dialectic
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
Emočně nestabilní adolescenti představují rozsáhlou skupinu pacientů, kterými se v současnosti zabývají pedopsychiatrická pracoviště, jak ambulantního, tak lůžkového charakteru. Převážnou většinu tvoří adolescentní dívky, které přicházejí zejména pro úzkostně depresivní symptomatiku, sebepoškozování a suicidální chování. Emoční nestabilita v adolescenci představuje spektrum závažnosti, počínaje emoční labilitou obvyklou v dospívání, až po poruchy ve vývoji osobnosti, které mohou v nejzávažnějším případě vyústit do emočně nestabilní – hraniční poruchy osobnosti. Terapie vyžaduje integrovaný přístup, s důrazem na psychoterapii a rodinnou terapii, a také indikovanou farmakoterapii.
Emotionaly unstable adolescents represent a large group of patients currently dealt with pedopsychiatric facilities, both outpatient and inpatient. The vast majority are adolescent girl who come mainly for anxiety - depressive symptoms, self harm and suicidal behavior. Emotional instability in adolescence represents a spektrum of severity, starting with emotional lability common in adolescence, up to disturbances in personality development, which in the most serious case can reset in emotionally unstable - bordeline personality disorder. Therapy requires an integrated approach, with an emphasis on psychotherapy and family therapy, as well as indicated pharmacotherapy.
- MeSH
- dialektická behaviorální terapie metody MeSH
- hraniční porucha osobnosti * epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství * MeSH
- pokus o sebevraždu psychologie MeSH
- psychoterapie metody MeSH
- sebepoškozování MeSH
- selektivní inhibitory zpětného vychytávání serotoninu MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství * MeSH
Body odors offer a unique window into the physiological and psychological profile of the emitter. This information, broadcast in nonverbal communication, significantly shapes social interactions. However, effectively digitizing body odors requires a precise framework for perceptual operationalization. Previous research has used a very limited number of verbal terms, such as pleasant, intense, or attractive, which fails to adequately capture qualitative differences. To address this gap, we elicited body odor descriptions from 2,607 participants across 17 countries and 13 languages. All these descriptions are presented here in one dataset, together with a condensed list of 25 body odor words (BOW). Those terms reliably differentiated between body states, and were validated in a separate study with a different group of 155 perceivers. The dataset, available as a web application, provides a novel operationalization of body odor impressions, which is a precondition for studying olfaction in human nonverbal communication, for perception-based digitization of body odors and for comparative studies.
- MeSH
- čich MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neverbální komunikace * MeSH
- odoranty * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- dataset MeSH
The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that configural and metric invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional SWLS model has universal applicability. Full scalar invariance was achieved across gender identities and age groups. Based on alignment optimisation methods, partial scalar invariance was achieved across all but three national groups and across all languages represented in the BINS. There were large differences in latent SWLS means across nations and languages, but negligible-to-small differences across gender identities and age groups. Across nations, greater life satisfaction was significantly associated with greater financial security and being in a committed relationship or married. The results of this study suggest that the SWLS largely assesses a common unidimensional construct of life satisfaction irrespective of respondent characteristics (i.e., national group, gender identities, and age group) or survey presentation (i.e., survey language). This has important implications for the assessment of life satisfaction across nations and provides information that will be useful for practitioners aiming to promote subjective well-being internationally.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
- genderová identita * MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- osobní uspokojení * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychometrie metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zpráva o sobě MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This scoping review examines the legal recognition of children with a different mother tongue, focusing on how educational and legal systems can better accommodate their unique needs. Legal recognition, distinct from legal awareness, involves acknowledging the rights of linguistically diverse children and adapting systems to uphold these rights. The review explores current gaps in research and policy, emphasizing the need for more inclusive frameworks that support bilingual education, especially for indigenous and immigrant populations. The findings highlight the challenges that children with different mother tongues face in existing legal and educational structures, and offer recommendations for improving inclusivity. This study aims to inform policy changes that will ensure a more equitable and supportive environment for all children, regardless of their linguistic background.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidská práva metody MeSH
- mnohojazyčnost * MeSH
- sociální spravedlnost * výchova MeSH
- výchova a vzdělávání metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Emočně nestabilní adolescenti představují rozsáhlou skupinu pacientů, kterými se v současnosti zabývají pedopsychiatrická pracoviště, jak ambulantního, tak lůžkového charakteru. Převážnou většinu tvoří adolescentní dívky, které přicházejí zejména pro úzkostně depresivní symptomatiku, sebepoškozování a suicidální chování. Emoční nestabilita v adolescenci představuje spektrum závažnosti, počínaje emoční labilitou obvyklou v dospívání, až po poruchy ve vývoji osobnosti, které mohou v nejzávažnějším případě vyústit do emočně nestabilní - hraniční poruchy osobnosti. Terapie vyžaduje integrovaný přístup, s důrazem na psychoterapii a rodinnou terapii, a také indikovanou farmakoterapii.
Emotionaly unstable adolescents represent a large group of patients currently dealt with pedopsychiatric facilities, both outpatient and inpatient. The vast majority are adolescent girl who come mainly for anxiety - depressive symptoms, self harm and suicidal behavior. Emotional instability in adolescence represents a spektrum of severity, starting with emotional lability common in adolescence, up to disturbances in personality development, which in the most serious case can reset in emotionally unstable - bordeline personality disorder. Therapy requires an integrated approach, with an emphasis on psychotherapy and family therapy, as well as indicated pharmacotherapy.
- Klíčová slova
- emoční labilita,
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- chování sebezraňující diagnóza etiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- dialektická behaviorální terapie metody MeSH
- emoce MeSH
- hraniční porucha osobnosti * diagnóza etiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- psychoterapie klasifikace metody MeSH
- rodinné vztahy psychologie MeSH
- sebepoškozování diagnóza etiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg's 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale-the TLS-15-comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test-retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components-either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.
ChatGPT is a chatbot that is based on the generative pretrained transformer architecture as an artificial inteligence-based large language model. Its widespread use in healthcare practice, research, and education seems to be (increasingly) inevitable. Also considering the relevant limitations regarding privacy, ethics, bias, legal, and validity, in this article, its use as a supplement (for sure not as a substitute for physicians) is discussed in light of the recent literature. Particularly, the "opinion" of ChatGPT about how it can help/harm physiatry is exemplified.
- MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- rehabilitační lékařství * MeSH
- stupeň vzdělání MeSH
- umělá inteligence * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- antipsychotika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- demence farmakoterapie MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- kardiopulmonální resuscitace metody MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv MeSH
- oftalmologie trendy MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- zástava srdce mimo nemocnici terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
This article reviews empirical methods and findings on early language discrimination, questioning rhythm-class based hypotheses on language discrimination in infancy, as well as the assumption that early language discrimination is driven primarily (or solely) by temporal prosodic cues. The present work argues that within-rhythm class discrimination which - according to the rhythmic hypothesis - is not applicable very early in life, has not been sufficiently tested with infants under 4 months of age, that familiarity with a language is not a prerequisite for its discrimination from another rhythmically similar language, and that the temporal rhythm properties may not universally be the primary cues to language discrimination. Although rhythm taxonomy is now by many understood as outdated, some developmental literature still draws on the assumption that rhythm classification determines infants' language discrimination; other studies consider rhythm along a continuous scale and only a few account for cues to language discrimination other than temporal ones. It is proposed that studies on early language discrimination systematically test the contribution of other than temporal rhythm cues, similarly to recent work on multidimensional psychoacoustic salience in the acquisition of segmental categories.
- MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- percepce řeči fyziologie MeSH
- periodicita MeSH
- podněty * MeSH
- vývoj řeči * MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- jazyk (prostředek komunikace) * MeSH
- kardiopulmonální resuscitace metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH