and women with the different height of medullar lesion level.

• Keywords
• tetraplegie, tělesné složení, plicní funkce, aerobní kapacita, fyzická aktivita tělesně postižených,
• MeSH
• Anthropometry MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Quadriplegia * MeSH
• Quality of Life MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Monitoring, Physiologic methods   MeSH
• Paraplegia * MeSH
• Motor Activity physiology   MeSH
• Spinal Cord Injuries MeSH
• Body Composition MeSH
• Physical Fitness * physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) death rates have fallen across most of Europe in recent decades. However, substantial risk factor reductions have not been achieved across all Europe. Our aim was to quantify the potential impact of future policy scenarios on diet and lifestyle on CHD mortality in 9 European countries. METHODS: We updated the previously validated IMPACT CHD models in 9 European countries and extended them to 2010-11 (the baseline year) to predict reductions in CHD mortality to 2020(ages 25-74years). We compared three scenarios: conservative, intermediate and optimistic on smoking prevalence (absolute decreases of 5%, 10% and 15%); saturated fat intake (1%, 2% and 3% absolute decreases in % energy intake, replaced by unsaturated fats); salt (relative decreases of 10%, 20% and 30%), and physical inactivity (absolute decreases of 5%, 10% and 15%). Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Under the conservative, intermediate and optimistic scenarios, we estimated 10.8% (95% CI: 7.3-14.0), 20.7% (95% CI: 15.6-25.2) and 29.1% (95% CI: 22.6-35.0) fewer CHD deaths in 2020. For the optimistic scenario, 15% absolute reductions in smoking could decrease CHD deaths by 8.9%-11.6%, Salt intake relative reductions of 30% by approximately 5.9-8.9%; 3% reductions in saturated fat intake by 6.3-7.5%, and 15% absolute increases in physical activity by 3.7-5.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Modest and feasible policy-based reductions in cardiovascular risk factors (already been achieved in some other countries) could translate into substantial reductions in future CHD deaths across Europe. However, this would require the European Union to more effectively implement powerful evidence-based prevention policies.

• MeSH
• Dietary Fats * adverse effects   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Cardiovascular Diseases diet therapy   mortality   prevention & control   MeSH
• Smoking adverse effects   mortality   trends   MeSH
• Sodium Chloride, Dietary * adverse effects   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mortality trends   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Feeding Behavior MeSH
• Models, Theoretical * MeSH
• Life Style * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH