bioactive compound
Dotaz
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- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky biosyntéza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bacteria chemie metabolismus MeSH
- houby chemie metabolismus MeSH
- interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
- protinádorová antibiotika biosyntéza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- protinádorové látky izolace a purifikace MeSH
- screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
elektronický časopis
- Konspekt
- Farmacie. Farmakologie
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- elektronické časopisy
Cynomorium coccineum and Cynomorium songaricum are unusual parasitic plants in the family Cynomoriaceae characterized by their unusual appearance and way of life. Due to their special habit and extremely rare occurrence, in the past, various magical properties have been attributed to these plants. The plant Cynomorium coccineum, which is found in the Mediterranean, has been used in Europe since the Middle Ages in folk medicine under the name fungus maletensis (maltese fungus). It was used for the same purpose in Arabic cultures under the name tarthuth. The Asian species (Cynomorium songaricum), sometimes considered a subspecies of C. coccineum, is still used in traditional Chinese medicine under the name Suo Yang. Recent studies show that the plant has a number of beneficial effects on the body and there is a real possibility that the substances present in Suo Yang or substances derived therefrom will be used in the future for therapeutic purposes. Of particular interest are their effects on sexual function. Preclinical experiments in male rats showed an increase in fertility after administration of Cynomoriumextract. In these tests, an increase in the weight of the testes and an increase in the number of spermatozoa and their viability were observed. Cynomorium plants offer a new approach to the treatment of human infertility, which is currently a major problem.
- MeSH
- Cynomorium * MeSH
- farmakologické jevy MeSH
- fytonutrienty * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužská infertilita farmakoterapie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- spermie účinky léků MeSH
- tradiční lékařství MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
432 s. : il.
Chyawanprash (CP) is an Ayurvedic health supplement which is made up of a super-concentrated blend of nutrient-rich herbs and minerals. It is meant to restore drained reserves of life force (ojas) and to preserve strength, stamina, and vitality, while stalling the course of aging. Chyawanprash is formulated by processing around 50 medicinal herbs and their extracts, including the prime ingredient, Amla (Indian gooseberry), which is the world's richest source of vitamin C. Chyawanprash preparation involves preparing a decoction of herbs, followed by dried extract preparation, subsequent mixture with honey, and addition of aromatic herb powders (namely clove, cardamom, and cinnamon) as standard. The finished product has a fruit jam-like consistency, and a sweet, sour, and spicy flavor. Scientific exploration of CP is warranted to understand its therapeutic efficacy. Scattered information exploring the therapeutic potential of CP is available, and there is a need to assemble it. Thus, an effort was made to compile the scattered information from ancient Ayurvedic texts and treatises, along with ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, and scientifically validated literature, that highlight the role of CP in therapeutics. Citations relevant to the topic were screened.
Antimicrobial activity of crude seed extract of Moringa oleifera was investigated by thin layer chromatography bioassay against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Penicillium sclerotigenum; most of them were prominently inhibited by an isolate with R(F) 0.92-0.96. Characterization and identification of the extract revealed the occurrence of three bioactive compounds: 4-(?-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzyl isothiocyanate, methyl N-4-(?-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy) benzyl carbamate (both known compounds), and 4-(ß-D-glucopyranosyl-1›4-?-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-benzyl thiocarboxamide, existence of which in any Moringa spp. or plant is reported for the first time. The UV spectrum of the novel compound showed maximum absorption at 273 and 225 nm in MeOH while the IR spectrum revealed several characteristic bands at 3100, 2900, 1700, 1500, 1300, 1100 and 1000 cm(-1). The (1)H-NMR showed signals at 1.2 and 3.77 ppm and the (13)C-NMR presented signals at 155, 122, 91.7 and 98.4 ppm. All the compounds at 5 mg/L had very high bactericidal activity against some of test pathogens even at contact period 1-2 h. 4-(ß-D-Glucopyranosyl-1›4-?-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzyl thiocarboxamide was the most potent, with 99.2 % inhibition toward Shigella dysenteriae and 100 % toward Bacillus cereus, E. coli and Salmonella typhi within 4 h of contact.
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace účinky léků MeSH
- biotest MeSH
- chromatografie na tenké vrstvě metody MeSH
- glukosidy farmakologie MeSH
- glukosinoláty farmakologie chemie MeSH
- houby klasifikace účinky léků MeSH
- isothiokyanatany farmakologie chemie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti metody MeSH
- Moringa oleifera chemie MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty farmakologie chemie MeSH
- semena rostlinná chemie MeSH
Covalent modifications of thiol and amine groups may control the function of proteins involved in the regulatory and signaling pathways of the cell. In this study, we developed a simple cysteamine assay which can be used to study the reactivity of electrophilic compounds towards primary amine and thiol groups in an aqueous environment. The detection principle is based on the electrochemical, photometrical and mass spectrometric analyses of cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol) as the molecular probe. This technique is useful for studying the reaction kinetics of electrophiles with thiol (SH) and amino (NH2) groups. The decrease in analytical responses of cysteamine was monitored to evaluate the reactivity of three electrophilic activators of the Nrf2 pathway, which mediates the cellular stress response. The SH-reactivity under cell-free conditions of the tested electrophiles decreased in the following order: 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal ≥ nitro-oleic acid > sulforaphane. However, as shown in RAW264.7 cells, the tested compounds activated Nrf2-dependent gene expression in the opposite order: sulforaphane > nitro-oleic acid ≥ 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Although other factors in addition to chemical reactivity play a role in biological systems, we conclude that this cysteamine assay is a useful tool for screening potentially bioactive electrophiles and for studying their reactivity at a molecular level.
Hlošina okoličnatá (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.) je keř s ostnitými větvemi, který roste v chladných horských oblastech od jihovýchodní Evropy přes Malou Asii, Himálaj až do Číny, Japonska a Koreje. Má bílé, omamně vonící květy a jedlé, tmavě červené plody, asi 1 cm velké peckovice. Ty mají vysoký obsah vitaminů a karotenoidů a působí antioxidačně. Plody jsou považovány za funkční potravinu a celá rostlina má pevné místo v tradiční medicíně mnoha východních zemí. Současný etnofarmakologický výzkum ukazuje význam hlošiny okoličnaté i pro současnou západní medicínu.
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. is a nitrogen-fixing deciduous shrub with spiny branches that grows in cold mountainous areas ranging from southeastern Europe through Asia Minor, the Himalayas to China, Japan and Korea. It has white, fragrant flowers and edible, dark red fruits, about 1 cm in size. They contain a large amount of bioactive compounds which posess bioactivity such as antioxidant (vitamins and carotenoids) and antibacterial properties. The fruits are considered as a functional food and the whole plant has a firm place in the traditional medicine of many eastern countries. Current ethnopharmacological research shows the importance of Elaeagnus umbellata for contemporary Western medicine.
- MeSH
- Elaeagnaceae * chemie účinky léků MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
