• MeSH
• 17-ketosteroidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• chelátory antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• steroly MeSH

Conversion factors of 23.6, 39.5 and 17.2 MJ/kg for protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents, respectively, are frequently used in fish studies to calculate the gross energy (GE) content of compound diets. Values predicted according to the above resulted in linear relationships of observed GE values with similar R (2) and mean prediction error (MPE) values when using either nitrogen-free extract (NFE) (R (2) = 0.5713, RMSE = 1.3134, MPE = 0.0741, n = 129, 32 studies) or starch (R (2) = 0.5665, RMSE = 1.6768, MPE = 0.0839, n = 190, 45 studies) as measurements of carbohydrate content. Apparent digestible carbohydrate content (either NFE or starch) was found to be linearly-related (R (2) values of 0.7531 and 0.7460, respectively) to its dietary content in compound fish diets. Predicted apparent digestible protein (ADP), lipid (DL) and carbohydrate contents, together with energy conversion factors, presented R (2) and MPE values of 0.6205 (RMSE = 1.2606) and 0.2051, respectively, between observed and predicted apparent digestible energy (ADE) content with NFE as measurement of carbohydrate content (n = 97, 17 studies, eight fish species). However, with carbohydrates quantified by starch content, an R (2) value of 0.7017 (RMSE = 1.7556) and MPE of 0.1055 were obtained (n = 37, 10 studies, five fish species).

• MeSH
• dieta veterinární   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• fyziologie výživy zvířat * MeSH
• fyziologie metody   MeSH
• konverzní poruchy MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata analýza   MeSH
• ryby metabolismus   MeSH
• vodní hospodářství metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• celková dávka radioterapie MeSH

• MeSH
• bezpečnost MeSH
• dávka záření MeSH
• elektrárny MeSH
• monitorování radiace normy   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• radiační ochrana normy   MeSH

Laparoskopická cholecystektomie je dnes metodou volby v léčbě symptomatické cholecystolitiázy, přestože část operací nemůže být laparoskopicky dokončena a je konvertována. V souboru 431 nemocných operovaných za poslední 2 roky hodnotíme pri'činy a predispozice konverze, kterou jsme provedli v 7,4 %. Signifikantně vyšší riziko jsme nalezli u osob starších 65 let, dále s ultrasonografickými známkami zesílení stěny žlučníku a pacientů S akutní cholecystitidou. Bez významného vlivu na riziko konverze se nám jeví pohlaví pacienta, obezita, stav po endoskopické retrográdní cholangiopankreatikografii, pankreatitidě a předchozí brišní operaci.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is nowadys the method of choice in treatment of sjnnptomatic cholecystolithiasis, despite the fact that some operations cannot be completed laparoscopically and are converted. In a group of 431 patients operated during the last two years the authors evaluate the causes and predispositions of conversion which was performed in 7.4%. A significantly higher risk was found in subjects above 65 years of age, in those with ultrasonographic signs of thickening ofthe gallbladder wall and patients with acute cholecystitis. The risk of conversion is not significantly influenced by the patient's sex, obesity, the condition after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography, pancreatitis and a previous abdominal operation.

• MeSH
• cholecystektomie laparoskopická škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• cholelitiáza chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

AIMS: Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine A (CyA) are cornerstones in immunosuppressive therapy. Cyclosporine side eff ects include hypertension and hypercholesterolemia both of which may increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality, gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism are known to reduce quality of life. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate changes in cardiovascular risk profile and cosmetic side eff ects after conversion from CyA to tacrolimus. METHODS: 25 stable kidney transplant recipients (9 male, 16 female) were converted from a CyA to a tacrolimus--based regimen. Mean age was 45.7 +/- 13.5 years. Time to switch following transplantation was 4.7+/-1.7 years. Reasons for conversion were multiple: arterial hypertension (9), hypertrichosis (3), gingival hyperplasia (3), hyperlipidemia (14). RESULTS: 19/25 patients completed the one year study period. One patient died, two returned to hemodialysis, two were switched back to CyA and one patient was lost to follow-up. There were statistically significant changes (p = < 0.05) in systolic and diastolic pressure and antihypertensive medication could be reduced in 13 patients. The dose of lipid-lowering agents could be reduced in the majority of the recipients and a complete withdrawal was achieved in 7 patients. Hypertrichosis and gingival hyperplasia resolved in all patients. Further, there was a significant improvement (p = <0.05) in urea and serum creatinine levels. Adverse events were consistent with the established safety profile for tacrolimus. CONCLUSIONS: Conversion to a tacrolimus-based regimen led to an improvement in the cardiovascular risk profile. Further, cosmetic side eff ects which may lead to non-compliance, resolved after the switch.

• MeSH
• cyklosporin škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hyperlipidemie chemicky indukované   MeSH
• hyperplazie dásní chemicky indukované   MeSH
• hypertenze chemicky indukované   MeSH
• hypertrichóza chemicky indukované   MeSH
• imunosupresiva škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• takrolimus terapeutické užití   MeSH
• transplantace ledvin MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

BACKGROUND: Accumulated endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedures will increase number of patients requiring conversion to open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). In most cases, patients undergo late open surgical conversion (LOSC), many months, or years, after initial EVAR. The aim of this study is to analyze results of LOSC after EVAR in elective and urgent setting, including presenting features, surgical techniques, as well as to review the clinical outcomes and their predictors. METHODS: Retrospective review of all consecutive patients undergoing LOSC after EVAR was performed at three distinct, high volume, vascular centers. Patients that required primary conversion within 30 days after EVAR have not been included in this study. Between January 1st 2010 and January 1st 2017 total of 31 consecutive patients were treated. LOSC were performed either in elective or in urgent setting, thus dividing patients in two groups. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality and secondary postoperative complications. RESULTS: LOSC rate after EVAR was 4.51%. Most common indication for LOSC was type I endoleak (N.=20, 64.51%). All patients that presented with ruptured AAA had some form of endoleak (type I endoleak was present in five from six cases). Most common site for aortic cross-clamping was infrarenal (51.61%). Stent-graft was removed completely in 18 patients (58.06%) and partially in 13 (41.93%). 30-day mortality rate was 16.12% (5 patients) and most common cause of death was myocardial infarction (60%). Following univariate factors were isolated as predictors for 30-day mortality: preoperative coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, urgent LOSC, prolonged time until LOSC, ruptured AAA, supraceliac clamp, higher number of red blood cell transfusion, postoperative myocardial infarction, and prolonged intubation (more than 48 hours). CONCLUSIONS: LOSC seems to be safe and effective procedure when preformed in elective manner. On the other side, urgent LOSC after EVAR is associated with very high postoperative mortality and morbidity. Endoleak remains the main indication for open conversion. Further studies are necessary to standardize timing and treatment options for failing EVAR.

• MeSH
• aneurysma břišní aorty diagnostické zobrazování   mortalita   chirurgie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cévy - implantace protéz škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• endoleak chirurgie   MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• konverze na otevřenou operaci metody   mortalita   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• mortalita v nemocnicích MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• příčina smrti * MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• reoperace metody   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• specializovaná centra se zvyšujícím se počtem výkonů a tím zvyšující se kvalitou léčby MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To test contemporary rates and predictors of open conversion at minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN: laparoscopic or robotic partial nephrectomy). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within the National Inpatient Sample database (2008-2015) we identified all MIPN patients and patients that underwent open conversion at MIPN. First, estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) tested temporal trends of open conversion. Second, univariable and multivariable logistic regression models predicted open conversion at MIPN. All models were weighted and adjusted for clustering, as well as all available patient and hospital characteristics. RESULTS: Of 7649 MIPN patients, 287 (3.8%) underwent open conversion. The rates of open conversion decreased over time (from 12 to 2.4%; EAPC: 24.8%; p = 0.004). In multivariable logistic regression models predicting open conversion, patient obesity achieved independent predictor status (OR:1.80; p < 0.001). Moreover, compared to high volume hospitals, medium volume (OR:1.48; p = 0.02) and low volume hospitals (OR:2.11; p < 0.001) were associated with higher rates of open conversion. Last but not least, when the effect of obesity was tested according to hospital volume, the rates of open conversion ranged from 2.2 (non obese patients treated at high volume hospitals) to 9.8% (obese patients treated at low volume hospitals). CONCLUSION: Overall contemporary (2008-2015) rate of open conversion at MIPN was 3.8% and it was strongly associated with patient obesity and hospital surgical volume. In consequence, these two parameters should be taken into account during preoperative patients counselling, as well as in clinical and administrative decision making.

• MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• konverze na otevřenou operaci statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• laparoskopie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony metody   MeSH
• nádory ledvin patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nefrektomie metody   MeSH
• obezita patofyziologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• robotika metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• specializovaná centra se zvyšujícím se počtem výkonů a tím zvyšující se kvalitou léčby statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: This study is aimed at identifying important risk factors associated with conversion of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Laparoscopic surgery is usually associated with less operative trauma, more favourable post-operative course and lower morbidity than open surgery. However, conversion is connected with some risks according to some authors. AIM: To identify the risk factors associated with conversion and to create a model to predict possible conversion for a patient before surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The source data file contained information about 649 patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery between 2001 and 2009 at the University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 54 cases. The variables gender, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, stage of disease, number of previous operations and operation severity were included in the analysis as the potential risk factors of conversion. Discriminant analysis was used for the data evaluation; statistical software SPSS 17 and NCSS 2004 were used for the calculations. RESULTS: The created model had only low discriminating ability. The variable ASA classification was identified as the most important risk factor of conversion, followed by the variables operation severity, gender and BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Discriminant analysis did not find the chosen input variables satisfactory enough to make a reasonable model for the prediction of conversion. The expected fact was confirmed that large bowel surgery and greater BMI mean greater risk of conversion, whereas there is no reason to refuse laparoscopy for a patient with higher ASA classification.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• diagnostické testy rutinní normy   MeSH
• mezinárodní soustava jednotek MeSH
• Publikační typ
• tabulky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NLK Obory
• biochemie