At present, pharmaceuticals that have been used for a long time appear in environment as pollutants. Drugs and personal care products pass through the wastewater treatment without being retained. The review resumes problems, occurrence and the fate of drugs in the environment and gives current technologies for their removal as well as possible approaches and the methods of solution to this problem in future.
A wide range of substances currently present in the environment may interact with biologically important macromolecules and may thus negatively affect their function. One of them, bisphenol A (BPA), is a basic material used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, which adds flexibility and durability to the products. Because of its ability to migrate from these products, it represents a potential risk to the environment and to the quality of life of the organisms living there. One of the known mechanisms of BPA's action on organisms acts via estrogen receptors, leading to the blocking or mimicking of natural ligands, i.e., sex hormones. Another way BPA can affect cells is to induce oxidative damage to macromolecules including DNA. Therefore, BPA is referred to as a genotoxic agent. Moreover, BPA can also act epigenetically, through altered methylation of some genes, which may affect their expression. This process may represent a risk of inducing or promoting the transformation of healthy cells into tumorous ones. Such disruption of the body's natural environment is therefore undesirable and in contradiction with a healthy and prosperous individual's life.
- Keywords
- bisfenol,
- MeSH
- Cell Division drug effects MeSH
- Endocrine Disruptors chemistry adverse effects MeSH
- Gene Expression drug effects MeSH
- Phenols * chemistry adverse effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasms etiology genetics MeSH
- DNA Damage MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
The occurrence and bioaccumulation of new and legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), and Dechlorane Plus (DPs) and their related compounds (Dechloranes) in an ecosystem on King George Island, Antarctica are investigated. The new and legacy POPs were widely detected in the animal samples collected from Antarctica, which included Limpet, Antarctic cod, Amphipods, Antarctic icefish, Gentoo and Chinstrap penguins, Kelp gull, and South polar skua. The trophic magnification factors indicated that the levels of PCNs and HBCDs, as well as the legacy POPs, were magnified through the food web, whereas DPs might be diluted through the trophic levels contradicting the classification of Dechloranes as POPs. This is one of the first extensive surveys on PCNs, HBCDs, and Dechloranes, which provides unique information on the distribution and trophic biomagnification potential of the new and legacy POPs in the Antarctic region.
- MeSH
- Bioaccumulation MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical * analysis MeSH
- Ecosystem MeSH
- Environmental Monitoring MeSH
- Persistent Organic Pollutants MeSH
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls * analysis MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Antarctic Regions MeSH
Príspevok je venovaný kvalite životného prostredia a vplyvu polychlórovaných bifenylov (PCB) na jeho kvalitu. PCB sú charakterizované z historického hľadiska, sú opísané ich cesty v atmosfére, hydrosfére a litosfére. Ďalšia časť článku je venovaná situácii s PCB na Slovensku a pôsobeniu na organizmus zvierat i človeka, ako aj súčasným trendom výskumu týchto látok.
This article focuses on the quality of the environment and effects that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) have on it. PCBs are characterized in the historical point of view; they make their way through atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. Another part of the article focuses on the situation concerning PCB in Slovakia and the effects it has on animals and human being, and also on the current trend in research of these substances.
- Keywords
- PCB, hydrosféra, litosféra, kvalita, polutant, škodlivost,
- MeSH
- Atmosphere MeSH
- Water Pollution, Chemical prevention & control adverse effects MeSH
- Health Impact Assessment trends MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls * adverse effects toxicity MeSH
- Research MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
- Environmental Pollution * prevention & control adverse effects MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Geographicals
- Slovakia MeSH
- MeSH
- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical methods MeSH
- Microscopy, Electron methods utilization MeSH
- Soil Pollutants analysis chemistry isolation & purification MeSH
- Luminescence MeSH
- Neural Networks, Computer MeSH
- Pseudomonas fluorescens isolation & purification metabolism growth & development MeSH
- Soil analysis MeSH
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents metabolism adverse effects MeSH
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal metabolism adverse effects MeSH
- Basidiomycota enzymology metabolism MeSH
- Biodegradation, Environmental MeSH
- Cellulose metabolism MeSH
- Endocrine Disruptors metabolism adverse effects MeSH
- Soil Pollutants chemistry MeSH
- Environmental Pollutants adverse effects MeSH
- Lignin metabolism MeSH
- Agricultural Inoculants MeSH
- Persistent Organic Pollutants * adverse effects MeSH
- Pleurotus enzymology metabolism MeSH
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism adverse effects MeSH
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons metabolism adverse effects MeSH
- Environmental Restoration and Remediation methods MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
