Booster Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Úvod: Nárůst incidence spalniček začátkem roku 2019 vedl k provedení řady preventivních opatření zaměřených zejména na zdravotníky. Cílem práce bylo vyhodnotit jak séroprevalenci protilátek proti spalničkám mezi zaměstnanci velké nemocnice, tak míru sérokonverze na pilotním vzorku přeočkovaných s ročním odstupem. Metodika: 3 027 zaměstnanců Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc podstoupilo nabídnuté vyšetření hladiny specifického imunoglobulinu G s následnou možností přeočkování v případě nedostatečné hladiny. Zhruba po roce od přeočkování bylo u vzorku 52 zaměstnanců provedeno stejné vyšetření. Výsledky: V celém souboru testovaných zaměstnanců s průměrným věkem 41,8 ± 9,2 let byla séropozitivita prokázána u 54,0 % osob s jednoznačně vyšším zastoupením, a současně vyššími absolutními hodnotami protilátkových titrů, u zaměstnanců narozených před zahájením pravidelné vakcinace (rok 1969). Možnost přeočkování využilo 80,9 % séronegativních. Ze znovu otestovaných zaměstnanců pak sérokonverze nastala u 73,2 %. Relativní zvýšení titru protilátek po přeočkování korelovalo středně silně s věkem (r = 0,47, p < 0,05). Závěr: Podíl séronegativních zaměstnanců velké nemocnice dosáhl 46,0 % s vyšším zastoupením u mladších jedinců. Sérokonverze nastala u 73,2 % přeočkovaných zaměstnanců v opětovně vyšetřeném pilotním souboru. Byla zaznamenána statisticky významná korelace mezi relativním nárůstem titru protilátek a věkem.
Introduction: The increase in measles cases in early 2019 led to the implementation of several preventive measures focused mainly on health care providers. The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of measles antibodies among employees of a large hospital and, a year apart, the rate of seroconversion in a pilot sample of the revaccinated subjects. Methods: In 3027 employees of the University Hospital Olomouc, specific immunoglobulin G levels were tested on a voluntary basis. Those with insufficient levels were offered a booster dose. About approximately one year after the booster dose, the same test was performed in a sample of 52 employees. Results: Of the tested subjects with a mean age of 41.8 ± 9.2 years, 54.0% were seropositive. A higher proportion of seropositivity as well as higher absolute values of antibody titers were noted in those born before routine vaccination was introduced in 1969. A total of 80.9% of the seronegative subjects opted for a booster dose. Seroconversion occurred in 73.2% of retested subjects. The relative increase of post-booster antibody titers was moderately correlated with age (r = 0.47, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The proportion of seronegative employees of a large hospital reached 46.0%, being higher in younger individuals. Seroconversion occurred in 73.2% of booster dose recipients included in a pilot sample for reanalysis. A statistically significant correlation was noted between the relative increase of antibody titers and age.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky analýza MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- sérokonverze MeSH
- spalničky * epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
An evaluation of the relationship between predictors and immune response was conducted using data obtained from a clinical trial in 200 Czech healthy adults aged 24-65 years receiving a booster dose of a monovalent tetanus vaccine in 2017. The response was determined from ELISA antibody concentrations of paired sera obtained before and 4 weeks after the immunisation. While all subjects with initial antibody levels 2.2 IU/ml. The immune response was not affected by sex, age, tetanus vaccine type, concomitant medication, related adverse events or post-vaccination period since there were no significant differences in geometric mean concentrations or seroconversion rates. The seroconversion rate of 56% in smokers was significantly lower than that of 73% achieved in non-smokers. Although the seroconversion rates did not differ between individuals with normal or higher body weight, the adjusted odds ratio (1.3; 95% Cl 1.08-1.60) revealed a positive correlation between seroconversion rate and body mass index (BMI). Although the vaccine-induced response was influenced by pre-vaccination antibody levels, smoking or BMI, the booster immunisation against tetanus produced a sufficient response regardless the predictors.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální krev MeSH
- sekundární imunizace metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tetanový toxoid aplikace a dávkování imunologie MeSH
- tetanus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- tvorba protilátek * MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Bordetella pertussis (Bp), the causative agent of pertussis, continues to circulate despite widespread vaccination programs. An important question is whether and how (sub)clinical infections shape immune memory to Bp, particularly in populations primed with acellular pertussis vaccines (aP). Here, we examine the prevalence of mucosal antibodies against non-vaccine antigens in aP-primed children and adolescents of the BERT study (NCT03697798), using antibody binding to a Bp mutant strain lacking aP antigens (Bp_mut). Our study identifies increased levels of mucosal IgG and IgA binding to Bp_mut in older aP-primed individuals, suggesting different Bp exposure between aP-primed birth cohorts, in line with pertussis disease incidence data. To examine whether Bp exposure influences vaccination responses, we measured mucosal antibody responses to aP booster vaccination as a secondary study outcome. Although booster vaccination induces significant increases in mucosal antibodies to Bp in both cohorts, the older age group that had higher baseline antibodies to Bp_ mut shows increased persistence of antibodies after vaccination.
- MeSH
- antigeny bakteriální MeSH
- Bordetella pertussis * genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- pertuse * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- protilátky MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- tvorba protilátek MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The immunogenicity and reactogenicity of primary vaccination at 3, 4 and 5 months and boosting at 12-18 months with a new DTPw-HBV vaccine was compared with either licensed DTPw and HBV vaccines given separately or a licensed DTPw-HBV combination (Tritanrix-HepB) in this randomized, partially double-blind primary vaccination and single-blind booster vaccination study in healthy infants (n = 239; Trial DTPw-HBV-001/004). One month after primary vaccination with the new DTPw-HBV vaccine, seroprotection against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B and vaccine response to B. pertussis was seen in 100%, 98.7%, 94.9% and 98.7% of subjects, respectively, compared to 100%, > or =98.5%, 89.2% and 92.2% of subjects in the comparator groups, respectively. One month after the booster dose, a marked response to all vaccine antigens was observed, resulting in seroprotection against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B in all DTPw-HBV recipients and response to B. pertussis in over 98.6%. After primary vaccination, there was evidence that fever > or =38.0 degrees C (rectal route) occurred more frequently after the new vaccine (following 41.6% of doses, compared with 32.2% and 29.3% in the comparator groups, p < 0.05) and that pain and drowsiness occurred more frequently than after licensed DTPw-HBV (45.3% versus 35.1% and 37.1% versus 24.9%, respectively). However after primary and booster doses Grade 3 symptoms occurred at similar frequencies in the three groups suggesting these possible differences are of minimal clinical significance. In conclusion, within the framework of this study the immunogenicity and safety profiles of GSK Biologicals' new DTPw-HBV vaccine when used for primary and booster vaccination were acceptable.
- MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hepatitida B - protilátky analýza MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kombinované vakcíny imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- vakcína proti diftérii, tetanu a pertusi škodlivé účinky imunologie MeSH
- vakcína proti hepatitidě B imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Long-term vaccination programs are recommended for individuals living in regions endemic for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Current recommendations suggest a first booster vaccine be administered 3 years after a conventional regimen or 12-18 months after a rapid regimen. However, the research supporting subsequent booster intervals is limited. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the long-term persistence of TBE antibodies in adults and adolescents after a first booster dose with Encepur(®). A total of 323 subjects aged 15 years and over, who had received one of four different primary TBE vaccination series in a parent study, participated in this follow-up Phase IV trial. Immunogenicity and safety were assessed for up to five years after a first booster dose, which was administered three years after completion of the primary series. One subset of subjects was excluded from the booster vaccination since they had already received their booster prior to enrollment. For comparison, immune responses were still recorded for these subjects on Day 0 and on an annual basis until Year 5, but safety information was not collected. Following a booster vaccination, high antibody titers were recorded in all groups throughout the study. Neutralization test (NT) titers of ≥ 10 were noted in at least 94% of subjects at every time point post-booster (on Day 21 and through Years 1-5). These results demonstrated that a first booster vaccination following any primary immunization schedule results in high and long-lasting (>5 years) immune responses. These data lend support to the current belief that subsequent TBE booster intervals could be extended from the current recommendation. NCT00387634.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- klíšťová encefalitida prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- neutralizační testy MeSH
- očkovací schéma MeSH
- protilátky virové krev MeSH
- sekundární imunizace * MeSH
- virové vakcíny terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze IV MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Transplacentally transferred antibodies induced by maternal pertussis vaccination interfere with infant immune responses to pertussis primary vaccination. We evaluated whether this interference remains in toddlers after booster vaccination. METHODS: In a prior phase IV, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study (NCT02377349), pregnant women in Australia, Canada and Europe received intramuscular tetanus-reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-three-component acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap group) or placebo (control group) at 270/7-366/7 weeks' gestation, with crossover immunization postpartum. Their infants were primed (study NCT02422264) and boosted (at 11-18 months; current study NCT02853929) with diphtheria-tetanus-three-component acellular pertussis-hepatitis B virus-inactivated poliovirus/Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Immunogenicity before and after booster vaccination, and reactogenicity and safety of the booster were evaluated descriptively. RESULTS: 263 (Tdap group) and 277 (control group) toddlers received a DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib booster. Pre-booster vaccination, observed geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for the three pertussis antigens and diphtheria were 1.4-1.5-fold higher in controls than in the Tdap group. No differences were observed for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens. One month post-booster vaccination, booster response rates for pertussis antigens were ≥ 92.1% and seroprotection rates for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens were ≥ 99.2% in both groups (primary objective). Higher post-booster GMCs were observed in controls versus the Tdap group for anti-filamentous hemagglutinin (1.2-fold), anti-pertussis toxoid (1.5-fold) and anti-diphtheria (1.4-fold). GMCs for the other DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib antigens were similar between groups. Serious adverse events were reported for three toddlers (controls, not vaccination-related). One death occurred pre-booster (Tdap group, not vaccination-related). CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence of interference of maternal pertussis antibodies with infant immune responses to pertussis primary vaccination, pertussis antibody concentrations were still lower in toddlers from Tdap-vaccinated mothers before DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib booster vaccination. After the booster, antibody concentrations were lower for filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxoid but not for pertactin. The clinical significance of this interference requires further evaluation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02853929.
- MeSH
- difterie * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- hemofilové vakcíny * MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kombinované vakcíny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pertuse * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- poliovirová vakcína inaktivovaná MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tetanus * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vakcína proti diftérii, tetanu a pertusi MeSH
- vakcína proti záškrtu, tetanu a černému kašli * MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Kanada MeSH
