fractional order
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The main aim of this article is to present a graphical approach to robust stability analysis for families of fractional order (quasi-)polynomials with complicated uncertainty structure. More specifically, the work emphasizes the multilinear, polynomial and general structures of uncertainty and, moreover, the retarded quasi-polynomials with parametric uncertainty are studied. Since the families with these complex uncertainty structures suffer from the lack of analytical tools, their robust stability is investigated by numerical calculation and depiction of the value sets and subsequent application of the zero exclusion condition.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- nejistota * MeSH
- teoretické modely * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: This work focuses on the Dengue-viremia ABC (Atangana-Baleanu Caputo) fractional-order differential equations, accounting for both symptomatic and asymptomatic infected cases. Symptomatic cases are characterized by higher viremia levels, whereas asymptomatic cases exhibit lower viremia levels. The fractional-order model highlights memory effects and other advantages over traditional models, offering a more comprehensive representation of dengue dynamics. METHODS: The total population is divided into four compartments: susceptible, asymptomatic infected, symptomatic infected, and recovered. The model incorporates an immune-boosting factor for asymptomatic infected individuals and clinical treatment for symptomatic cases. Positivity and boundedness of the model are validated, and both local and global stability analyses are performed. The novel Adams-Bash numerical scheme is utilized for simulations to rigorously assess the impact of optimal control interventions. RESULTS: The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies. The reproduction numbers must be reduced based on specific optimal control conditions to effectively mitigate disease outbreaks. Numerical simulations confirm that the optimal control measures can significantly reduce the spread of the disease. DISCUSSION: This research advances the understanding of Dengue-viremia dynamics and provides valuable insights into the application of ABC fractional-order analysis. By incorporating immune-boosting and clinical treatment into the model, the study offers practical guidelines for implementing successful disease control strategies. The findings highlight the potential of using optimal control techniques in public health interventions to manage disease outbreaks more effectively.
- MeSH
- dengue * MeSH
- epidemický výskyt choroby MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- viremie * MeSH
- virus dengue imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Haynaldia villosa (H. villosa) has been recognized as a species potentially useful for wheat improvement. The availability of its genomic sequences will boost its research and application. RESULTS: In this work, the short arm of H. villosa chromosome 4V (4VS) was sorted by flow cytometry and sequenced using Illumina platform. About 170.6 Mb assembled sequences were obtained. Further analysis showed that repetitive elements accounted for about 64.6% of 4VS, while the coding fraction, which is corresponding to 1977 annotated genes, represented 1.5% of the arm. The syntenic regions of the 4VS were searched and identified on wheat group 4 chromosomes 4AL, 4BS, 4DS, Brachypodium chromosomes 1 and 4, rice chromosomes 3 and 11, and sorghum chromosomes 1, 5 and 8. Based on genome-zipper analysis, a virtual gene order comprising 735 gene loci on 4VS genome was built by referring to the Brachypodium genome, which was relatively consistent with the scaffold order determined for Ae. tauschii chromosome 4D. The homologous alleles of several cloned genes on wheat group 4 chromosomes including Rht-1 gene were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The sequences provided valuable information for mapping and positional-cloning genes located on 4VS, such as the wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance gene Wss1. The work on 4VS provided detailed insights into the genome of H. villosa, and may also serve as a model for sequencing the remaining parts of H. villosa genome.
In this article, we have examined the hypothesis of convergence of renewable energy consumption in 27 OECD countries. However, instead of relying on classical techniques, which are based on the dichotomy between stationarity I(0) and nonstationarity I(1), we consider a more flexible approach based on fractional integration. We employ both parametric and semiparametric techniques. Using parametric methods, evidence of convergence is found in the cases of Mexico, Switzerland and Sweden along with the USA, Portugal, the Czech Republic, South Korea and Spain, and employing semiparametric approaches, we found evidence of convergence in all these eight countries along with Australia, France, Japan, Greece, Italy and Poland. For the remaining 13 countries, even though the orders of integration of the series are smaller than one in all cases except Germany, the confidence intervals are so wide that we cannot reject the hypothesis of unit roots thus not finding support for the hypothesis of convergence.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obnovitelná energie * MeSH
- Organizace pro hospodářskou spolupráci a rozvoj statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
- Česká republika MeSH
- Francie MeSH
- Itálie MeSH
- Japonsko MeSH
- Korejská republika MeSH
- Mexiko MeSH
- Německo MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
- Portugalsko MeSH
- Řecko MeSH
- Španělsko MeSH
- Švédsko MeSH
- Švýcarsko MeSH
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the existence of subsets of patients with (quasi)identical, stereotyped B-cell receptor (BcR) immunoglobulins. Patients in certain major stereotyped subsets often display remarkably consistent clinicobiological profiles, suggesting that the study of BcR immunoglobulin stereotypy in CLL has important implications for understanding disease pathophysiology and refining clinical decision-making. Nevertheless, several issues remain open, especially pertaining to the actual frequency of BcR immunoglobulin stereotypy and major subsets, as well as the existence of higher-order connections between individual subsets. To address these issues, we investigated clonotypic IGHV-IGHD-IGHJ gene rearrangements in a series of 29 856 patients with CLL, by far the largest series worldwide. We report that the stereotyped fraction of CLL peaks at 41% of the entire cohort and that all 19 previously identified major subsets retained their relative size and ranking, while 10 new ones emerged; overall, major stereotyped subsets had a cumulative frequency of 13.5%. Higher-level relationships were evident between subsets, particularly for major stereotyped subsets with unmutated IGHV genes (U-CLL), for which close relations with other subsets, termed "satellites," were identified. Satellite subsets accounted for 3% of the entire cohort. These results confirm our previous notion that major subsets can be robustly identified and are consistent in relative size, hence representing distinct disease variants amenable to compartmentalized research with the potential of overcoming the pronounced heterogeneity of CLL. Furthermore, the existence of satellite subsets reveals a novel aspect of repertoire restriction with implications for refined molecular classification of CLL.
- MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie genetika MeSH
- frekvence genu MeSH
- genová přestavba MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- somatická hypermutace imunoglobulinových genů MeSH
- těžké řetězce imunoglobulinů genetika MeSH
- variabilní oblast imunoglobulinu genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
PURPOSE: To examine the removal of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) during plasmafiltration (PF) and determine whether the drug could be withheld prior to its organ distribution responsible for mucocutaneous toxicity. METHODS: Six patients suffering from platinum-resistant ovarian cancer were treated with a 1-h IV infusion 50 mg/m(2) of PLD/cycle-for three cycles q4w. Over 44 (46)-47(49) h postinfusion, five patients (14 cycles in total) underwent PF using a cascade PF method consisted of plasma separation by centrifugation and plasma treatment using filtration based one volume of plasma treatment, i.e., 3.18 L (±0.6 L) and plasma flow 1.0 L/h (0.91-1.48 L/h). Doxorubicin concentration in blood was monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography method for 116 h postinfusion. Pharmacokinetic parameters determined from plasma concentration included volume of distribution, total body clearance, half-life of elimination, and area under the plasma concentration versus time. The amount of doxorubicin in the body eliminated by the patient and via extracorporeal treatment was evaluated. Toxicity was tested using CTCAE v4.0. RESULTS: The efficacy of PF and early responses to PLD/PF combination strategy were as follows: over 44(46) h postinfusion considered necessary for target distribution of PLD to tumor, patients eliminated 46 % (35-56 %) of the dose administered. Over 44(46)-47(49) h postinfusion, a single one-volume plasma filtration removed 40 % (22-45 %) (Mi5) of the remaining doxorubicin amount in the body. Total fraction eliminated attained 81 % (75-86 %). The most common treatment-related adverse events (grade 1-2) such as nausea (4/14 cycles-28 %) and vomiting (3/14 cycles-21 %) appeared during 44 h postinfusion. Hematological toxicity-anemia (5/14 cycles-35 %) was reported after cycle II termination. Symptoms of PPE-like syndrome (grade 1-2) appeared in one patient concomitantly with thrombophlebitis and malignant effusion. In this study, only one adverse reaction (1/14-7 %) as short-term malaise and nausea was reported by the investigator as probably related to PF. CONCLUSION: A single one-volume PF does remove a clinically important amount of doxorubicin in a kinetic targeting approach. There were no serious signs of drug toxicity and/or PF-related adverse events. Kinetically guided therapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combined with PF may be a useful tool to the higher efficacy and tolerability of therapy with PLD.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- doxorubicin aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky analogy a deriváty krev farmakokinetika MeSH
- hemofiltrace škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- kritické orgány MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolická clearance MeSH
- nádory vaječníků * farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- nádory vejcovodů * farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- plocha pod křivkou MeSH
- poločas MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky farmakokinetika MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- protinádorová antibiotika aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky krev farmakokinetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
U nezanedbatelné části nemocných s významnou aortální stenózou je prokázán nízký transvalvulární aortální gradient. V klinické praxi rozeznáváme tři hlavní subtypy aortální stenózy s nízkým gradientem: 1. klasický typ s nízkou ejekční frakcí levé komory, 2. paradoxní typ se zachovanou ejekční frakcí levé komory a 3. aortální stenózu s normálním průtokem a nízkým gradientem. K rozlišení mezi „skutečně“ významnou aortální stenózou a pseudostenózou je někdy třeba využít další diagnostické postupy a metody, jako je dobutaminová zátěžová echokardiografi e a výpočetní tomografi e. U pacientů s nízkým gradientem, ale potvrzenou významnou aortální stenózou je intervence chlopenní vady i přes zvýšené operační riziko považována za indikovanou a je spojena s lepším dlouhodobým přežíváním.
There is an important proportion of patients with signifi cant aortic stenosis who present with low gradient. In clinical practice we distinguish three subpopulations: (1) “classical” type with low left ventricular ejection fraction, (2) paradoxical type with preserved ventricular ejection fraction and (3) patients with normal fl ow and low gradient. Differentiation between “true” severe aortic stenosis and pseudostenosis by means of low dose dobutamine stress test is sometimes necessary in order to set further management – operative or conservative respectively. Use of other imaging methods such as MSCT, proved also valuable. Intervention of severe aortic stenosis in such cases is considered to be superior with regards to survival, though very high operative risk in some subgroups, typically for patients with low ejection fraction, has been reported.
This work investigates the mechanisms behind Cr(VI) biosorption/reduction on three biomaterials (brewers draff, grape waste and synthetic humic acid). Coupled Cr isotope analysis with ICP-OES, XPS and SEM was tested as a novel approach to study the reduction of Cr(VI) by the biomaterials. The Cr(VI) biosorption process was accompanied with heavier Cr isotopes enrichment in the remaining Cr(VI) fraction. A significant fractionation of Cr stable isotopes was observed with no significant pH effect; δ(53)Cr of the remaining fraction ranged from 0.2‰ to 1.9‰ while δ(53)Cr of the product (sorbed Cr) ranged from -1.2‰ to -2.8‰. The Rayleigh fractionation model fitted well the measured data and Cr isotope analysis provides thus an efficient tool to quantify Cr(VI) reduction by different biomaterials. In general, the sorption/reduction potential of the three studied biomaterials decreased in the following order: grape waste>humic acids>brewers draff.
Srdcové zlyhávanie má dnes vysokú prevalenciu aj incidenciu. V klinickej praxi poznáme dve základné formy tohoto ochorenia. Málo údajov máme o príčinách, o patogenéze a o spôsobe úmrtia hlavne u chorých so srdcovým zlyhávaním so zachovalou ejekčnou frakciou ľavej komory. Je čas sa týmto ochorením zapodievať, aby sme mohli praznivo ovplyvniť jeho patogenézu, ale hlavne morbiditu a mortalitu. Dnes nevieme, či mechanizmy náhlej smrti alebo fatálneho zlyhania srdcovej pumpy sú podobné ako u systolického srdcového zlyhávania alebo sú rozdielne. Isté klinické skúsenosti poukazujú na to, že mortalita u srdcového zlyhávania so zachovalou ejekčnou frakciou pri zlyhávaní „srdca ako pumpy“ je rozdielna od systolického srdcového zlyhávania, a prechádza cestou progresívnej pľúcnej hypertenzie, cestou pravo-komorového zlyhávania, cestou renálnej venóznej kongescie a následného zlyhávania renálnej funkcie, a následne neskôr cestou multiorgánovej dysfunkcie – zlyhávania. Prezentujeme údaje z literatúry, a to z randomizovaných klinických štúdií a z epidemiologických štúdií: väčšina chorých so srdcovým zlyhávaním so zachovalou ejekčnou frakciou zomiera na kardiovaskulárnu príčinu. Špecifické príčiny kardiovaskulárneho úmrtia sú však v štúdiách nedostatočne definované. Náhle úmrtie predstavuje asi 30–40 % medzi úmrtiami a časté sú tu aj non-kardiovaskulárne úmrtia (asi 20–30% zastúpenie). Získavanie týchto údajov je potrebné preto, aby sme priaznivo ovplyvnili prognózu týchto ťažko chorých.
Heart failure today has a high prevalence and incidence. In clinical practice, we recognize two basic forms of this disease. We have little data on the causes, the pathogenesis and the way of death, especially in patients with heart failure with the left ventricle's "preserved ejection fraction". It is time to indulge this disease so that we can affect its pathogenesis, but especially morbidity and mortality. We do not know today whether the mechanisms of sudden death or fatal heart pump failure are similar to those of systolic heart failure or are different. Some clinical experience has shown that mortality in "preserved ejection fraction" heart failure as a "cardiac pump" failure is different from systolic heart failure and passes through progressive pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, renal venous congestion, and subsequent renal function failure, and subsequently later via multi-organ dysfunction – failure. We present literature data from randomized clinical trials and epidemiological studies: most heart failure patients with "preserved ejection fraction" die from cardiovascular causes. However, specific causes of cardiovascular death are poorly defined in the studies. Sudden death accounts for about 30–40% of deaths, and there are frequent non-cardiovascular deaths (about 20–30%). The acquisition of these data is necessary in order to favorably influence the prognosis of these severely ill patients.
- MeSH
- diastolické srdeční selhání * mortalita MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhlá smrt MeSH
- náhlá srdeční smrt MeSH
- příčina smrti MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
