Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on employee well-being, mental health, and resilience. The objective of this observational study was to explore the mutual relationships among the dimensions of self-compassion and particular characteristics of work-related well-being: work engagement, workaholism (excessive and compulsive work), and job boredom in a population of early career workers. In this quantitative cross-sectional study, 286 master's students with proper working experience were examined; results from 244 respondents were suitable for further data analysis. The Self-compassion Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Dutch Work Addiction Scale, and Dutch Boredom Scale were administered. Spearman's rank correlation analysis found a positive relationship between work engagement and excessive work and a negative relationship between work engagement and job boredom. Furthermore, a positive correlation was identified between compulsive work and negative subscales of the Self-compassion Scale. Structural equation modeling indicated that workaholism was a mediator between the negative scales of self-compassion and work engagement with job boredom. In conclusion, the negative aspects of self-compassion (isolation, self-judgment, and over-identification) are related to the symptoms of workaholism in young workers. Self-compassion-based interventions could help prevent the negative effects of compulsive and excessive work. Possible age-related explanations for the positive relationship between work engagement and workaholism (i.e., excessive work) are discussed. Future longitudinal research could identify the dynamics of the connection between self-compassion and work-related well-being from a long-term perspective.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Advances in paediatric type 1 diabetes management and increased use of diabetes technology have led to improvements in glycaemia, reduced risk of severe hypoglycaemia, and improved quality of life. Since 1993, progressively lower HbA1c targets have been set. The aim of this study was to perform a longitudinal analysis of HbA1c, treatment regimens, and acute complications between 2013 and 2022 using data from eight national and one international paediatric diabetes registries. METHODS: In this longitudinal analysis, we obtained data from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network, Czech National Childhood Diabetes Register, Danish Registry of Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes, Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry, Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry, England and Wales' National Paediatric Diabetes Audit, Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry, T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative, and the SWEET initiative. All children (aged ≤18 years) with type 1 diabetes with a duration of longer than 3 months were included. Investigators compared data from 2013 to 2022; analyses performed on data were pre-defined and conducted separately by each respective registry. Data on demographics, HbA1c, treatment regimen, and event rates of diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycaemia were collected. ANOVA was performed to compare means between registries and years. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to study significant breakpoints in temporal trends. FINDINGS: In 2022, data were available for 109 494 children from the national registries and 35 590 from SWEET. Between 2013 and 2022, the aggregated mean HbA1c decreased from 8·2% (95% CI 8·1-8·3%; 66·5 mmol/mol [65·2-67·7]) to 7·6% (7·5-7·7; 59·4mmol/mol [58·2-60·5]), and the proportion of participants who had achieved HbA1c targets of less than 7% (<53 mmol/mol) increased from 19·0% to 38·8% (p<0·0001). In 2013, the aggregate event rate of severe hypoglycaemia rate was 3·0 events per 100 person-years (95% CI 2·0-4·9) compared with 1·7 events per 100 person-years (1·0-2·7) in 2022. In 2013, the aggregate event rate of diabetic ketoacidosis was 3·1 events per 100 person-years (95% CI 2·0-4·8) compared with 2·2 events per 100 person-years (1·4-3·4) in 2022. The proportion of participants with insulin pump use increased from 42·9% (95% CI 40·4-45·5) in 2013 to 60·2% (95% CI 57·9-62·6) in 2022 (mean difference 17·3% [13·8-20·7]; p<0·0001), and the proportion of participants using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) increased from 18·7% (95% CI 9·5-28·0) in 2016 to 81·7% (73·0-90·4) in 2022 (mean difference 63·0% [50·3-75·7]; p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: Between 2013 and 2022, glycaemic outcomes have improved, parallel to increased use of diabetes technology. Many children had HbA1c higher than the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) 2022 target. Reassuringly, despite targeting lower HbA1c, severe hypoglycaemia event rates are decreasing. Even for children with type 1 diabetes who have access to specialised diabetes care and diabetes technology, further advances in diabetes management are required to assist with achieving ISPAD glycaemic targets. FUNDING: None. TRANSLATIONS: For the Norwegian, German, Czech, Danish and Swedish translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 * epidemiology   blood   drug therapy   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Glycated Hemoglobin * analysis   MeSH
• Hypoglycemia epidemiology   MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents * therapeutic use   MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Blood Glucose * analysis   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Registries * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Glycemic Control statistics & numerical data   methods   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Early life socioeconomic disadvantage and adverse experiences may lead to overeating, which is in turn associated with increased body mass index (BMI). However, recent evidence indicated that the association between childhood BMI and overeating might be bidirectional. This bidirectionality prompts the need for further investigation of early life predictors of BMI in childhood. OBJECTIVES: To longitudinally assess the directionality of the association between childhood BMI and perceived overeating and to investigate their antecedent early life predictors. METHODS: The sample included data from 5151 children from the ELSPAC study, collected between 18 months and 11 years of child age. The outcomes were child BMI and mother-reported overeating, assessed at the age of 3, 5, 7 and 11 years. Predictors included maternal BMI, maternal education, single parenthood, financial difficulties and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reported by parents and paediatricians. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied. RESULTS: The mean child's BMI at age 3 was 15.59 kg/m2 and increased to 17.86 kg/m2 at age 11. The percentage of parent-reported overeating increased in the following period, from about 12% at age 3 to 17% at age 11. The results showed temporal stability in perceived overeating and BMI, with a bidirectional relationship strengthening over time. The child's BMI was associated with maternal BMI. Maternal BMI was positively associated with child-perceived overeating, but a stronger effect was found for ACEs. ACEs mediated the impact of maternal education, financial difficulties and single parenthood on overeating. CONCLUSIONS: We observed stable bidirectional associations between BMI and perceived overeating. The results indicated two main pathways: one linked to maternal BMI and early childhood BMI increase followed by perceived overeating and the second associated with ACEs mediating the effect of early childhood social factors on perceived overeating, leading to gradual BMI gain.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Hyperphagia * psychology   epidemiology   MeSH
• Body Mass Index * MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Mothers psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Adverse Childhood Experiences * statistics & numerical data   psychology   MeSH
• Pediatric Obesity * epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Adolescents' movement behaviours (MB) vary between schooldays and weekends, potentially impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and well-being. This study aimed to identify transitions between 24-h MB profiles on schooldays and weekends and examine their associations with HRQoL and well-being. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 1070 Czech adolescents (average age: 13.8 years and standard deviation: 2.2 years; 56% girls). Participants wore accelerometers for 7 consecutive days to assess physical activity (PA) of different intensities, sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep. A subsample of 451 participants provided data on HRQoL, which was measured using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and 484 provided valid well-being data measured with the 5-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index. Latent transition analysis was used on the MB variables to identify transitions across MB profiles, and linear regression was used to examine associations between transitions and HRQoL or well-being. RESULTS: Four MB profiles were identified: Excellent (high PA, low SB and high sleep duration), Good (average MB values), Fair (below-average PA and sleep, above-average SB) and Poor (low PA and sleep, high SB). Most adolescents transitioned to less favourable profiles on weekends. Those remaining in the Excellent profile had higher HRQoL than those transitioning to less favourable profiles. Transitions to the Poor profile were associated with the lowest HRQoL and well-being scores. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the dynamic nature of adolescents' MB and the importance of consistent, healthy routines. Interventions optimizing 24-h MB throughout the week and especially on weekends may enhance adolescent HRQoL and well-being, but further evidence from longitudinal and intervention studies is needed. SUMMARY: We observed a contrast in 24-h MB between schooldays and weekends: 29.7% of adolescents were in the Excellent on schooldays, but only 5.8% did so on weekends, while the prevalence of the Poor profile rose from 1.6% on schooldays to 27.7% on weekends. Adolescents who maintained the Excellent profile across the whole week recorded the highest scores for HRQoL and well-being. Moving into the Poor profile on weekend was associated with about 9 points poorer HRQoL and 14 points lower well-being, compared with peers who remained in the Excellent profile. Behaviour change strategies should target the entire week to preserve PA, reduce SB and protect sleep.

• MeSH
• Accelerometry MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Adolescent Behavior * psychology   physiology   MeSH
• Exercise * psychology   physiology   MeSH
• Quality of Life * psychology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Sedentary Behavior MeSH
• Sleep physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Promoting healthy aging through physical activity (PA) is crucial as the global population grows older. Traditional interventions often fail to engage older adults, underlining the need for personalized, timely approaches. Smartphone-delivered PA interventions can offer personalized support during opportune moments for behavioral change. The current study examined whether the receptivity of inactive older adults influences compliance with mHealth walking suggestions after inactivity, and explored their experiences with it. Thirty healthy older adults (mean age 73.9 years) participated in the study and answered event-based EMA questionnaires via HealthReact after each 30-minute inactivity period. Emotions, physical complaints, intention, self-efficacy, perceived walking, and environmental permissiveness were assessed. Walking suggestions followed each EMA, and semi-structured interviews were conducted post-study. Multilevel logistic regressions in R were applied, and qualitative data were thematically analyzed using NVivo. Results show that higher intention, self-efficacy, and environmental permissiveness positively correlated with compliance, while higher perceived walking negatively correlated. Participants generally found the suggestions motivating and well-timed, but some reported increased alertness and pressure. Consequently, tailoring interventions to individual needs and targeting receptive moments can enhance compliance and promote healthier aging through increased PA. Future mobile interventions should consider self-efficacy, intention, prior activity, and environmental conditions to improve effectiveness.

• MeSH
• Patient Compliance * psychology   MeSH
• Walking * psychology   MeSH
• Smartphone MeSH
• Exercise psychology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Health Promotion * methods   MeSH
• Self Efficacy MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Telemedicine MeSH
• Intention MeSH
• Healthy Aging * psychology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: The online environment provides adolescents with vast amounts of health-related information; however, navigating this effectively requires high levels of eHealth literacy to avoid misinformation and harmful content. Parental guidance is often considered a crucial factor in shaping adolescents' online health behaviors; however, there is limited longitudinal research examining how parental eHealth literacy mediation influences adolescents' development of eHealth literacy over time. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the reciprocal relationship between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy. It also investigates whether parental education moderates this relationship, specifically exploring whether higher levels of parental education enhance the effectiveness of eHealth literacy mediation in improving adolescents' eHealth literacy. METHODS: A 3-wave longitudinal study was conducted, collecting data from 2500 adolescent-parent pairs. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied to assess the reciprocal effects between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy across the 3 waves. Parental education was included in the model as a potential moderating variable to examine whether it influences the strength of the relationship between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy. RESULTS: The findings revealed no significant within-person effects, indicating that changes in parental eHealth literacy mediation over time did not lead to corresponding changes in adolescents' eHealth literacy (T1→T2 β=-.03, P=.65; T2→T3 β=.01, P=.84), and vice versa (T1→T2 β=.02, P=.71; T2→T3 β=-.07, P=.19). Furthermore, the data did not support a moderating effect of parental education, suggesting that higher educational attainment does not enhance the impact of parental eHealth literacy mediation. However, a significant between-person association was observed: adolescents with higher levels of eHealth literacy tend to have parents who engage more frequently in eHealth literacy mediation (r=0.30, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the understanding of parental involvement in shaping adolescents' eHealth literacy. Contrary to expectations, parental eHealth literacy mediation does not appear to have a significant longitudinal impact on the development of adolescents' eHealth literacy, nor does higher parental education strengthen this relationship. These findings suggest that additional factors beyond parental mediation and education may play a critical role in supporting adolescents' ability to navigate online health information effectively.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Parents * MeSH
• Telemedicine * MeSH
• Parent-Child Relations * MeSH
• Health Literacy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Maternal alcohol consumption can adversely affect children's development, but the impact of paternal drinking is less understood. We aimed to investigate whether maternal or paternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy affected children's mental health and behavior. METHODS: A total of 2,013 parent-child triads from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood cohort were used. Data on alcohol consumption was obtained from questionnaires during pregnancy and after the child's birth. Mental health and behavior of children were assessed with Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The associations were tested using linear regression, adjusting for socio-demographic and psychosocial covariates. RESULTS: Increased maternal alcohol consumption was associated with higher total SDQ scores at ages 7, 11, and 18 years old when the outcomes were reported by mothers, but only at 11 years when reported by children. We did not observe any dose-response relationship, and the effect size did not change during the follow-up. The effects were observed across various domains of SDQ: in the emotional symptoms subscale at age 11, in the conduct problems subscale at ages 7 and 11, and in the hyperactivity/inattention subscale at age 18. Paternal alcohol consumption was not associated with SDQ. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with long-term effects on children's mental health and behavior, particularly when reported by mothers. No association was found between paternal alcohol consumption, suggesting that the results may stem from biological effects of alcohol or other factors beyond the direct exposure, potentially encompassing broader maternal psychosocial or behavioral characteristics.

• MeSH
• Child Behavior * MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Mothers * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Fathers * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Alcohol Drinking * adverse effects   epidemiology   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects * epidemiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

BACKGROUND: The education of healthcare professionals, including nurses, represents a critical intersection with health systems science (HSS), which is often considered the third pillar of healthcare education alongside basic and clinical sciences. Despite the amount of research on nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains a gap in analysis from an HSS perspective. METHODS: A Comparative Education Approach involving undergraduate nursing programs (UNPs) across Europe, with longitudinal data collection from 2002 to 2023. The aim of the study was threefold: (a) to summarize the overall changes in UNPs during the COVID-19 pandemic; (b) to identify the changes retained in the post-pandemic era; and (c) to identify the impact of the pandemic on nursing education as perceived by nurse educators across nine European countries. RESULTS: This study compares the changes in nursing education in European countries during and after the COVID-19 pandemic using a qualitative approach with data from nine universities. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on education provision. During the first wave, government restrictions forced a complete shift to online learning for theory classes, clinical training and laboratories. In subsequent waves, a hybrid format was chosen that combined online and face-to-face sessions. A major challenge was the placement of nursing students alongside general university students. This approach neglected their need for practical clinical training, which is crucial for their future careers. To compensate for the lack of clinical hours, various alternative teaching methods were introduced. Students were also offered the opportunity to volunteer in large-scale public health initiatives such as vaccination and testing campaigns, although bedside care for COVID-19 patients remained limited. The pandemic has also left its mark in the post-pandemic period. Some UNPs have retained elements of online education, notably lectures, research seminars, meetings, consultations and even online exams. Interestingly, an initial increase in applicant numbers was observed at six of the nine participating UNPs. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has widened the gap between university-educated nurses and the clinical setting, i.e. between theory and practise, underlining the importance of HSS in nursing education. Rebuilding strong partnerships is crucial, but simply returning to the pre-pandemic model is not enough. To ensure uninterrupted education during future crises, proactive planning, including the creation of predefined protocols for collaboration, is essential. The pandemic underscores the need for closer alignment between the two sectors, which would better equip future nurses with the skills they need to thrive in the nursing workforce and ensure they are prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiology   MeSH
• Education, Distance trends   MeSH
• Curriculum MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Pandemics MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate * trends   organization & administration   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

BACKGROUND: Exposure to benzophenone-1 (BP-1) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3), widely used as UV filters in personal care products, has been associated with adverse health effects. However, epidemiological evidence is limited and inconclusive, particularly in vulnerable populations such as teenagers. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between BP-1 and BP-3 concentrations and obesity, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and asthma/allergy outcomes in European teenagers, including possible sex-specific associations. METHODS: A multi-country cross-sectional study was conducted using pooled data from six aligned studies from the Human Biomonitoring for Europe Initiative (HBM4EU). Sociodemographic data, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and asthma/allergy outcomes were collected through questionnaires. Anthropometric data and BMI z-scores were calculated (n = 1339). Plasma/serum cardiometabolic biomarkers and asthma/allergy outcomes were available for a subsample (n = 173-594). Urinary BP-1 and BP-3 concentrations were adjusted for creatinine dilution using the traditional standardization (trad.) and the covariate-adjusted creatinine standardization (CAS) method. Generalized additive models, linear, logistic, and multinomial mixed models were applied, and sex-interaction terms were tested. RESULTS: Each natural log-unit increase in urinary BP-3 (CAS) concentrations was associated with higher odds of obesity in the whole population (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.04-1.38). Sex-specific associations were also found with BP-1 (CAS) and BP-3 (CAS) concentrations, which were associated with higher odds of obesity in male teenagers (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.01-1.55; OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.09-1.65, respectively). Linear mixed models showed consistent findings toward higher BMI z-scores. A negative association was found between BP-1 (CAS) concentration and serum adiponectin levels in females (% change per loge-unit increase: -3.73, 95%CI: -7.32, -0.10). BP-3 (CAS) concentrations were also associated with higher odds of non-food allergies in males (OR: 1.27; 95%CI: 1.00-1.63). Traditional creatinine adjustment showed similar or slightly attenuated estimates compared to the CAS method. CONCLUSIONS: BP-1 and BP-3 exposure was cross-sectionally associated with higher odds of obesity in European male teenagers, highlighting the need to update regulations and keep exposure levels as low as practically achievable. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• MeSH
• Hypersensitivity * epidemiology   MeSH
• Benzophenones * toxicity   urine   adverse effects   MeSH
• Biomarkers blood   MeSH
• Biological Monitoring MeSH
• Asthma * epidemiology   chemically induced   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Obesity * epidemiology   chemically induced   MeSH
• Sunscreening Agents * adverse effects   MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Environmental Exposure * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

Identifying biological markers to guide treatment decisions in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is essential for improving patient outcomes. This longitudinal study investigated DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns and DNAm-derived cell-type proportions (CTP) in blood and associated them with response to risperidone treatment, a second-generation antipsychotic drug, in antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients. We also explored longitudinal changes in DNAm associated with risperidone treatment. We profiled DNAm in 114 individuals before (anFEP) and after two months of risperidone treatment using microarrays. The main results were compared with 115 healthy controls and validated in an independent cohort of subjects with schizophrenia (n = 26) with one-month follow-up data. We identified 302 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with treatment response, measured by changes in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score, of which 16 were validated in the independent cohort. Sixteen differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were associated with response, with one (in SIPA1L3) being validated. A decrease in B-cell proportions was correlated with symptom improvement in both cohorts. Additionally, four DMPs associated with risperidone treatment were identified: two related to the psychotic state and two specifically to risperidone treatment. DNAm-derived CTP showed alterations in anFEP compared with controls, particularly in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which normalized after treatment. These findings suggest that DNAm, particularly in B-cells, may be a promising marker for monitoring response to risperidone treatment in schizophrenia. Our longitudinal study revealed novel and known genes that may be regulated by risperidone and could be used as response markers to improve prognosis in schizophrenia and FEP.

• MeSH
• Antipsychotic Agents * therapeutic use   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• DNA Methylation * drug effects   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Psychotic Disorders * drug therapy   genetics   blood   MeSH
• Risperidone * therapeutic use   pharmacology   MeSH
• Schizophrenia * drug therapy   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH