Germline DNA testing using the next-gene-ration sequencing (NGS) technology has become the analytical standard for the diagnostics of hereditary diseases, including cancer. Its increasing use places high demands on correct sample identification, independent confirmation of prioritized variants, and their functional and clinical interpretation. To streamline these processes, we introduced parallel DNA and RNA capture-based NGS using identical capture panel CZECANCA, which is routinely used for DNA analysis of hereditary cancer predisposition. Here, we present the analytical workflow for RNA sample processing and its analytical and diagnostic performance. Parallel DNA/RNA analysis allowed credible sample identification by calculating the kinship coefficient. The RNA capture-based approach enriched transcriptional targets for the majority of clinically relevant cancer predisposition genes to a degree that allowed analysis of the effect of identified DNA variants on mRNA processing. By comparing the panel and whole-exome RNA enrichment, we demonstrated that the tissue-specific gene expression pattern is independent of the capture panel. Moreover, technical replicates confirmed high reproducibility of the tested RNA analysis. We concluded that parallel DNA/RNA NGS using the identical gene panel is a robust and cost-effective diagnostic strategy. In our setting, it allows routine analysis of 48 DNA/RNA pairs using NextSeq 500/550 Mid Output Kit v2.5 (150 cycles) in a single run with sufficient coverage to analyse 226 cancer predisposition and candidate ge-nes. This approach can replace laborious Sanger confirmatory sequencing, increase testing turnaround, reduce analysis costs, and improve interpretation of the impact of variants by analysing their effect on mRNA processing.

• MeSH
• DNA genetika   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory genetika   diagnóza   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• RNA genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA metody   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza RNA metody   MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Evidence indicating, that persistent organic pollutants are involved in the development of obesity, has emerged. The aim of this study was to reveal whether an environmental bioaccumulative human adipose tissue contaminant, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), affects adipocyte differentiation. Our study was conducted on an in vitro adipogenic model of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSC). The adipose cultures were exposed to DDE (concentrations: 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM) for 28 consecutive days, from the beginning of the experiment until full differentiation. DDE was administered in lipid vehicle (NuTRIflex). Samples for gene expression analysis by RT real-time PCR were collected on days 0, 4, 10, 21 and 28 during the course of differentiation. Differentiating adipocytes cultivated in lipid-rich medium (NuTRIflex) increased the expression of perilipin 2 (PLIN2). However, the addition of DDE suppressed this effect (p < 0.03). Our results may suggest that upregulation of PLIN2, caused by exposure to lipids during the differentiation of adipocytes, is reduced in the presence of DDE. This effect of DDE warrants future attention, because of the important role of PLIN2 in formation and stabilization of lipid droplets, as the impairment of their function could be linked to the worldwide obesity epidemic.

• Klíčová slova
• perilipin-2,
• MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace účinky léků   MeSH
• dichlordifenyldichlorethylen * MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí metabolismus   MeSH
• lipidová tělíska metabolismus   MeSH
• membránové proteiny * genetika   MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• pesticidy MeSH
• tukové buňky * metabolismus   účinky léků   MeSH
• upregulace MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Theory predicts that sexually antagonistic mutations will be over- or under-represented on the X and Z chromosomes, depending on their average dominance coefficients. However, as little is known about the dominance coefficients for new mutations, the effect of sexually antagonistic selection is difficult to predict. To elucidate the role of sexually antagonistic selection in the evolution of Z chromosome gene content in chicken, we analyzed publicly available microarray data from several somatic tissues as well as somatic and germ cells of the ovary. We found that the Z chromosome is enriched for genes showing preferential expression in ovarian somatic cells, but not for genes with preferential expression in primary oocytes or non-sex-specific somatic tissues. Our results suggest that sexual antagonism leads to a higher abundance of female-benefit alleles on the Z chromosome. No bias toward Z-linkage for oocyte-enriched genes can be explained by lower intensity of sexually antagonistic selection in ovarian germ cells compared to ovarian somatic cells. An alternative explanation would be that meiotic Z chromosome inactivation hinders accumulation of oocyte-expressed genes on the Z chromosome. Our results are consistent with findings in mammals and indicate that recessive rather than dominant sexually antagonistic mutations shape the gene content of the X and Z chromosomes.

• MeSH
• databáze genetické MeSH
• folikulární buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• kompenzace dávky (genetika) genetika   MeSH
• kur domácí genetika   MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• meióza MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• oogeneze MeSH
• orgánová specificita MeSH
• ovarium cytologie   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• pohlavní chromozomy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
• sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
• selekce (genetika) MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

An acellular assay consisting of calf thymus DNA with/without rat liver microsomal S9 fraction was used to study the genotoxicity of complex mixtures of organic air pollutants bound to size segregated aerosols by means of DNA adduct analysis. We compared the genotoxicity of the organic extracts (EOMs) from three size fractions of aerosol ranging from 0.17μm to 10μm that were collected by high volume cascade impactors in four localities of the Czech Republic differing in the extent of the environmental pollution: (1) small village in proximity of a strip mine, (2) highway, (3) city center of Prague and (4) background station. The total DNA adduct levels induced by 100μg/ml of EOMs were analyzed by (32)P-postlabelling analysis with a nuclease P1 method for adduct enrichment. The main finding of the study was most of the observed genotoxicity was connected with a fine particulate matter fraction (<1μm). The concentrations of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs) in EOMs indicate that fine fractions (0.5-1μm) bound the highest amount of c-PAHs in all aerosol sampling sites, which might be related to the higher specific surface of this fraction as compared with a course fraction (1-10μm) and higher mass as compared with a condensational fraction (0.17-0.5μm). As for aerosol mass, both fine and condensational fractions are effective carriers of c-PAHs. Similarly, the DNA adduct levels per m(3) of air were highest for the fine fraction, while the condensational fraction (strip mine site and city center) revealed the highest DNA adduct levels in cases where aerosol mass is taken into consideration. A strong correlation was found between the c-PAHs and DNA adduct levels induced by EOMs in all the localities and for various size fractions (R(2)=0.98, p<0.001). It may be concluded that the analysis of total DNA adducts induced in an acellular assay with/without metabolic activation represents a relatively simple method to assess the genotoxic potential of various complex mixtures.

• MeSH
• adukty DNA analýza   MeSH
• aerosoly MeSH
• DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• játra účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch toxicita   MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• pevné částice toxicita   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• testy genotoxicity metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Street dust can be re-suspended into the atmosphere by wind and vehicle passage in an urban area. Street dust is affecting the environmental quality of the atmosphere and human health. A detailed study was conducted to determine the changes in concentrations of heavy metals and magnetic susceptibility by comparison of samples of street dust obtained in the years 2008 and 2018 at the same localities. An amount of dust per m2 of road area was highly variable for individual localities (47 g/m2 - 1.37 kg/m2), with arithmetic mean (229.7 ± 85.97 g/m2) in the year 2018. Silt particles in street dust (<0.063 mm) represented approx. 15-20%, sand particles approx. 63-70% and gravel 10-20%. Iron (5-6%) has significant concentrations in street dust. The highest concentrations are represented by the series Mn ˃ Zn ˃ Cr ˃ Cu ˃ Pb ˃ Ni. Comparison of metal concentrations in the years 2008 and 2018 showed a comparable level of iron and a lower level of lead. The significant enrichment was found for Cu, Cr and Zn expressed by enrichment factor in the range from 5 to 20. High values of magnetic susceptibility of street dust are caused by metallurgy. Metals except Cu are bound in magnetic particles and have a high correlation coefficient with magnetic susceptibility.

• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• prach * MeSH
• těžké kovy * MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH

Heavy metal pollution is an important concern because of its potential to affect human health. This study was conducted to analyze plants growing on a landfill body and in its surroundings to determine their potential for heavy metal accumulation. In addition, the enrichment coefficient (EC) for the plant/soil system was used for determining the environmental contamination from a landfill in terms of heavy metal accumulation. The samples were taken in 2013-2014. Of the analyzed metals, iron achieved the highest values in the samples, i.e. - stalk (103.4-6564.6 mg/kg DM), roots (6563.6-33,036.6 mg/kg DM), leaf (535.1-11,275 mg/kg DM) and soil (12,389-39,381.9 mg/kg DM). The highest concentrations were determined in 2013 for Fe, Mn and Zn. Iron achieved the highest concentrations in the years 2013-2014. Next, EC values were then calculated, with the highest noted for Cd. Cd, as well as Cr, Ni and Zn are accumulated mostly in the leaves, whereas Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn and Pb are accumulated mainly in the roots of T. vulgare.

• MeSH
• kořeny rostlin chemie   MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
• půda MeSH
• skládková zařízení MeSH
• Tanacetum metabolismus   MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• železo MeSH
• znečištění životního prostředí MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is an important biomarker of systemic inflammation. We studied the contribution to cardiovascular risk of increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in patients with type 2 diabetes with or without concomitant metabolic syndrome. MATERIAL/METHODS: The series included 381 patients (199 men, 182 women; median age, 66 years; age range, 50-80 years) with a mean duration of type 2 diabetes of 9+/-8 years. Standard physical examinations and laboratory investigations were administered to all patients. Modified National Cholesterol Education Program III criteria for defining the metabolic syndrome were used. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein was estimated by immunoturbidimetry and other laboratory tests using standard methods. RESULTS: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein correlated (Spearman's correlation) significantly positively with body mass index and waist size, fasting plasma triglyceride levels, apolipoprotein-B, gamma glutamyl transferase, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and fibrinogen, and negatively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, only waist, fibrinogen, apolipoprotein-B, plasma glucose, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels appeared to be associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on multiple logistic regression model analyses. In those diabetic patients with concomitant metabolic syndrome, the hypertriglyceridemic waist appeared to be a major factor for an increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration. CONCLUSIONS: The hypertriglyceridemic waist contributes to the metabolic syndrome and most likely is an important factor increasing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and consequently, relative coronary risk in patients with type 2 diabetes of any sex and age. PMID:18667998[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Publication Types, MeSH Terms, SubstancesPublication TypesResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tMeSH TermsAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and overC-Reactive Protein/analysis*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathologyFemaleHumansHypertriglyceridemia/bloodHypertriglyceridemia/complicationsHypertriglyceridemia/physiopathology*MaleMetabolic Syndrome X/blood*Metabolic Syndrome X/complications*Metabolic Syndrome X/physiopathologyMiddle AgedStatistics, NonparametricWaist-Hip Ratio*SubstancesC-Reactive Protein LinkOut - more resourcesFull Text SourcesMedical Science International, Ltd. - PDFMedicalTriglycerides - MedlinePlus Health InformationMetabolic Syndrome - MedlinePlus Health InformationDiabetes - MedlinePlus Health Information • Supplemental Content Related citations [The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged in Kaunas population]. [Medicina (Kaunas). 2005] [The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged in Kaunas population]. Gustiene O, Slapikas R, Klumbiene J, Sakalauskiene G, Kubilius R, Bagdzeviciute S, Zaliunas R. Medicina (Kaunas). 2005; 41(10):867-76. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype versus the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation clinical criteria to identify high-risk men with an altered cardiometabolic risk profile. [Metabolism. 2009] The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype versus the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation clinical criteria to identify high-risk men with an altered cardiometabolic risk profile. Blackburn P, Lemieux I, Alméras N, Bergeron J, Côté M, Tremblay A, Lamarche B, Després JP. Metabolism. 2009 Aug; 58(8):1123-30. Epub 2009 Jun 18.Meal testing and postprandial state of type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. [Rom J Intern Med. 2005] Meal testing and postprandial state of type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Brădescu OM, Georgescu M, Ifrim S, Ioacără S, Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C. Rom J Intern Med. 2005; 43(1-2):97-113. Review Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a useful screening phenotype in preventive cardiology? [Can J Cardiol. 2007] Review Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a useful screening phenotype in preventive cardiology? Lemieux I, Poirier P, Bergeron J, Alméras N, Lamarche B, Cantin B, Dagenais GR, Després JP. Can J Cardiol. 2007 Oct; 23 Suppl B:23B-31B. Review Should C-reactive protein be added to metabolic syndrome and to assessment of global cardiovascular risk? [Circulation. 2004] Review Should C-reactive protein be added to metabolic syndrome and to assessment of global cardiovascular risk? Ridker PM, Wilson PW, Grundy SM. Circulation. 2004 Jun 15; 109(23):2818-25. See reviews... See all... Cited by 1 PubMed Central article Effect of a fat spread enriched with medium-chain triacylglycerols and a special fatty acid-micronutrient combination on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight patients with diabetes. [Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011] Effect of a fat spread enriched with medium-chain triacylglycerols and a special fatty acid-micronutrient combination on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight patients with diabetes. Siener R, Ehrhardt C, Bitterlich N, Metzner C. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011 Apr 8; 8:21. Epub 2011 Apr 8.All links from this record Related Citations Calculated set of PubMed citations closely related to the selected article(s) retrieved using a word weight algorithm. Related articles are displayed in ranked order from most to least relevant, with the “linked from” citation displayed first.Gene Gene records that cite the current articles. Citations in Gene are added manually by NCBI or imported from outside public resources.Gene (GeneRIF) Gene records that have the current articles as Reference into Function citations (GeneRIFs). NLM staff reviewing the literature while indexing MEDLINE add GeneRIFs manually.HomoloGene HomoloGene clusters of homologous genes and sequences that cite the current articles. These are references on the Gene and sequence records in the HomoloGene entry

• MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein analýza   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace   krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hypertriglyceridemie komplikace   krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom komplikace   krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• poměr pasu a boků MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• věkové rozložení MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

PURPOSE: The field cancerization concept indicates the presence of pre-cancerous changes in clinically normal tissue surrounding the tumor. In squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) which is infrequently linked to human papillomavirus infection, we have previously reported that clinically normal tongue contralateral to tumor (NTCT) is molecularly abnormal. Here, combining our transcriptomic and genomic data, we aimed to investigate the contribution of molecular changes in NTCT to cancer development. METHODS: Microarray gene expression data of 14 healthy controls, 23 NTCT and 29 SCCOT samples were investigated to characterize transcriptional profiles in NTCT. Whole exome sequencing and RNA-sequencing data of paired NTCT and tumor samples from 15 SCCOT patients were used to study correlation between copy number variation and differential gene expression. RESULTS: Using supervised multivariate partial least squares discriminant analysis, a total of 61 mRNAs that distinguish NTCT from healthy tongue were selected. Functional enrichment analysis of the 22 upregulated genes showed increased "positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process" in NTCT. All 12 genes involved in this process have roles in apoptosis (anti- and/or pro-apoptotic). Compared to healthy controls, Zinc Finger Protein 395 (ZNF395), a pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor located on chromosome 8p, was the only gene showing increased mRNA level in NTCT whereas decreased in SCCOT. Given the frequent loss of chromosome 8p in SCCOT, the impact of ZNF395 copy number variation on gene expression was further examined, revealing a positive correlation between copy number and mRNA level (correlation coefficient = 0.572, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: NTCT is susceptible to malignant transformation, where tissue homeostasis is maintained at least partly through regulation of apoptosis. Loss of the pro-apoptotic gene ZNF395 could thus initiate cancer development.

• MeSH
• apoptóza * genetika   MeSH
• dlaždicobuněčné karcinomy hlavy a krku * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homeostáza genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory jazyka * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom genetika   patologie   MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• upregulace * MeSH
• variabilita počtu kopií segmentů DNA MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Úvod: Brumenda jsou používána při rezonančních cvičeních vokálního traktu, tvz. semi-occluded vocal tract exercises. Jsou využívána v klinické praxi – terapii a jsou součástí hlasových školení. Cílem prezentované studie bylo ověřit tréninkový a edukační efekt těchto rezonančních cvičení prováděných po dobu 2,5 měsíců s pěti studentkami se zdravým hlasem, ale bez předchozího hlasového vzdělávání. Metody: Nahrávky hlasových úkolů před a po procesu tréninku, sledování vibro –akustických parametrů pořizovaných nahrávek (elektroglotografické záznamy, analýza hlasového pole a akustických parametrů). Vstupní pohovor se subjekty, subjektivní hodnocení vlastního hlasu každým subjektem před a po skončení studie, zhodnocení stavu hlasu pedagogem před a po, zpětná vazba subjektů do deníků. Poslechové testy: percepční hodnocení metodou seřaďování a škálování, hodnocení vlastnosti lesk. Hlasový trénink: 6 lekcí + domácí trénink s nahrávkou cvičení. Výsledky: Hodnocení poslechovými testy (Seřaďovací a škálovací test – opakované hodnocení) vlastnosti lesk - vysoká míra shody všech hodnotitelů- ICC1 všech hodnocení 0,925, shodli se, že po hlasovém tréninku subjekty statisticky významně zvýšily míru lesku v hlase. Výsledky analýzy hlasového pole ukázaly statisticky významné změny na obrysech maxim VRP, které jsou typické pro přechody rejstříků. Elektroglotografie – měření rozložení kontaktního koeficientu a parametru SPR (singing power ratio) v hlasovém poli ukázalo na strategii zesílení vyšší poloviny hlasového rozsahu pomocí zvětšení addukce. Ve spodní polovině změřeno významné zmírnění kontaktního koeficientu na přechodech mezi vibračními mechanismy. Měření SPR prokázalo zvýraznění spektrálních složek v oblasti 2 – 4 kHz, typické pro profesionální mluvu i zpěv. Celkové statistické porovnání dat dokladuje nárůst SPR v střední a vyšší dynamice. Lze předpokládat obohacení spektra, a tedy i výraznější zvonivost hlasu. Tento výsledek spolu s trendovým poklesem CQd v oblasti modálního mechanismu indikuje pokles addukce. Frekvenčně obohacený hlas po tréninku je tedy tvořen se stejnou intenzitou, ale menší addukcí. To ukazuje na zlepšenou efektivitu tvorby hlasu. Měřené parametry u mluvního hlasu obecně ukazovaly na vysoce individuální změny, statisticky se potvrdilo mírné zvýšení polohy hlasu. Účastníci potvrdili tato pozorování subjektivním hodnocením zlepšení hlasové kondice, větší lehkostí při mluvě, větší dechovou výdrží, menší únavou, možností použití většího hlasového rozsahu a plynulejšími přechody z nižších do vyšších poloh hlasu. Závěr: Cvičení s brumendem se prokazuje jako metoda využitelná v hlasové edukaci a rehabilitaci, která rozvíjí základní dovednosti práce s hlasem, zlepšuje jeho kvalitu a efektivnost tvorby.

Introduction: Humming is one of semi-occluded vocal tract exercise, which is used in clinical practice - therapy and is part of voice training. The aim of the study was to verify the training and educational effect of resonance exercises at 5 students with an undamaged voice, without voice training experience over a short period of time (2.5 m.). Methods: Voice recordings of tasks before and after the training process, monitoring of acquired vibro-acoustics parameters (electroglottography, voice range profile and acoustic parameters analysis). Personal history: interview with subjects, subjective assessment of subject's own voice before and after study, assessing the state of voice by the teacher - before and after, feedback of subjects in diaries. Listening tests: evaluation of brightness by visual sort and rate method. Voice training: 6 lessons + home training with exercises recording. Results: Acoustic measurements and evaluation by listening tests (visual ranking and rating procedure) of brightness feature - high degree of agreement among all evaluators - ICC1 all evaluations 0,925, they agreed that the brightness level was significantly increased by the test subjects after the voice training. Voice range profile (VRP) Analysis results demonstrated statistically significant changes to VRP peak contours that are typical of voice register transitions. Electroglottography - measurement of contact coefficient and parameter SPR (singing power ratio) distribution in VRP pointed at the strategy of amplifying the higher half of the voice range by increasing adduction. In the lower half a significant reduction in contact coefficient was measured at the transitions between the vibration mechanisms. SPR measurement has demonstrated the enhancement of spectral components in part 2 - 4 kHz, typical for professional speaking and singing. The overall statistical comparison of data shows an increase SPR medium and higher dynamics. There can be assumed spectrum enrichment and also more pronounced ringing voice quality. This result indicates a decrease in adduction along with the trend decline in CQd in the modal mechanism. The frequency-enriched voice is created with the same intensity after the training, but less adduction. This indicates improved voice production efficiency. Measured parameters in speech voice generally showed highly individual changes. A slight increase in voice pitch was statistically confirmed. Participants subjectively evaluated improvements in voice condition, easier speech production, longer breath phrases, less fatigue, increased usable voice range, and smoother transitions between registers from lower to high positions of voice. Conclusion: Humming proves to be a method that can be used in voice education and rehabilitation, developing basic vocal skills, improving its quality and effective production.

• Klíčová slova
• hlasová terapie, rezonovaný hlas, brumendo,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlasový trénink * MeSH
• kvalita hlasu * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

There is only limited data concerning the effect of the newer antiepileptic drugs on bone. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of topiramate (TPM) and lamotrigine (LTG) monotherapy on bone mineral density (BMD), mineral content (BMC), bone markers, body composition and bone mechanical strength in the orchidectomized (ORX) rat model. 24 orchidectomized Wistar rats were divided into control and test groups, 8 rats in each group. The control rats received standard laboratory diet (SLD) while rats in the test group were fed with SLD enriched with LTG or TPM for 12 weeks. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density. The concentrations of bone metabolism markers were assayed in bone homogenate. In addition, both femurs were measured and used for biomechanical testing. Compared to the control group, both test groups had significantly lower weight, fat mass, whole body and femur BMD, BMC and reduced mechanical strength of bone. All of these changes were more pronounced in rats exposed to LTG. In conclusion, both LTG and TPM significantly reduce BMD and body weight and impair mechanical strength of bone. A question arises as to the degree of dependence of the effect on the dose. Further studies are warranted to establish whether LTG and TPM may have a clinically significant effect on BMD exclusively in the model of gonadectomized rats, or whether the effect applies also in the model of gonadally intact animals, and in the respective human models.

• MeSH
• absorpční fotometrie MeSH
• alkalická fosfatasa metabolismus   MeSH
• antikonvulziva aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• aplikace orální MeSH
• biomechanika účinky léků   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• fruktosa analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• kolagen typu I metabolismus   MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• kostní denzita účinky léků   MeSH
• kostní morfogenetický protein 2 metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• orchiektomie MeSH
• osteoprotegerin krev   MeSH
• peptidové fragmenty metabolismus   MeSH
• peptidy metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• prokolagen metabolismus   MeSH
• složení těla účinky léků   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost účinky léků   MeSH
• triaziny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH