• MeSH
• barva MeSH
• diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
• histologické techniky MeSH
• histologie MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• voda MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH

Introduction. The presence of a velocity in isovolumic contraction phase (Vivc) evaluated using tissue Pulse wave Doppler myocardial imaging (PWDMI) correlates with a transmural extent of scar after myocardial infarction. The possible clinical usefulness of Vivc evaluated using color Doppler myocardial imaging (CDMI) in detection of a scar after myocardial infarction extent in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and low LV systolic function remains to be clarified. Patients and methods. 57 patients with CHD (average LVEF 33.5±5%), examined echocardiographicaly (17-segment LV model, 689 segments evaluated) and by cardiac magnetic resonance. All segments were scanned for Vivc presence using CDMI. Vivc presence/absence was correlated with signs of a scar after MI in all segments and in akinetic segments separately. Results. We found significantly larger values of wall thickness (8.2±2,2 vs. 7.1±1.9, p<0.0001), significantly lower values of average late enhancement (LE) extent (1.32±1.78 vs. 1.66±1.98, p=0.041) and LE/wall thickness ratio (20.1±29.8 vs. 29.6±36.7, p=0.008) in segments with present Vivc. Vivc presence in a segment with an abnormal wall motion had a sensitivity of 72.9% and a specificity of 35.7% in recognizing a segment without a transmural scar (LE/ wall thickness ratio ?75%). Vivc absence in a segment with an abnormal wall motion had a sensitivity of 72.7% and a specificity of 41.2% in recognizing a segment with a transmural scar (LE/wall thickness ratio ?75%). Conclusions. Isovolumic velocities evaluation assessed using color Doppler myocardial imaging is not applicable in a real-world clinical setting. The presence or absence of a velocity pattern during LV isovolumic contraction is not useful in in the assessment of a post-infarction scar transmurality.

• MeSH
• barevná dopplerovská echokardiografie MeSH
• infarkt myokardu patologie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• jizva etiologie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• kontrakce myokardu MeSH
• koronární nemoc patofyziologie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• myokard patologie   MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• tepový objem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare intracranial arterial stenosis in patients with stroke using 3 different methods: transcranial color-coded duplex sonography, computed tomographic (CT) angiography, and digital subtraction angiography in a common clinical practice. METHODS: Sixty-seven patients (47 male and 20 female; age range, 23-79 years; mean age ± SD, 62.0 ± 9.5 years) were enrolled in this study over 40 months. All patients underwent examinations of the intracranial arteries using transcranial color-coded sonography, CT angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. Findings were divided into 4 groups: normal, mild stenosis (<50%), severe stenosis (50%-99%), and occlusion. RESULTS: Because of technical reasons or an insufficient bone window, 465 of 536 arterial segments in 67 patients were evaluated; 12 stenotic and 15 occluded segments were detected using digital subtraction angiography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of transcranial color-coded sonography and CT angiography in comparison with digital subtraction angiography as a reference standard were 88.9%, 94.8%, 51.1%, and 99.3% and 81.5%, 98.7%, 78.6%, and 98.6%, respectively. The agreement between transcranial color-coded sonography and CT angiography was 93.8% (κ = 0.559); between transcranial color-coded sonography and digital subtraction angiography, it was 93.9% (κ = 0.588); and between CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography, it was 96.6% (κ = 0.697). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate agreement was found between CT angiography, transcranial color-coded sonography, and digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of intracranial stenosis. Computed tomographic angiography and digital subtraction angiography are sufficient for assessment of the diagnosis.

• MeSH
• arteriální okluzní nemoci radiografie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda radiografie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozková angiografie metody   MeSH
• mozkový krevní oběh MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská transkraniální metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A reliable and safe diagnostic procedure for vertebral artery (VA) stenosis is needed, but none is generally accepted yet. In our study, we evaluated symptomatic VA stenoses using color Doppler sonography (CDS). CT angiography (CTA) has been employed as a non-invasive reference method. Next, we tested the accuracy for medium to high degree stenoses by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two symptomatic patients with a proximal VA stenosis were examined prospectively with CDS and CTA. The VA diameters by both methods were correlated. The stenotic peak systolic velocity (PSV1) and its ratio to the post-stenotic segment (PSVr) were analysed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Cut-off values for PSV1 and PSVr defining moderate and severe stenosis were assessed. In stenoses≥50%, an additional search for correlation with DSA was carried out. RESULTS: Mean VA diameter was 3.561mm (95% CI 3.361-3.760) by CDS and 4.180 (95% CI, 3.950-4.411) by CTA, accompanied with significant similarity in Pearson' correlation (0.847, P<0.001). The PSV1 and PSVr appeared to be equally accurate for VA stenoses of 50% or more (PSV 1-AUC 0.814, P<0.001, cut-off velocity≥1.35m/s, PSVr-AUC 0.819, P<0.001 with a cut-off value≥2.2). Final Spearman' correlation of CTA results vs DSA was highly significant (0.823, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results endorse the non-invasive combination of CDS with CTA in the evaluation of VA stenosis as a reliable diagnostic algorithm, tightly correlating with DSA.

• MeSH
• angiografie metody   MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná metody   MeSH
• vertebrobazilární insuficience diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• atlas, oftalmologie, rohovka,
• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• oftalmologie

• MeSH
• hlava anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• krk anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Anatomie člověka a srovnávací anatomie
• NLK Obory
• anatomie

Cíl: U nemocných s ischemickou chorobou dolních končetin ověřit přesnost barevné duplexní ultrasonografie (BDU) v určení morfologie okluzivního arteriálního postižení. Zhodnotit význam metody při rozhodování o způsobu léčby. Materiál a metodika: Do studie byli zařazeni pacienti s ischemickou chorobou dolních končetin ve stadiu II. až IV. podle Fontainea. Stenóza byla kvantifikována pomocí parametru peak systolic velocity ratio. Hlavním sonografickým kritériem pro obliteracibyla absence dopplerovského signálu. Obliterace femoropopliteálního segmentu byly rozděleny na krátké (< 10 cm) a dlouhé ( >10 cm). Jako referenční metoda byla zvolena konvenční angiografie. Výsledky: Ultrasonografie byla provedena u 174 pacientů, u nichž bylo hodnoceno 220 dolních končetin a 1413 tepenných segmentů. Bylo diagnostikováno 389 závažných postižení. Celková přesnost metody pro určení stenózy > 50 % a obliterace byla 95 %, senzitivita 90 % a specificita 97 %. Shoda při určení délky obliterace femoropopliteálního úseku byla 94 %. Závěr: BDU je přesná neinvazivní metoda v určení morfologie a hemodynamické významnosti obstrukční leze tepen dolních končetin. Na základě znalosti morfologie arteriálního postižení stanovené duplexní ultrasonografií lze určit vhodný způsob léčby nemocných s ischemickou chorobou dolních končetin.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of information about the peripheral arterial obliteration character gained by colour duplex ultrasound (CDU) in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. To assess the value of this method in decision making about type of treatment. Angiography was chosen as a comparative method. Materiál and method: Patients with claudications and critical limb ischaemia were included in the study. Arterial system was imaged from subrenal aorta to the level of the ankle. The stenosis was quantified by peak systolic velocity ratio. Absence of the signal in colour and spectral Doppler record is the main diagnostic criterion of obliteration. Obliterations in the femoropopliteal segments were divided into short ones (< 10 cm) and long ones (> 10 cm). Results: 174 patients (220 lower extremities and 1413 arterial segments) were examined ultrasonographically and compared with angiography. 389 pathological affections were found. Total accuracy of CDU for prediction of stenosis greater than 50 % and obliteration was 95 %, sensitivity 90 % and specificity 97 %. Total agreement in the evaluation of the occlusion was 94 %. Conclusion: CDU is an accurate non-invasive method for determination of haemodynamicaUy significant affections of arterial system in aortoiliac, femoropopliteal as well as crural area. High agreement between CDU and AG enables to choose patients suitable for PTA only in the basis of CDU results.

• MeSH
• angiografie metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• arteriální okluzní nemoci diagnóza   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• dolní končetina MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• hemodynamika MeSH
• ischemie diagnóza   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• oftalmologie

• MeSH
• kontaktní čočky MeSH
• nemoci rohovky MeSH
• přední segment oční MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• oftalmologie

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this pilot study was to describe the impact of paced heart rate on left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony in synchronous compared to dyssynchronous pacing modes in patients with heart failure. METHODS: Echocardiography was performed in 14 cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) patients at paced heart rates of 70 and 90 bpm in synchronous- (CRT), and dyssynchronous (atrial pacing + wide QRS activation) pacing modes. LV dyssynchrony was quantified using the 12-segment standard deviation model (Ts-SD) derived from Tissue Doppler Imaging. In addition, cardiac cycle intervals were assessed using cardiac state diagrams and stroke volume (SV) and filling pressure were estimated. RESULTS: Ts-SD decreased significantly with CRT at 90 bpm (25 ± 12 ms) compared to 70 bpm (35 ± 15 ms, p = .01), but remained unchanged with atrial pacing at different paced heart rates (p = .96). The paced heart rate dependent reduction in Ts-SD was consistent when Ts-SD was indexed to average Ts and systolic time interval. Cardiac state diagram derived analysis of cardiac cycle intervals demonstrated a significant reduction of the pre-ejection interval and an increase in diastole with CRT compared to atrial pacing. SV was maintained at the higher paced heart rate with CRT pacing but decreased with atrial pacing. DISCUSSION: Due to the small sample size in this pilot study general and firm conclusions are difficult to render. However, the data suggest that pacing at higher heart rates acutely reduces remaining LV dyssynchrony during CRT, but not during atrial pacing with dyssynchronous ventricular activation. These results need confirmation in a larger patient cohort.

• MeSH
• barevná dopplerovská echokardiografie MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dysfunkce levé srdeční komory diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• funkce levé komory srdeční * MeSH
• komorový tlak (srdce) MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• pulzní dopplerovská echokardiografie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční frekvence * MeSH
• srdeční resynchronizační terapie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• srdeční selhání diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• tepový objem MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH