Funkční zobrazování magnetickou rezonancí (fMRI) bylo použito k předoperačnimu mapování řečové funkce mozku subjektů, které byly rozděleny do dvou věkových skupin: mladí pacienti 9-21 a starší pacienti 29-72 let. Pro stimulaci řečových center byla použita generace slov testem verbální fluence. Naměřené aktivace byly posuzovány kvalitativně vzhledem ke standardním funkčním mapám naměřeným na souboru zdravých dobrovolníků. Tyto mapy ukázaly tři hlavní shluky aktivních voxelů v levé hemisfére (skupinová statistika byla provedena jak na souboru 10 praváků, tak odděleně na souboru 5 leváků). U pacientů s lézí v levé hemisfére autoři našli zvýšený počet bilaterální aktivace některé Z posuzovaných lokalit a také kompletní přesuny aktivace do pravé hemisféry. U mladých pacientů bylo nalezeno 33 % bilaterálně sdružených aktivací a v 8 % posuzovaných center došlo k úplnému přemístění. U starších pacientů byla bilaterální aktivace nalezena pouze v 17 % případů. Naše studie potvrzuje vyšší pravděpodobnost bilaterální nebo hemisferálně přesunuté lokalizace některé participující řečové funkční oblasti u mladých pacientů.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used for pre-surgical mapping of brain verbal processing in patients suffering from left hemisphere lesion. A file of patients contained 20 subjects divided into two groups according to age: the group of young patients of 9-21 years and the group of older patients of 29-72 years. A word generation with the verbal fluency test was used to stimulate brain verbal areas. Functional activations were qualitatively compared with standard functional maps measured on the group of healthy volunteers. These standard maps showed 3 main clusters of active voxels in the left hemisphere (a group statistic was performed in both 10 right-hander subjects and separately in 5 left-hander subjects). Authors found higher number of bilaterally activated clusters and also of complete inter-hemispherical shift in patients with left hemisphere lesion compared to normal population. In the group of young patients, there were 33% of bilateral activations found in some of 3 standard functional locations and in 8% even complete shift to the right hemisphere was observed. Some bilateral activation was found only in 17% in the group of older subjects. This study confirms higher probability of bilateral verbal activation or even shift of activity from the left to the right hemisphere in young patients at least in some participating verbal area.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Brain Mapping MeSH
• Speech Production Measurement methods   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Neuronal Plasticity MeSH
• Preoperative Care MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common ways to record, in an non-invasive manner, a patient's cardiac activity. Once recorded the information can be pre-processed and subsequently analyzed to assess if the patient is suffering from any forms of cardiac abnormality which may require clinical intervention. In the current study we investigate ways in which more can be obtained from the ECG through analysis of the diagnostic properties of body surface potential maps (BSPM). A set of 192 lead BSPMs recorded from a mixture of 116 normal and abnormal subjects (59 normal vs 57 old myocardial infarction) were analyzed. For each patient, diagnostic features were obtained by calculating isointegral measurements from the QRS, STT, and entire QRST segments. These isointegrals provide a measure of the mean distribution of potential during ventricular depolarization, repolarisation, and a combination of both, respectively. For each isointegral type, 192 discrete measurements, and hence 192 features, were obtained; these correspond with the 192 leads recorded. Subsequent to this a signal-to-noise ratio-based feature ranking methodology was applied to select subsets of the best three, six and ten measurements (features) from the 192 available for each isointegral. These subsets of features were then applied to four different classifiers Naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and random forest (RF) and in each application ten-fold cross validation was employed. It was found that when using the subsets of features obtained from the STT or QRST isointegrals, classification results in excess of 80% were attainable. This was in contrast to the results obtained using the QRS isointegral features where poorer performance (between 62.9% and 74.1%) was observed. The results from this study have illustrated that, for the studied dataset, the mean distribution of potentials during ventricular depolarization, and during ventricular repolarization and depolarization combined possessed greater diagnostic information. Overall it was concluded that this approach to BSPM analysis does provide a useful means for illustrating the usefulness of various features in diagnostic classification.

• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Electrocardiography methods   MeSH
• Myocardial Infarction diagnosis   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Body Surface Potential Mapping methods   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Electronic Data Processing MeSH
• Ixodes MeSH
• Encephalitis, Tick-Borne epidemiology   MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Satellite Communications MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Only limited data are available on body surface potential distribution during atrial activation. The aim of this study was to establish the distributions and to analyze chosen quantitative parameters of atrial isointegral maps recorded using a limited 24-lead system in a young healthy population. A total of 166 subjects underwent a procedure of body surface potential mapping. Isointegral maps during the P wave were constructed and qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Three types of atrial activation in individual maps were found according to the different shape of the zero isointegral line and to mutual positions of extrema. The most frequently occurring type resembled the group mean maps and was in good agreement with published data obtained from full lead systems. The highest extrema were found in the young men group, while, surprisingly, the lowest values in the young women group. All minima and the majority of maxima were recorded outside the ranges of standard chest leads. The usefulness of the limited lead system to record isointegral P wave maps was shown and new data were presented that can be useful in noninvasive evaluation of atrial pathologies.

• MeSH
• Action Potentials MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Body Surface Potential Mapping * MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Reference Values MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Atrial Function * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Diagnostic Imaging MeSH
• Electrocardiography methods   utilization   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Least-Squares Analysis * MeSH
• Computing Methodologies MeSH
• Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods   utilization   MeSH
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Models, Theoretical * MeSH
• Vectorcardiography * methods   trends   utilization   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Cholera epidemiology   MeSH
• History, Modern 1601- MeSH
• Disease Outbreaks history   MeSH
• Epidemiology statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Geographic Information Systems history   MeSH
• Communicable Diseases epidemiology   MeSH
• Topography, Medical history   MeSH
• Publication type
• Map MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Statistics MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• epidemiologie
• humanitní vědy a umění
• přírodní vědy

• MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Computer Graphics instrumentation   MeSH
• Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Software MeSH
• Thermography methods   instrumentation   MeSH

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Electrocardiography metabolism   MeSH
• Ventricular Function, Left physiology   MeSH
• Myocardial Infarction diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Heart Diseases diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

The aim of the present study was to investigate the reflection of psychoemotional stress in the body surface potential distribution as documented by isointegral maps of cardiac activation and recovery. In 72 young men (18.3+/- 7.3 y.) with no cardiovascular history body surface potential maps (BSPMs) at rest and during the test of mental arithmetic were recorded. The digitalized data for each point of the QRS, STT and QRST integral maps, for each subject in both situations, were processed and evaluated by methods of univariate as well as spatial mathematical and statistical modeling. The results showed during MA a significant decrease of repolarization integral values over the sternum and right precordium, which contributed to analogically localized decrements also in the QRST BSM. The decrease occurred in more than 2/3 of lead points. The most pronounced changes were observed in the right precordial area, where potentials decreased in more than in 70 % of subjects. In conclusion, the discriminative power of the difference STT and QRST integral maps was strong enough to distinguish the mental arithmetic induced changes in the superficial cardiac electric field. These adrenergic transient alterations in ventricular recovery may be of importance in subjects at risk for ventricular arrhythmias.

• MeSH
• Electrocardiography MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Body Surface Potential Mapping * MeSH
• Heart Conduction System physiopathology   MeSH
• Stress, Psychological physiopathology   MeSH
• Heart Ventricles physiopathology   MeSH
• Models, Statistical MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Using functional neuroimaging techniques (PET and fMRI), various cortical, limbic, and paralimbic structures have been identified in the last decade as neural substrates of human emotion. In this study we used a novel approach (intracerebral recordings of event-related potentials) to add to our knowledge of specific brain regions involved in affective picture processing. Ten intractable epileptic patients undergoing pre-surgical depth electrode recording viewed pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant pictures and intracerebral event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. A total of 752 cortical and subcortical sites were investigated. Significant differences in ERPs to unpleasant as compared to neutral or pleasant pictures were frequently and consistently observed in recordings from various brain areas--the mesial temporal cortex (the amygdala, the hippocampus, the temporal pole), the lateral temporal cortex, the mesial prefrontal cortex (ACC and the medial frontal gyrus), and the lateral prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, the mean latencies of responses to emotional stimuli were somewhat shorter in the frontal lobe structures (with evidently earlier activation within lateral prefrontal areas when compared to mesial prefrontal cortex) and longer in the temporal lobe regions. These differences, however, were not significant. Additional clearly positive findings were observed in some rarely investigated regions--in the posterior parietal cortex, the precuneus, and the insula. An approximately equivalent number of positive findings was revealed in the left and right hemisphere structures. These results are in agreement with a multisystem model of human emotion, distributed far beyond the typical limbic system and substantially comprising lateral aspects of both frontal lobes as well.

• MeSH
• Analysis of Variance MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Electroencephalography MeSH
• Epilepsy MeSH
• Esthetics MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain Mapping MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Brain physiology   MeSH
• Reaction Time MeSH
• Visual Perception physiology   MeSH
• Evoked Potentials, Visual MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH