Pulse wave velocity
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... Arterial Stiffness and Pulse Wave Velocity -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 -- FOREWORD 5 -- INDICES ... ... arteries 20 -- References 23 -- CHAPTER III 25 -- Pulse wave velocity. ... ... Principles and measurement -- Definition 25 -- Principles 25 -- Calculation of pulse wave velocity 33 ... ... -- Pulse wave velocity as a marker 136 -- References 142 -- CHAPTER VII 143 -- Pulse wave velocity and ... ... therapy -- Pulse wave velocity and drug therapy 143 -- Pulse wave velocity and non-pharmacological therapy ...
1st ed. 167 s. : il., tab. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- pulzatilní průtok MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- rychlost toku krve MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- angiologie
- kardiologie
Cíl studie: Cílem naší studie bylo porovnat neinvazivní monitoraci pomocí esCCO (monitor Vismo od firmy NihonKohden) s monitorací LiDCOrapid, na našem pracovišti rutinně používanou u rizikových pacientů podstupujících břišní operaci. Typ studie: Observační. Typ pracoviště: Operační sály (všeobecná chirurgie) fakultní nemocnice. Materiál a metoda: Do studie byli zařazeni pacienti ASA III, u nichž byla plánována břišní operace delší než 90 minut. Srdeční výdej byl měřen metodami esCCO a LiDCOrapid zároveň. První měření bylo provedeno před úvodem do anestezie a poté každých 15 minut během operace. Poslední měření bylo zaznamenáno po extubaci pacienta. Výsledky obou technik byly porovnány metodami Bland-Altman a polárním grafem ke zjištění shody v srdečním výdeji a jeho změnách. Výsledky: Celkem bylo shromážděno 141 párových měření od deseti pacientů. Bland-Altmanova analýza korigovaná pro opakovaná měření ukázala chybu (bias) + 1,2 l/min, hranice shody (limits of agreement) ? 2,6 l/min a procentuální chybu 57 %. Míra shody ve směru změny mezi dvěma po sobě jdoucími měřeními mezi monitorem esCCO a tomu odpovídajícím měřením pomocí LiDCOrapid byla 80 %. Metodikou polárního grafu byla určena úhlová chyba (angular bias) +11° s radiálními limity shody (limits of agreement) -40° a +62°. Závěr: Monitorace hemodynamiky pomocí esCCO přináší výsledky odlišné od těch naměřených metodou LiDCOrapid. V současné době neinvazivní monitorace pomocí esCCO nepředstavuje plnohodnotnou náhradu pro monitoraci pomocí LiDCOrapid.
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the esCCO Vismo (Nihon Kohden, Japan) monitor to the routinely used LiDCOrapid (LiDCO Group, Great Britain) monitor in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Design: Observational study. Setting: General surgery operating theatres in a University Hospital. Materials and methods: ASA III patients scheduled for elective major abdominal surgery with expected operation duration over 90 minutes were included in the study. Cardiac output measurements by esCCO and LiDCOrapid were recorded before induction of anaesthesia, every 15 min throughout the surgery and after extubation. The agreement and trending ability of the two methods were tested with the Bland-Altman analysis and polar plot, respectively. Results: A total of 141 paired readings from 10 patients were collected. The Bland-Altman analysis corrected for repeated measures showed a bias of +1.2 l/min, limits of agreement ?2.6 l/min and percentage error of 57 %. The direction of change between consecutive esCCO measurements and the corresponding LiDCOrapid measurements showed a concordance rate of 80 %. In the polar plot, the angular bias was +11° with radial limits of agreement from -40° to +62°. Conclusion: Hemodynamic monitoring with esCCO yields cardiac output values different from those measured by LiDCOrapid. esCCO cannot be currently recommended as a reliable surrogate for LiDCOrapid.
- Klíčová slova
- esCCO, LiDCO,
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- diagnostické techniky kardiovaskulární MeSH
- hemodynamika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minutový srdeční výdej MeSH
- monitorování fyziologických funkcí * metody MeSH
- perioperační péče * metody MeSH
- pozorovací studie jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
Úvod: Měření práce myokardu (myocardial work, MW) představuje novou echokardiografickou metodu založenou na sledování smyčky tlak-deformace srdeční komory, což umožňuje kvantifikovat výkonnost srdce. Na druhé straně rychlost pulsní vlny (pulse wave velocity, PWV) určuje tuhost tepen na základě poznatku, že se zvyšující se tuhostí tepny se zvyšuje i rychlost anterográdního a retrográdního přenosu sfygmické vlny. Cíl: Cílem této studie bylo stanovit korelaci mezi parametry MW a PWV. Metody: Do studie jsme zařazovali všechny po sobě následující pacienty bez kardiovaskulárního onemocnění, kteří v období mezi červnem 2021 a červencem 2022 absolvovali transtorakální dopplerovské echokardio- grafické vyšetření. Hodnoty MW byly vypočítány ze smyčky tlak-deformace srdeční komory, do níž byly začleněny hodnoty neinvazivního vyšetření tepenného tlaku podle doporučení pro standardní echokardiogracfické vyšetření metodou "speckle tracking". Hodnota PWV se měřila tonometrem na úrovni společné karotidy a společné femorální tepny. Výsledky: Celkem bylo do studie zařazeno 66 pacientů průměrného věku 30,7 ± 8,6 roku. Byla nalezena statisticky významná negativní korelace mezi PWV a celkovou zbytečně vynaloženou energií (global wasted energy, GWE) (r = -0,317; p < 0,01) při korelaci s celkovou zbytečně vynaloženou prací (global wasted work, GWW) (r = 0,324; p < 0,01). Statisticky významná korelace přetrvávala v podskupinách žen i mužů u GWE (ženy: r = -0,280; p < 0,05; muži: r = -0,362; p < 0,05) i u GWW (ženy: r = 0,359; p < 0,05; muži: r = 0,359; p < 0,05). Závěr: Vztah mezi MW a PWV jako projev součinnosti mezi levou komorou a velkými tepnami může potenciálně představovat užitečný nástroj pro časné odhalení subklinické dysfunkce kardiovaskulárního systému.
Introduction: The myocardial work (MW) is a new echocardiographic method, based on the pressure-strain loop, which allows quantifying the cardiac performance. On the other hand, the pulse wave velocity (PWV) evaluates arterial stiffness, knowing that as the stiffness of an artery increases, the transmission velocity of the anterograde and the retrograde sphygmic wave increases. Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the correlation between MW and PWV parameters. Methods: We enrolled consecutively all patients without cardiovascular disease who underwent transthora- cic Doppler echocardiography between June 2021 and July 2022. The MW parameters were derived from the strain-pressure loop, including in its calculation the measurement non-invasive arterial pressure, according to standard speckle tracking echocardiography recommendations. The PWV measurement was obtained by tonometry at the level of the common carotid artery and the common femoral artery. Results: We enrolled 66 patients (mean age: 30.7±8.6 years). There was a significant inversely proportio- nal correlation between PWV and GWE (r = –0.317; p <0.01) meanwhile there was a directly proportional correlation with GWW (r = 0.324; p <0.01). The statistically significant correlation remained in the female and male subgroups for GWE (female: r = –0.280; p <0.05; male: r = –0.362; p <0.05) and GWW (female: r = 0.359; p <0.05; male: r = 0.359; p <0.05). Conclusion: The relationship between MW and PWV as a demonstration of ventricular arterial coupling may potentially be a useful tool in the early recognition of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny * metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- dopplerovská echokardiografie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- srdce * fyziologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Itálie MeSH
The study was aimed at investigating the arterial stiffness assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the presence of primary hyperparathyroidism (PH), with and without concomitant hypertension. Subsequently, we examined the effect of parathyroidectomy (PTX) on arterial stiffness. A total of 28 patients with PH and concomitant hypertension, and 16 with PH without hypertension were investigated in comparison with 28 essential hypertensive patients and 18 healthy controls, respectively. Patients were matched for age, blood pressure (BP), body mass index, lipid profile and fasting glucose. Six months after PTX, 15 patients were examined again (hypertensive as well as normotensive). PWV was obtained using the SphygmoCor applanation tonometer (AtCor Medical, West Ryde, Australia). PWV was significantly higher in patients with PH and hypertension when compared with patients with essential hypertension (10.1 vs. 8.5 ms(-1), P=0.013). PWV remained significant even after adjustment for age and BP (P=0.02). Similarly, PWV was significantly higher in PH patients without hypertension in comparison with healthy controls (7.6 vs. 5.8 ms(-1), P<0.001). Six months after surgery, in addition to a normalization of calcium metabolism, a significant decrease in systolic BP (131 vs. 123 mmHg, P=0.004) and PWV (9.1 vs. 8.5 ms(-1), P=0.024) was observed. After adjusting for BP reduction, the decrease in PWV appeared non-significant. Our data indicate that PH increases PWV as a marker of arterial stiffness, in both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients. However, neither the calcium serum level nor the parathyroid hormone level has been associated with PWV. Specific treatment by PTX significantly decreases PWV, which may be determined primarily by improved BP control after surgery.
- MeSH
- hypertenze patofyziologie MeSH
- krevní glukóza fyziologie MeSH
- krevní tlak fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy krev MeSH
- omezení příjmu potravy fyziologie MeSH
- paratyreoidektomie MeSH
- primární hyperparatyreóza patofyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- pulzatilní průtok fyziologie MeSH
- rychlost toku krve fyziologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- vápník krev metabolismus MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Pulse wave velocity is a commonly used parameter for evaluating arterial stiffness and the overall condition of the cardiovascular system. The main goal of this study was to establish a methodology to test and validate multichannel bioimpedance as a suitable method for whole-body evaluations of pulse waves. We set the proximal location over the left carotid artery and eight distal locations on both the upper and lower limbs. In this way, it was possible to simultaneously evaluate pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the upper and lower limbs and in the limbs via four extra PWV measurements. Data were acquired from a statistical group of 220 healthy subjects who were divided into three age groups. The data were then analysed. We found a significant dependency of aortic PWV on age in those values measured using the left carotid as the proximal. PWV values in the upper and lower limbs were found to have no significant dependency on age. In addition, the PWV in the left femoral artery shows comparable values to published already carotid-femoral values. Those findings prove the reliability of whole-body multichannel bioimpedance for pulse wave velocity evaluation and provide reference values for whole-body PWV measurement.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny * metody MeSH
- arteriae carotides MeSH
- dolní končetina MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- stárnutí * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) is the seventh cause of death worldwide. One of the reasons is late diagnosis of vascular damage. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has become an independent marker of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk. Moreover, the previous studies have shown the importance of beat-to-beat PWV measurement due to its variability among the heart cycle. However, variability of PWV (PWVv) of the whole body hasn't been examined yet. We have studied a group of DM II and heathy volunteers, to investigate the beat-to-beat mean PWV (PWVm) and PWVv in the different body positions. PWV of left lower and upper extremities were measured in DM2 (7 m/8 f, age 68+/-10 years, BP 158/90+/-19/9 mm Hg) and healthy controls (5 m/6 f, age 23+/-2 years, BP 117/76+/-9/5 mm Hg). Volunteers were lying in the resting position and of head-up-tilt in 45° (HUT) for 6 min. PWVv was evaluated as a mean power spectrum in the frequency bands LF and HF (0.04-0.15 Hz, 0.15-0.5 Hz). Resting PWVm of upper extremity was higher in DM2. HUT increased lower extremity PWVm only in DM2. Extremities PWVm ratio was significantly lower in DM2 during HUT compared to controls. LF and HF PWVv had the same response to HUT. Resting PWVv was higher in DM2. Lower extremity PWVv increased during HUT in both groups. PWVm and PWVv in DM2 differed between extremities and were significantly influenced by postural changes due to hydrostatic pressure. Increased resting PWVm and PWVv in DM2 is a marker of increased arterial stiffness.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny metody MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu metabolismus patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nemoci cév diagnóza metabolismus patologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- rychlost toku krve fyziologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) predicts cardiovascular events (CVEs) and total mortality (TM), but previous studies proposing actionable PWV thresholds have limited generalizability. This individual-participant meta-analysis is aimed at defining, testing calibration, and validating an outcome-driven threshold for PWV, using 2 populations studies, respectively, for derivation IDCARS (International Database of Central Arterial Properties for Risk Stratification) and replication MONICA (Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease Health Survey - Copenhagen). METHODS: A risk-carrying PWV threshold for CVE and TM was defined by multivariable Cox regression, using stepwise increasing PWV thresholds and by determining the threshold yielding a 5-year risk equivalent with systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg. The predictive performance of the PWV threshold was assessed by computing the integrated discrimination improvement and the net reclassification improvement. RESULTS: In well-calibrated models in IDCARS, the risk-carrying PWV thresholds converged at 9 m/s (10 m/s considering the anatomic pulse wave travel distance). With full adjustments applied, the threshold predicted CVE (hazard ratio [CI]: 1.68 [1.15-2.45]) and TM (1.61 [1.01-2.55]) in IDCARS and in MONICA (1.40 [1.09-1.79] and 1.55 [1.23-1.95]). In IDCARS and MONICA, the predictive accuracy of the threshold for both end points was ≈0.75. Integrated discrimination improvement was significant for TM in IDCARS and for both TM and CVE in MONICA, whereas net reclassification improvement was not for any outcome. CONCLUSIONS: PWV integrates multiple risk factors into a single variable and might replace a large panel of traditional risk factors. Exceeding the outcome-driven PWV threshold should motivate clinicians to stringent management of risk factors, in particular hypertension, which over a person's lifetime causes stiffening of the elastic arteries as waypoint to CVE and death.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny škodlivé účinky MeSH
- aorta MeSH
- arterie MeSH
- hypertenze * diagnóza epidemiologie komplikace MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the primary cause of death in diabetic patients and one of the explanations may be increased arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness assessment using pulse wave analysis, is a predictive factor of CV events. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of relations between diabetes mellitus and pulse wave analysis. A MEDLINE search was performed to retrieve both original and review articles addressing the relations and influences on arterial stiffness in diabetics. Pulse wave analysis is considered as a gold standard in CV risk evaluation for patients at risk, especially diabetics. Arterial stiffness assessment may be helpful for choosing more aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, particularly in younger patients to reduce the incidence of CV disease in these patients.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny * MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- diabetické angiopatie diagnóza etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- pulzatilní průtok fyziologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH