Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Gregušová A, Klézl P, Grill R. Vzácné komplikace po intravezikálních aplikacích Bacillus‐Calmette Guérin (BCG) vakcíny. Úvod: Léčba Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) vakcínou je zlatým standardem terapie vysoce rizikového sval‐neinvadujícího uroteliálního karcinomu močového měchýře. Mezi nejčastější komplikace po aplikacích BCG patří hematurie a příznaky infekce dolních močových cest. Vzácně může dojít i k systémovým příznakům ve smyslu horeček či BCG sepse. Od roku 2020 byla BCG vakcína aplikována na našem pracovišti 66 pacientům, z toho u 6 pacientů komplikace vyžadovaly ukončení instilací. V tomto článku prezentujeme dvě vzácné komplikace terapie BCG vakcínou - BCG sepsi a vznik tuberkulózního abscesu prostaty. Popis případů: Pacient 1 - sedmdesátiletý pacient s pT1 high grade (HG) tumorem měchýře rozvinul po 5. dávce úvodní série neklesající horečky, v laboratorním nálezu byla přítomná elevace jaterních testů, na doplněném CT vyšetření ložiska plic oboustranně. Byla zahájená antibiotická léčba, na které se stav pacienta velmi pomalu zlepšil. Pacient 2 - sedmdesátiletý pacient s pT1HG tumorem měchýře (po instilační léčbě), v rámci sledování byl doplněn odběr PSA - 8,9, následně byla provedena magnetická rezonance s nálezem suspektních PI‐RADS (prostate imaging reporting and data systém) 4 a 5 ložisek. Histologicky byla z biopsie potvrzena kaseózní nekróza, PCR test na Mycobacterium tuberculosis byl pozitivní. Pacient je nyní léčen antituberkulotiky. Závěr: Nejčastější komplikace léčby BCG vakcínou jsou příznaky dysfunkce dolních cest močových (lower urinary tract symptoms, LUTS) a infekce dolních cest močových, vzácně se mohou objevit i systémové komplikace vyžadující ukončení léčby.
Gregušová A, Klézl P, Grill R. Rare complications post intravesical application of Bacillus-Calmette Guérin (BGG) vaccine. Introduction: BCG vaccine treatment is the gold standard for high-risk non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer. The most common complications after BCG treatment are hematuria and symptoms of lower urinary tract infection. Rarely, systemic symptoms occur such as fever or BCG sepsis. As of 2020, the vaccine was administered at our department to 66 patients, of which 6 patients had complications that required interruption of instillations. In this article, we report two rare complications of BCG vaccine therapy - BCG sepsis and the development of a tuberculous prostate abscess. Description of cases: Patient 1 - A 70-year-old patient with a pT1HG bladder tumor developed fever after the 5th dose of the initial course, elevated liver function tests and bilateral lung lesions were present on CT scan. Antituberculosis treatment was started, after which the patient's condition improved very slowly. Patient 2 - A 70-year-old patient with a pT1HG bladder tumor had a post-BCG, PSA level was 8.9 so we performed a MRI of a prostatae, which showed a suspicious PIRADS 4 and 5 lesion. Caseous necrosis was confirmed histologically from the biopsy, the PCR test for M. tuberculosis was positive. The patient is now being treated with antituberculotic drugs. Conclusion: The most common complications of BCG vaccine treatment are lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and lower urinary tract infections; rarely, systemic complications requiring treatment discontinuation may occur.
- MeSH
- BCG vakcína * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře * farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tuberkulóza etiologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Clinical infectious diseases, ISSN 1058-4838 vol. 31, suppl. 3, September 2000
S59-S121 s. : tab., grafy ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- antituberkulotika MeSH
- BCG vakcína terapeutické užití MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře terapie MeSH
- tuberkulóza terapie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- infekční lékařství
- MeSH
- aplikace intravezikální MeSH
- BCG vakcína terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium bovis * MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- komentáře MeSH
- úvodníky MeSH
BACKGROUND: The existence and prognosis of T1LG (T1 low-grade) bladder cancer is controversial. Also, because of data paucity, it remains unclear what is the clinical history of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treated T1LG tumors and if it differs from other NMIBC (non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer) representatives. The aim of this study was to analyse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with T1LG bladder cancers treated with BCG immunotherapy. METHODS: A multi-institutional and retrospective study of 2510 patients with Ta/T1 NMIBC with or without carcinoma in situ (CIS) treated with BCG (205 T1LG patients) was performed. Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank test for RFS and PFS to compare the survival between TaLG, TaHG, T1LG, and T1HG NMIBC were used. Also, T1LG tumors were categorized into EAU2021 risk groups and PFS analysis was performed, and Cox multivariate model for both RFS and PFS were constructed. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 52 months. For the T1LG cohort, the estimated RFS and PFS rates at 5-year were 59.3% and 89.2%, respectively. While there were no differences in RFS between NMIBC subpopulations, a slightly better PFS was found in T1LG NMIBC compared to T1HG (5-year PFS; T1LG vs. T1HG: 82% vs. 89%; P<0.001). A heterogeneous classification of patients with T1LG NMIBC was observed when EAU 2021 prognostic model was applied, finding a statistically significant worse PFS in patients classified as high-risk T1LG (5-year PFS; 81.8%) compared to those in intermediate (5-year PFS; 93,4%), and low-risk T1LG tumors (5-year PFS; 98,1%). CONCLUSIONS: The RFS of T1LG was comparable to other NMIBC subpopulations. The PFS of T1LG tumors was significantly better than of T1HG NMIBC. The EAU2021 scoring model heterogeneously categorized the risk of progression in T1LG tumors and the high-risk T1LG had the worst PFS.
- MeSH
- BCG vakcína terapeutické užití MeSH
- imunoterapie MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium bovis * MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře * farmakoterapie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs were introduced in Czechoslovakia more than 60 years ago under a quite different epidemiological situation than that of today. Compulsory mass BCG vaccination was abolished in November 2010 and changed to a selective vaccination program for infants at high risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB). Methods: This work sets out to ascertain the risk of TB and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection in the 10-year period following the change to the vaccination program and to compare this with the same period of time when mass BCG vaccination was compulsory. Descriptive study. Statistical analysis of the incidence of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis as reported in the TB register in years 2001-2020. Conclusions: The incidence trend of TB in children in both monitored time periods is identical and statistically significantly decreasing (P < 0.001). In the first monitored period, the incidence trend of NTM cervical lymphadenitis in children is degressive and is not statistically significant (P = 0.561). However, in the second monitored period, the trend increases and is statistically significant (P < 0.001); in every compared 2-consecutive year period, there is an increase of 8%. These findings indicate that the change from mass BCG vaccination to selective vaccination of high-risk newborns and the abolishment of BCG revaccination can be recommended, so long as a keen eye is kept on NTM caused lymphadenitis.
- MeSH
- Bacillus * MeSH
- BCG vakcína MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- očkovací programy MeSH
- tuberkulóza * epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Clinical infectious diseases ; Vol.31, S.3
121 s.
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- pneumologie a ftizeologie
- urologie
- onkologie
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The treatment of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) unresponsive disease remains a challenge for urooncologists. The search for effective conservative treatments is ongoing and several new agents have been recently tested for this purpose. The aim of this manuscript was to review the last developments in this interesting field. RECENT FINDINGS: The advent of systemic immunotherapy in the nonmuscle invasive setting promise to revolutionize the paradigm of treatment of BCG unresponsive disease. The preliminary results of the Keynote-057 trial (3 months complete response of 41% in carcinoma-in-situ patients) have led to the rapid approval of pembrolizumab from the Food and Drug Administration. Interesting results have been reported for gene therapies such as those with CG0700 and Adstiladrin, nonreplicating adenovirus able to increase the 'in situ' antitumor activity. However, larger prospective trials with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the initial findings. SUMMARY: In summary, early radical cystectomy remains the standard treatment for BCG unresponsive patients. However, in case of patients unfit for or refusing radical cystectomy, the bladder-sparing options are continuously increasing. Although BCG-reinduction (with or without interferon) and traditional intravesical chemotherapy may represent the past, the present and the future are characterized by device-assisted therapies, systemic immunotherapy, and gene therapy.
- MeSH
- aplikace intravezikální MeSH
- BCG vakcína terapeutické užití MeSH
- genetická terapie * MeSH
- imunoterapie * MeSH
- invazivní růst nádoru MeSH
- léčba šetřící orgány metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most widely used vaccine worldwide and has been used to prevent tuberculosis for a century. BCG also stimulates an anti-tumour immune response, which urologists have harnessed for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. A growing body of evidence indicates that BCG offers protection against various non-mycobacterial and viral infections. The non-specific effects of BCG occur via the induction of trained immunity and form the basis for the hypothesis that BCG vaccination could be used to protect against the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This Perspective article highlights key milestones in the 100-year history of BCG and projects its potential role in the COVID-19 pandemic.
- MeSH
- adjuvancia imunologická dějiny MeSH
- BCG vakcína dějiny MeSH
- COVID-19 prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dějiny 19. století MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- imunoterapie dějiny MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 19. století MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
2 strany
- MeSH
- BCG vakcína MeSH
- Betacoronavirus MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- epidemický výskyt choroby MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- infekční lékařství
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO