BACKGROUND: The online environment provides adolescents with vast amounts of health-related information; however, navigating this effectively requires high levels of eHealth literacy to avoid misinformation and harmful content. Parental guidance is often considered a crucial factor in shaping adolescents' online health behaviors; however, there is limited longitudinal research examining how parental eHealth literacy mediation influences adolescents' development of eHealth literacy over time. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the reciprocal relationship between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy. It also investigates whether parental education moderates this relationship, specifically exploring whether higher levels of parental education enhance the effectiveness of eHealth literacy mediation in improving adolescents' eHealth literacy. METHODS: A 3-wave longitudinal study was conducted, collecting data from 2500 adolescent-parent pairs. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied to assess the reciprocal effects between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy across the 3 waves. Parental education was included in the model as a potential moderating variable to examine whether it influences the strength of the relationship between parental eHealth literacy mediation and adolescents' eHealth literacy. RESULTS: The findings revealed no significant within-person effects, indicating that changes in parental eHealth literacy mediation over time did not lead to corresponding changes in adolescents' eHealth literacy (T1→T2 β=-.03, P=.65; T2→T3 β=.01, P=.84), and vice versa (T1→T2 β=.02, P=.71; T2→T3 β=-.07, P=.19). Furthermore, the data did not support a moderating effect of parental education, suggesting that higher educational attainment does not enhance the impact of parental eHealth literacy mediation. However, a significant between-person association was observed: adolescents with higher levels of eHealth literacy tend to have parents who engage more frequently in eHealth literacy mediation (r=0.30, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the understanding of parental involvement in shaping adolescents' eHealth literacy. Contrary to expectations, parental eHealth literacy mediation does not appear to have a significant longitudinal impact on the development of adolescents' eHealth literacy, nor does higher parental education strengthen this relationship. These findings suggest that additional factors beyond parental mediation and education may play a critical role in supporting adolescents' ability to navigate online health information effectively.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Parents * MeSH
• Telemedicine * MeSH
• Parent-Child Relations * MeSH
• Health Literacy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: The European Medicines Agency has recommended a series of restrictions on the use of sodium valproate (valproate) following research linking its exposure in utero to adverse congenital and neurodevelopmental effects in offspring. Recent research has highlighted a potential increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children born to males taking valproate prior to conception. Clinicians and patients require guidance regarding suitable alternatives. AIM: To provide an overview of suitable alternatives to valproate in the management of bipolar disorder. METHOD: A narrative review was conducted. Only medications with an established evidence base in managing different phases of bipolar disorder and endorsed within clinical practice guidelines were considered. Eligible guidelines included those (i) where recommendations were informed by a formal guideline development process and (ii) published in English within the last 15 years. REPROTOX® was chosen as the primary information source regarding reproductive safety of alternative medications. RESULTS: Of all second-generation antipsychotics, quetiapine should be considered a first-line alternative to valproate. Lithium has been associated with an increased risk of cardiac malformations, especially Ebstein anomaly, following in utero exposure. However, given its robust efficacy as an antimanic agent and the absolute risk of cardiac abnormalities being low, it's use can still be considered in individuals of child-bearing potential with appropriate monitoring. Carbamazepine treatment should be avoided due to concerns for teratogenicity. Although considered safe in pregnancy, lamotrigine is largely effective at preventing relapse of bipolar depression. Thus, lamotrigine offers limited clinical utility as an alternative to valproate. CONCLUSION: Specific recommendations are made regarding alternatives to valproate in managing bipolar disorder.

• MeSH
• Antimanic Agents * adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Antipsychotic Agents * adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Bipolar Disorder * drug therapy   MeSH
• Valproic Acid * adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Disease Management * MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

Maternal diet during pregnancy has been associated with brain development and cognitive function in offspring, but the mechanisms mediating these relationships remain poorly understood. We conducted a longitudinal neuroimaging follow-up of a prenatal birth cohort and used Food Frequency Questionnaires completed by the mother in mid-pregnancy to calculate prenatal Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and tested its relationship with brain gyrification, an index of early brain development, and IQ in young adults (n = 179, age 28-30). The longitudinal gyrification data were available for a subset of these individuals (n = 77, age 23-24). A higher maternal pro-inflammatory diet during pregnancy, as represented by higher DII, was associated with worse verbal IQ but not performance IQ in young adulthood. These findings were independent of sex and remained significant after adjusting for maternal education, maternal stressful life events during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, prenatal supplements (e.g. folic acid, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamins), and maternal age at birth. Moreover, higher DII was associated with altered cortical gyrification in the early as well as the late 20, particularly in men. Gyrification of the anterior middle and inferior frontal gyrus mediated the relationship between prenatal DII and verbal IQ in young adulthood. These findings support the use of cortical gyrification as a proxy marker of early brain development and suggest it may underlie the relationship between maternal diet during pregnancy and its long-term impact on cognitive skills in offspring. They also have important implications for pregnant women who might be able to optimize the brain development and verbal IQ of their children through an anti-inflammatory diet.

• MeSH
• Diet * adverse effects   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Intelligence * physiology   MeSH
• Intelligence Tests MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Inflammation * MeSH
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy may affect offspring development. We aim to examine the association between prenatal vitamin B12 intake and children's cognitive development. METHODS: A total of 5151 mother-child pairs from the Czech part of ELSPAC study were included in the analysis. Dietary information was obtained during pregnancy using food frequency questionnaire. Parents reported on their child's speech and language development at 18 months, 3, 5 and 7 years. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was measured at 8 years in subcohort of 854 children. RESULTS: Children of mothers with higher vitamin B12 intake demonstrated higher scores in language (B = 0.20, 95% CI 0.06, 0.34) and talking and understanding (B = 2.39, 95% CI 0.97, 3.80) in a fully adjusted model at 18 months. Additionally, they were more likely to get maximum points in the intelligibility test at age 3 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01, 1.09) in unadjusted model, however, not in fully adjusted model. We found a positive effect of higher vitamin B12 intake on verbal IQ (B = 1.08, 95% CI 0.09, 2.08). CONCLUSIONS: We identified consistent associations between prenatal vitamin B12 intake and children's cognitive development. The results suggest that inadequate vitamin B12 during pregnancy may negatively affect children's cognitive development, particularly in speech and language.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Intelligence * MeSH
• Intelligence Tests * MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Vitamin B 12 * MeSH
• Child Development MeSH
• Language Development MeSH
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Offspring of parents with severe mental illness are at increased risk of developing psychopathology. Identifying endophenotypic markers in high-familial-risk individuals can aid in early detection and inform development of prevention strategies. Using generalized additive mixed models, we compared age trajectories of gyrification index (GI) and sulcal morphometric measures (i.e., sulcal depth, length and width) between individuals at familial risk for bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and controls. 300 T1-weighted MRI scans were obtained of 187 individuals (53 % female, age range: 8-23 years) at familial risk for bipolar disorder (n = 80, n families=55) or schizophrenia (n = 53, n families=36) and controls (n = 54, n families=33). 113 individuals underwent two scans. Globally, GI, sulcal depth and sulcal length decreased significantly with age, and sulcal width increased significantly with age in a (near-)linear manner. There were no differences between groups in age trajectories or mean values of gyrification or any of the sulcal measures. These findings suggest that, on average, young individuals at familial risk for bipolar disorder or schizophrenia have preserved developmental patterns of gyrification and sulcal morphometrics during childhood and adolescence.

• MeSH
• Bipolar Disorder * pathology   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex growth & development   diagnostic imaging   pathology   anatomy & histology   MeSH
• Schizophrenia * pathology   diagnostic imaging   genetics   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Maternal perinatal mental health is essential for optimal brain development and mental health of the offspring. We evaluated whether maternal depression during the perinatal period and early life of the offspring might be selectively associated with altered brain function during emotion regulation and whether those may further correlate with physiological responses and the typical use of emotion regulation strategies. METHODS: Participants included 163 young adults (49% female, 28-30 years) from the ELSPAC prenatal birth cohort who took part in its neuroimaging follow-up and had complete mental health data from the perinatal period and early life. Maternal depressive symptoms were measured mid-pregnancy, 2 weeks, 6 months, and 18 months after birth. Regulation of negative affect was studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging, concurrent skin conductance response (SCR) and heart rate variability (HRV), and assessment of typical emotion regulation strategy. RESULTS: Maternal depression 2 weeks after birth interacted with sex and showed a relationship with greater brain response during emotion regulation in a right frontal cluster in women. Moreover, this brain response mediated the relationship between greater maternal depression 2 weeks after birth and greater suppression of emotions in young adult women (ab = 0.11, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [0.016; 0.226]). The altered brain response during emotion regulation and the typical emotion regulation strategy were also as sociated with SCR and HRV. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that maternal depression 2 weeks after birth predisposes female offspring to maladaptive emotion regulation skills and particularly to emotion suppression in young adulthood.

• MeSH
• Depression physiopathology   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Emotional Regulation * physiology   MeSH
• Galvanic Skin Response physiology   MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Mothers psychology   MeSH
• Brain diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   MeSH
• Heart Rate physiology   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na poruchy autistického spektra a vývoj dětí a na psychoterapeutickou metodu. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; Publikace provází tématem autismu v kontextu dalších neurovývojových poruch. Zahrnuje nové poznatky z dětské psychiatrie, neurologie, genetiky, klinické logopedie i psychologie. Představuje světově unikátní intervenční program u batolat.

• MeSH
• Early Medical Intervention MeSH
• Child Psychiatry MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Autism Spectrum Disorder MeSH
• Child Development MeSH
• Parent-Child Relations MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH

• Conspectus
• Pediatrie
• NML Fields
• pediatrie
• psychiatrie
• psychoterapie
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

BACKGROUND: The rapid increase in cannabis use during pregnancy-up by 170 % between 2009 and 2016-raises pressing concerns about its effects on fetal health, particularly on the delicate monoamine system within the fetoplacental unit, which is crucial for placental function and neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review explores the impact of prenatal cannabinoid exposure on the monoamine system within the fetoplacental unit, with a focus on its implications for fetal development through the lens of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. METHODS: A comprehensive search across multiple databases initially retrieved 18,252 papers. After rigorous screening, only 16 animal studies and 4 human studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were synthesized to evaluate the effects of prenatal cannabis exposure on neurotransmitter regulation, receptor function, and gene expression. RESULTS: Although no studies directly addressed the monoamine system in the placenta, animal models revealed significant disruptions in neurotransmitter regulation and neurodevelopmental changes following prenatal cannabis exposure. Human studies suggested potential cognitive and behavioral risks for offspring exposed in utero. CONCLUSION: This review exposes a critical gap in the literature on cannabis' effects on the placental monoamine system. While evidence points to notable neurodevelopmental risks, the scarcity of focused research underscores the need for further investigation to fully understand the implications of prenatal cannabis exposure.

• MeSH
• Biogenic Monoamines metabolism   MeSH
• Cannabinoids * metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Placenta * metabolism   drug effects   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Fetal Development drug effects   MeSH
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects * metabolism   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Systematic Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Infant Equipment MeSH
• Parents MeSH
• Parenting psychology   MeSH
• Child Rearing * psychology   MeSH
• Child Development MeSH
• Parent-Child Relations psychology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH

Magnézium (Mg2+) je esenciálny minerál, ktorý sa podieľa na rôznych dôležitých biochemic­kých reakciách v tele matky a plodu. Magnéziová deficiencia v tehotenstve by nemala byť podceňovaná. Počas tehotenstva sú zvýšené požiadavky na príjem magnézia. Hypomagneziémia pozorovaná na zvieracích modeloch umožňuje vyhodnotiť, do akej miery môže nedostatok magnézia ovplyvniť zdravie plodu u ľudí neskoršie v živote. Tento článok sumarizuje dôležitosť magnézia v tehotenstve, zmeny vo farmakokinetike magnézia a dôsledky magnéziovej deficiencie u matky a plodu. Cieľom článku je zodpovedať otázku, či je v tehotenstve potrebná suplementácia magnéziom a ak áno, v akom rozsahu.

Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential mineral that participates in different and important biochemical reactions in the maternal body and in the foetus. Magnesium deficiency during pregnancy should not be underestimated. Requirements for magnesium are increased during pregnancy. The hypomagnesaemia observed in animal models provides the ability to evaluate to what extent the deficiency can influence human offspring later in life. This article summarizes the importance of magnesium in pregnancy, changes in magnesium pharmacokinetics, and consequences of maternal and foetal magnesium deficiency. The article aims to answer whether it is necessary to supplement with magnesium during pregnancy and, if so, to what extent.

• MeSH
• Magnesium administration & dosage   pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnesium Deficiency * embryology   etiology   drug therapy   prevention & control   MeSH
• Dietary Supplements classification   MeSH
• Pregnant People * MeSH
• Fetal Development MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH