• MeSH
• reakční čas MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH

• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• geriatrie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH

• MeSH
• chování MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• evokované potenciály MeSH
• kouření MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek fyziologie   MeSH
• pití alkoholu MeSH
• plnění a analýza úkolů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• echokardiografie MeSH
• funkční vyšetření srdce MeSH
• hypertenze MeSH
• srdeční komory MeSH

Wheelchair basketball players are classified into four classes based on the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation competition system. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the IWBF functional classification for wheelchair basketball was related to different performance field-based tests. Forty wheelchair basketball athletes took part in the study. The players carried out five field tests, three of which were quantitative, related to the three conditional skills (strength, endurance and speed test) and two of the qualitative type (accuracy and shooting ability tests). Pearson's correlation was performed to analyse the correlation between the score obtained from functional classification and the results of the wheelchair performance tests. The IWBF class was not correlated (p <0.05) with any of the tests performed. Players with even major injuries, in their best wheelchair set-up, even achieved better times than upper-class players; therefore, the disability factor in these tests is not an index that determines performance disadvantage. The study shows that the functional classification does not affect the qualitative-quantitative performance, so the disabled athlete with a lower score is not disadvantaged in basketball.

• MeSH
• environmentální zdraví MeSH
• hygiena práce MeSH
• pracoviště MeSH
• pracovní expozice prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• pracovní výkon MeSH
• uzavřené prostory MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• environmentální vědy
• pracovní lékařství
• hygiena

OBJECTIVE: The role of inspiratory muscle performance in functional performance in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to perform a longitudinal examination of inspiratory and functional performance from intensive care unit (ICU) discharge (ICUD) to hospital discharge (HD) and symptoms at HD and 1 month after HD in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Thirty patients (19 men, 11 women) with COVID-19 were included. Examination of inspiratory muscle performance at ICUD and HD was performed with an electronic manometer, which provided the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and several other inspiratory measures. Examination of dyspnea and functional performance was performed at ICUD and HD with the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale and the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1MSST), respectively. RESULTS: The mean age was 71 (SD = 11) years, the mean length of ICU stay was 9 (SD = 6) days, and the mean length of hospital stay was 26 (SD = 16) days. Most of the patients were diagnosed with severe COVID-19 (76.7%) and had a mean Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4.4 (SD = 1.9), reflecting high comorbidity. The mean MIP of the entire cohort increased minimally from ICUD to HD (from 36 [SD = 21] to 40 [SD = 20] cm H2O), reflecting predicted values for men and women at ICUD and HD of 46 (25%) to 51 (23%) and 37 (24%) to 37 (20%), respectively. The 1MSTS score increased significantly from ICUD to HD (9.9 [SD = 7.1] vs 17.7 [SD = 11.1]) for the entire cohort but remained far below population-based reference values (2.5th percentile) for the majority of patients at ICUD and HD. At ICUD, MIP was found to be a significant predictor of a favorable change in 1MSTS performance (β = 0.308; odds ratio = 1.36) at HD. CONCLUSION: A significant reduction in inspiratory and functional performance exists in patients with COVID-19 at both ICUD and HD, with a greater MIP at ICUD being a significant predictor of a greater 1MSTS score at HD. IMPACT: This study shows that inspiratory muscle training may be an important adjunct after COVID-19.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• dýchací svaly * MeSH
• dyspnoe MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemocnice MeSH
• péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
• propuštění pacienta MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Ve sportu neustále dochází ke zlepšování výkonnostní úrovně. Za použití statistické a expertní analýzy časových řad jsme zjišťovali změny výkonnosti v běhu na 5 000 m mužů v letech 1945–2016 a faktory ovlivňující průběh výkonnosti. První a nejsilnější osobností této disciplíny byl Emil Zátopek. Data jsme získali z atletických ročenek a publikací, použili jsme nejlepší výkon nejlepších padesáti závodníků v každém roce. Tvar výkonnostní křivky se blíží parabole. Po 2. světové válce má křivka výkonnosti rychle rostoucí trend, od poloviny 50. let dochází ke zpomalení růstu, který ale pokračuje až do poloviny 70. let. Tam začíná období vrcholné výkonnosti, které končí v roce 1989. Od té doby výkonnost opět klesá, v současnosti je úroveň výkonnosti nejhorší od roku 1953, dle některých parametrů od roku 1946. Na změnách výkonnosti se pravděpodobně podílí úroveň státní podpory sportu, společenské změny, vývoj tréninku, fungování středisek a také možnost komerčních startů mimo dráhu. Přestože již došlo k částečnému obnovení po roce 1989 zrušeného systému podpory talentů, v běhu na 5 000 m mužů v současnosti nedochází k opětnému dlouhodobému růstu výkonnosti. Zjistili jsme významnou souvislost mezi výkonností absolutní špičky a širokou základnou běžců v ČR, Spearmanův korelační koeficient mezi 3. nejlepším výkonem roku a 50. výkonem roku je rs = 0,908. Je otázkou, zda se aktuální popularita běhu promítne v budoucnu i do této statistiky.

As a rule, performance capacity in sports constantly improves. Using statistical and expert analyses of time series, the authors examine changes in performance capacity in men's 5,000 meter run during 1945 – 2016 and factors influencing on the development of performance capacity. Emil Zátopek was the first and strongest personality to succeed in this discipline. Data was acquired from athletic annuals and publications, and data related to the best performance of the leading fifty runners in each year were used. The shape of the performance curve is close to a parabola. The period afterWorldWar II saw the curve of performance follow a rapidly growing trend, which, however, decelerated during the mid-1950's until the mid-1970's. The latter marked a period of top performance, which was to end in the year 1989. Since then, performance has had a decreasing trend, and currently, the level of performance is the worst since 1953, according to some parameters since 1946. These changes in performance are probably partly caused by the level of State aid towards sports, social changes, development of training, and operation of sports centres as well as the option to participate in commercial contests outside the athletic track. Even though the talent support system abandoned in 1989 was partially renewed, performance capacity in men's 5,000 metre run presently fails to experience a long-term growth. We have determined a significant connection between performance of top runners and a large platform of runners in the Czech Republic, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the 3rd best performance of the year and the 50th performance of the year is rs = 0.908. It is debatable whether the current popularity of running will be reflected in this statistics in the future.

• MeSH
• běh * dějiny   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lehká atletika MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sportovní výkon dějiny   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Československo MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive decline is a key characteristic of Huntington's disease (HD). This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a cognitive battery with six tests used by most HD research centers to assess cognitive impairment in HD. METHOD: In total, 106 HD patients in different disease stages with more (HD-CD, N = 30) and less cognitive impairments (HD-NC, N = 70) and 100 healthy controls (NC) were matched by age, sex, and education and were examined using a standardized protocol including cognitive, motor, and functional assessments. RESULTS: One-way between-groups analysis of variance showed that controls performed significantly better than HD patients and that HD-NC significantly outperformed HD-CD patients in all cognitive tests (NC > HD-NC > HD-CD), with all Games-Howell post-hoc tests p < .001. Analyses using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) disclosed the diagnostic accuracy of all tests included in the battery to discriminate between NC and HD patients with AUC ranging from 0.809 to 0.862 (all p < .001) and between HD-CD and HD-NC patients with AUC ranging from 0.833 to 0.899 (all p < .001). In both analysis, Stroop Color Naming Test showed the highest discriminative potential. Additional analyses showed that cognitive deficits in all domains progressed with disease duration. Moreover, cognitive performance correlated with the severity of motor and functional impairment (all p < .001) and with the Disease Burden Score regardless of disease duration and age. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the cognitive battery is a suitable tool for assessing cognitive impairment in HD.

• MeSH
• Huntingtonova nemoc * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí MeSH
• tělesná a funkční výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH