Absorpci fotonů emitujícího záření je podle Stokesova zákona excitováno záření o delší vlnovédélce, nazývané fluorescencí. Jev je podobný i dalším, jako fosforescenci, chemi-, krystalo-, tribo-,elektro-, lyo-, bioluminiscenci apod. V dermatologii se používá od r. 1925, Woodova lampa bylaobjevena v r. 1903. Existuje primární fluorescence kůže zdravé i mnohých patologických procesů,které jsou přehledně uvedeny v tabulkách a je upozorněno na některé méně často užívané diagnostickémožnosti. Zde se často využívá i sekundární fluorescence, tj. různé (i intravitální) fluorochromy(nejčastější je fluorescein). Tak je umožněna např. diagnostika svrabu, pigmentovýchafekcí (vitiligo), některých kontaktních alergenů. Široké pole je ve využití imunofluorescenčníchmetod jak laboratorních, tak mikroskopických.Vneposlední řadě je to použití fluorescence k detekciléků, zejména antibiotik (tetracyklin, doxycyklin) a dalších chemických látek (dihydroxyaceton).Rovněž se fluorescence uplatňuje při kontrole používání preventivních prostředků k ochraně kůže.Bouřlivého rozvoje doznává při terapeutické a diagnostické aplikaci fotodynamicky aktivních látek,především derivátů porfyrinů. Nové vysoce citlivé optoelektronické prvky dovolují i do praxezavádět spektrofluorimetry.
According to Stokes law by absorption of photons from emitting radiation longer wave lengthradiation, fluorescence, is stimulated. The phenomenon of fluorescence resembles others such asphosphorescence, chemi-, tribo-, electro-, lyo-, bioluminescence. In dermatology it is used since 1925,Wood's lamp was discovered in 1903. There exists primary fluorescence of the healthy skin as wellas many pathological processes which are listed in tables and attention is drawn to some lesscommonly used diagnostic possibilities. Frequently also secondary fluorescence is used, i.e. various(incl. intravital) fluorochromes (most frequently fluorescein). This makes possible e.g. the diagnosisof scabies, pigment affections (vitiligo), some contact allergens. There is wide use of immunofluorescentlaboratory and microscopic methods. Last but not least, fluorescence is used for detection ofdrugs, in particular antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline) and other chemical substances (dihydroxyacetone).Fluorescence is used also to check the use of preventive preparations for skin protection.It is undergoing brisk development in the therapeutic and diagnostic application of photodynamicallyactive substances in particular porphyrin derivatives. New highly sensitive optoelectronicelements make it possible to introduce spectrofluorimeters into practice.
- MeSH
- Color MeSH
- Fluorescein diagnostic use MeSH
- Fluorescence MeSH
- Photochemotherapy MeSH
- Skin Diseases diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Skin MeSH
- Luminescence MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
To ensure food safety and to prevent unnecessary foodborne complications this study reports fast, fully automated process for histamine determination. This method is based on magnetic separation of histamine with magnetic particles and quantification by the fluorescence intensity change of MSA modified CdSe Quantum dots. Formation of Fe2O3 particles was followed by adsorption of TiO2 on their surface. Magnetism of developed probe enabled rapid histamine isolation prior to its fluorescence detection. Quantum dots (QDs) of approx. 3 nm were prepared via facile UV irradiation. The fluorescence intensity of CdSe QDs was enhanced upon mixing with magnetically separated histamine, in concentration-dependent manner, with a detection limit of 1.6 μM. The linear calibration curve ranged between 0.07 and 4.5 mM histamine with a low LOD and LOQ of 1.6 μM and 6 μM. The detection efficiency of the method was confirmed by ion exchange chromatography. Moreover, the specificity of the sensor was evaluated and no cross-reactivity from nontarget analytes was observed. This method was successfully applied for the direct analysis of histamine in white wine providing detection limit much lower than the histamine maximum levels established by EU regulation in food samples. The recovery rate was excellent, ranging from 84 to 100% with an RSD of less than 4.0%. The main advantage of the proposed method is full automation of the analytical procedure that reduces the time and cost of the analysis, solvent consumption and sample manipulation, enabling routine analysis of large numbers of samples for histamine and highly accurate and precise results.
- MeSH
- Fluorescence MeSH
- Fluorescent Dyes chemistry MeSH
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence methods MeSH
- Histamine analysis MeSH
- Food Contamination analysis MeSH
- Metal Nanoparticles chemistry MeSH
- Quantum Dots chemistry MeSH
- Limit of Detection MeSH
- Magnetic Phenomena MeSH
- Silanes chemistry MeSH
- Cadmium Compounds chemistry MeSH
- Tellurium chemistry MeSH
- Titanium chemistry MeSH
- Wine analysis MeSH
- Ferric Compounds chemistry MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Using of 3D printing technology (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene as material) stratospheric probe (SP) was developed for the purpose of this experiment. Fluorescent behavior of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in concentration range 0-32 mg.ml-1 was monitored by stratospheric probe and classical fluorescence spectroscopy. Balloon flight lasted 120 minutes. During this time it traveled 90 km. At a height of approximately 40 km there was a rupture of balloon. Thanks to a parachute SP landed in a controlled manner in the wood in the cadastral area of municipality Brusnica (Slovak Republic). It was found that the fluorescence intensity of CQDs changed slightly before and after the flight, however this was caused by the CQDs instability and not by the detector design.
Úvod: Cílem studie je zhodnotit výsledky zavedení metody detekce perfuze anastomózy po resekci sigmoidea a rekta do praxe na pracovišti autorů a vyhodnotit incidenci nutnosti změny linie resekce v návaznosti na kvalitu perfuze stěny střevní a zároveň zaznamenat komplikace v hojení anastomózy. Metoda: Retrospektivní unicentrická analýza prospektivně sbíraných dat u pacientů s resekcí sigmoidea a rekta a konstrukcí primární anastomózy. Do souboru bylo zařazeno 50 pacientů, 27 mužů a 23 žen, s mediánem věku 64,5 roku (33–80). 44 pacientů bylo k resekci indikováno pro karcinom sigmoidea anebo rekta, 6 pacientů pro benigní onemocnění. Ve 29 případech se jednalo o totální excizi mezorekta s koloanální mechanickou nebo ručně konstruovanou anastomózou a ve 21 případech byla provedena resekce sigmoidea anebo horního rekta s mechanickou anastomózou. U všech pacientů před konstrukcí anastomózy byla vykonána kontrola perfuze anastomozovaných segmentů metodou NIR (near infrared) fluorescenční angiografie detekcí indocyaninové zeleně (ICG). Byla hodnocena kvalita perfuze mezokolon a stěny střevní s impaktem na nutnost posunutí resekční linie a komplikace v hojení anastomózy v 30denním pooperačním intervalu. Výsledky: U všech 50 pacientů byla metoda kontroly perfuze fluorescenční angiografií technicky úspěšně realizována. V 5 případech (10 %) bylo nutné posunout linii resekce pro známky špatné perfuze stěny střevní. U 4 pacientů (8 %) byla v pooperačním období zaznamenána komplikace v hojení anastomózy. U pacientů s totální excizí mezorekta byla dehiscence verifikována ve 3 případech (10,3 %) a v 1 případě (4,8 %) se o dehiscenci jednalo po resekci sigmoidea a horního rekta. Závěr: Prezentované výsledky naznačují, že metoda fluorescenční angiografie může představovat cestu, jež povede ke snížení incidence dehiscence anastomózy kolorektálních resekcí detailním mapováním perfuze anastomózovaných segmentů.
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of fluorescence angiography for assessing anastomotic perfusion after resection of the sigmoid colon and rectum since its introduction into clinical practice at the authors´ workplace and to evaluate the incidence of necessary resection line repositioning based on the quality of perfusion, and also to record any complications in anastomotic healing. Method: Retrospective unicentric analysis of prospectively collected data from patients with resection of the sigmoid colon and rectum with primary anastomosis. The patient set included 50 patients, 27 males and 23 females; the median age was 64.5 years (33–80). Forty-four patients were indicated for resection for cancer of the sigmoid colon or rectum, while 6 patients had a benign disease. Twenty-nine patients underwent total mesorectal excision with coloanal mechanical or hand-sewn anastomosis and 21 underwent resection of the sigmoid colon or upper rectum with mechanical anastomosis. Prior to the construction of the anastomosis, assessment of perfusion of the anastomotic segments by near infrared (NIR) indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography was performed in all patients. The quality of perfusion of the mesocolon and bowel wall and its impact on moving the resection line and complications of anastomotic healing 30 days postoperatively were all evaluated. Results: Assessment of perfusion using fluorescence angiography was technically successfully performed in all 50 patients. In 5 cases (10%) the resection line had to be moved for signs of poor perfusion of the bowel wall. Postoperatively, healing of the anastomosis was complicated in four patients (8%). Dehiscence was recorded in 3 patients (10.3%) with total mesorectal excision and in 1 patient (4.8%) after resection of the sigmoid colon and upper rectum. Conclusion: The presented results indicate that fluorescence angiography may lead to a decrease in the incidence of anastomotic dehiscence after colorectal resections by mapping in detail the perfusion of the anastomosed segments.
- MeSH
- Anastomosis, Surgical * methods adverse effects MeSH
- Colon, Sigmoid surgery blood supply MeSH
- Surgical Wound Dehiscence diagnosis MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Fluorescein Angiography * methods MeSH
- Wound Healing MeSH
- Indocyanine Green MeSH
- Colectomy * MeSH
- Colorectal Neoplasms surgery MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Perfusion Imaging methods MeSH
- Intraoperative Period MeSH
- Postoperative Complications prevention & control MeSH
- Rectum surgery blood supply MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Evaluation Study MeSH
Ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole), an alkaloid isolated from Apocynaceae plants, exhibits an antitumor activity, which is exceptionally high against several specific types of tumors. Ellipticine is also interesting as an anticancer drug as it has limited side effects and lacks of hematological toxicity. Various methods to study intercalating activity of this drug have been developed. However, to our best knowledge, capillary electrophoresis (CE) as a technique combining high separation resolution with various detection options has never been used for these purposes. In this study, a novel separation method based on CE with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection has been developed for the determination of ellipticine and for the monitoring of ellipticine-DNA interaction. Sodium acetate (50 mM, pH 4.5) was used as a background electrolyte and LIF detection at λ(ex) = 488 nm. The limit of detection for ellipticine was determined to be 5 × 10⁻⁸ M. A total of 20% dimethyl sulfoxide was found optimal as sample solvent. Additionally, intercalation of ellipticine into the double-stranded DNA was investigated. Signal corresponding to ellipticine was decreasing and a new peak appeared and was growing. It can be concluded that CE-LIF is a method applicable to in vitro studies of ellipticine-DNA complexes.
- MeSH
- Dimethyl Sulfoxide chemistry MeSH
- DNA blood chemistry isolation & purification metabolism MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Capillary methods MeSH
- Ellipticines chemistry metabolism pharmacology MeSH
- Erythrocytes chemistry MeSH
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence methods MeSH
- Chickens MeSH
- Limit of Detection MeSH
- Linear Models MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
The spatiotemporal sensing of specific cationic and anionic species is crucial for understanding the processes occurring in living systems. Herein, we developed new fluorescence sensors derived from tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines (TPyzPzs) with a recognition moiety that consists of an aza-crown and supporting substituents. Their sensitivity and selectivity were compared by fluorescence titration experiments with the properties of known TPyzPzs (with either one aza-crown moiety or two of these moieties in a tweezer arrangement). Method of standard addition was employed for analyte quantification in saliva. For K+ recognition, the new derivatives had comparable or larger association constants with larger fluorescence enhancement factors compared to that with one aza-crown. Their fluorescence quantum yields in the ON state were 18× higher than that of TPyzPzs with a tweezer arrangement. Importantly, the sensitivity toward cations was strongly dependent on counteranions and increased as follows: NO3- < Br- < CF3SO3- < ClO4- ≪ SCN-. This trend resembles the chaotropic ability expressed by the Hofmeister series. The high selectivity toward KSCN was explained by synergic association of both K+ and SCN- with TPyzPz sensors. The sensing of SCN- was further exploited in a proof of concept study to quantify SCN- levels in the saliva of a smoker and to demonstrate the sensing ability of TPyzPzs under in vitro conditions.
- MeSH
- Crown Ethers chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Potassium analysis MeSH
- Fluorescence MeSH
- Fluorescent Dyes chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Microscopy, Fluorescence methods MeSH
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence methods MeSH
- HeLa Cells MeSH
- Smokers MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Limit of Detection MeSH
- Metalloporphyrins chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Saliva chemistry MeSH
- Thiocyanates analysis MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- Influenza, Human diagnosis microbiology MeSH
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orthomyxoviridae isolation & purification MeSH
- RNA, Viral analysis MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH
