BACKGROUND: Peripheral wave reflection augments central blood pressure and contributes to cardiac load. This pressure augmentation is not quantifiable from brachial cuff pressure but can be determined from carotid pulsations using the augmentation index (AI). However, carotid tonometry is technically challenging and difficult to standardize in practice. We tested whether automated radial pressure analysis provides a viable alternative. METHODS AND RESULTS: Carotid and radial AI (cAI, rAI) were measured in 46 volunteers with a broad range of arterial properties. Data were assessed at rest, during a cold-pressor test, and following 0.4 mg of sublingual nitroglycerin. cAI correlated with rAI independent of age, mean blood pressure (BP), gender or body mass (cAI = 0.79 x rAI - 0.467, r = 0.81, P < 0.00001), with zero mean bias. There was individual variability in the prediction (difference of -4 +/- 23%), though 65% of the estimates fell within 15% of each other. Change in rAI and cAI with provocative maneuvers also correlated (r = 0.77, P < 0.001). Both cAI and rAI were nonlinearly related to late-systolic pressure-time integral (PTI), an index of cardiac load. At cAI < 0.1 or rAI < 0.69, PTI was unaltered, while greater values correlated with increased PTI. rAI accurately predicted this cut-off in 88% of cases, with a 5.5% false negative rate. CONCLUSIONS: Automated rAI analysis is an easily applied method to assess basal and dynamic central pressure augmentation. While individual predictive accuracy of cAI was variable, overall population results were consistent, supporting use of rAI in clinical trials. Its prediction of when AI is associated with greater LV loading (i.e. cardiac risk) is good and may help stratify individual risk along with brachial cuff pressure.

• MeSH
• arteria radialis fyziologie   MeSH
• arteriae carotides fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hypertenze diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• kontrakce myokardu fyziologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• manometrie metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• měření krevního tlaku metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pružnost MeSH
• pulzatilní průtok fyziologie   MeSH
• rychlost toku krve fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) preservation surgical techniques have been rising lately. In the acute setting, proximal ACL tears and femoral avulsions of the ACL are good indications for primary repair of the ACL. However, literature shows a wide range of failure rates. An intact synovial membrane seems to be a predicational factor for the outcome of primary ACL repair. Disruption of the synovial membrane is associated with higher failure rates. We describe a surgical technique repairing the ACL in combination with a semitendinosus augmentation for proximal ACL tears with or without disruption of the synovial membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS The procedure preserves as much of the original anatomy as possible by repairing the synovial membrane and ACL remnant to the femoral origin. To accomplish this, we have built on the so-called "Single Anteromedial Bundle Biological Augmentation (SAMBBA) technique" and developed it further to the "Single Anteromedial Bundle Biological Augmentation and Refixation (SAMBBAR) technique", which we firstly describe here. RESULTS All three patients treated with the SAMBBAR technique showed very good short-term clinical outcomes comparable with successful standard ACL reconstruction. There were no complications. Twelve months postoperatively, patients had no pain. They had normal range of motion in the affected knee without any signs of instability. DISCUSSION The SAMBBAR technique seems to be an adequate procedure to preserve as much proprioceptive native tissue as possible, while at the same time ensuring high tissue strength in order to reduce failure rates. Prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the new SAMBBAR technique with standard ACL reconstruction, with the original SAMBBA technique, and with techniques of ACL refixation. CONCLUSIONS With the presented surgical procedure, it is possible to perform a standard ACL reconstruction using an autologous semitendinosus graft and at the same time preserving the tissue remnant of the ACL in all proximal tear patterns. This might contribute to improved proprioception and rehabilitation without sacrificing stability. Key words: anterior cruciate ligament, Lachman test, Ligamys, knee instability, semitendinosus tendon.

• MeSH
• kolenní kloub chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ligamentum cruciatum anterius chirurgie   MeSH
• poranění předního zkříženého vazu * chirurgie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rekonstrukce předního zkříženého vazu * MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Geneticky podmienená deficiencia alfa-1 antitrypsínu môže byť príčinou závažného prie - behu chronickej obštrukčnej choroby pľúc, osobitne v mladšom veku. Typický je akcelerovaný vývoj panlobulárneho pľúcneho emfyzému s bazálnou predilekciou, s rýchlym poklesom pľúcnych funkcií a vývojom respiračnej insuficiencie. Augmentačná liečba ľudským alfa-1 antitrypsínom má potenciál k spomaleniu deštrukcie pľúcneho tkaniva a tým i progresie k terminálnej respiračnej insuficiencii (t.j. k smrti alebo k transplantácii pľúc). Predkladaná kazuistika však poukazuje aj na veľký význam komplexného manaž- mentu choroby a komorbidít, s dosiahnutím pozitívneho efektu aj pri pokročilom ochorení.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a known hereditary condition, which could be causative for developing of severe chronic obstructive bronchopulmonary disease, especially that with early onset. Early development of panlobular emphysema with basal predilection and accelerated decrease in pulmonary function tests to respiratory insufficiency is characteristic. Augmentation therapy with human Alpha-1 antitrypsin has provided a significant reduction in emphysema progression and the patients would be expecting to take more time to reach terminal respiratory function (transplantation or death). Our case also presents how very important is complex approach to management of the disease and comorbidities, which allows to reach positive effect also in very advanced disease.

• Klíčová slova
• augmentační léčba,
• MeSH
• alfa-1-antitrypsin aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• aminopyridiny aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• benzoxaziny aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• bronchodilatancia MeSH
• bronchopneumonie MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• deficit alfa1-antitrypsinu * patofyziologie   MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• flutikason aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory trypsinu MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plíce diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• plicní emfyzém * diagnóza   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• spirometrie MeSH
• tiotropium bromid aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• hojení ran MeSH
• hospitalizace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• plasmin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• vředy dolních končetin farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• čas MeSH
• cytotoxické testy imunologické MeSH
• hemolýza MeSH
• isoantigeny MeSH
• paternita MeSH

Technology within the home environment is becoming widely accepted as a means to facilitate independent living. Nevertheless, practical issues of detecting different tasks between multiple persons within the same environment along with managing instances of uncertainty associated with recorded sensor data are two key challenges yet to be fully solved. This work presents details of how computer vision techniques can be used as both alternative and complementary means in the assessment of behaviour in home based sensorised environments. Within our work we assessed the ability of vision processing techniques in conjunction with sensor based data to deal with instances of multiple occupancy. Our Results indicate that the inclusion of the video data improved the overall process of task identification by detecting and recognizing multiple people in the environment using color based tracking algorithm.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam MeSH
• činnosti denního života MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohyb MeSH
• pomůcky pro sebeobsluhu MeSH
• postižení zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• studie pohybu a času MeSH
• vnímání pohybu fyziologie   MeSH
• životní prostředí MeSH
• zrak MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Context C-6-Geranylated flavonoids possess promising biological activities. These substances could be a source of lead compounds for the development of therapeutics. Objective The study was designed to evaluate their antibacterial and antileishmanial activity. Materials and methods C-6-Geranylated flavanones were tested in micromolar concentrations against promastigote forms of Leishmania brazilensis, L. donovani, L. infantum, and L. panamensis against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); and synergistic potential with antibiotics was analyzed. IC50 values (after 72 h) were calculated and compared with that of miltefosine. Flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation analysis were used the mechanism of the effect. Geranylated flavanones or epigallocatechin gallate were combined with oxacillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, and the effects of these two-component combinations were evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were established (after 24 h), the synergy was measured by the checkerboard titration technique, and the sums of the fractional inhibitory concentrations (∑FICs) were computed. Results 3'-O-Methyl-5'-O-methyldiplacone and 3'-O-methyldiplacone showed good antileishmanial activities (IC50 8-42 μM). 3'-O-Methyl-5'-hydroxydiplacone activates the apoptotic death at leishmanias, the effect of 3'-O-methyl-5'-O-methyldiplacone has another mechanism. The test of the antibacterial activity showed good effects of 3'-O-methyldiplacol and mimulone against MRSA (MIC 2-16 μg/mL), and in six cases, the results showed synergistic effects when combined with oxacillin. Synergistic effects were also found for the combination of epigallocatechin gallate with tetracycline or oxacillin. Conclusion This work demonstrates anti-MRSA and antileishmanial potential of geranylated flavanones and uncovers their promising synergistic activities with antibiotics. In addition, the mechanism of antileishmanial effect is proposed.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• antiparazitární látky izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• flavonoidy izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytoterapie MeSH
• léčivé rostliny MeSH
• Leishmania účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Magnoliopsida * chemie   MeSH
• methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• ovoce MeSH
• prenylace MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The majority of the available works have studied distinct hypoxic responses of respiratory and cardiovascular systems. This study examines how these systems interact while responding to hypoxia and whether baseline metrics moderate reactions to a hypoxic challenge. Central hemodynamic, aortic wave reflection, and gas exchange parameters were measured in 27 trained young men before and after 10-min normobaric isocapnic hypoxia (10 % O2). Associations were assessed by correlation and multiple regression analyses. Hypoxic changes in the parameters of pulse wave analysis such as augmentation index (-114 %, p=0.007), pulse pressure amplification (+6 %, p=0.020), time to aortic reflection wave (+21 %, p<0.001) report on the increase in arterial distensibility. Specifically, initially compliant arteries blunt the positive cardiac chronotropic response to hypoxia and facilitate the myocardial workload. The degree of blood oxygen desaturation is directly correlated with both baseline values and hypoxic responses of aortic and peripheral blood pressures. The hypoxia-induced gain in ventilation (VE), while controlling for basal VE and heart rate (HR), is inversely associated with deltaHR and deltasystolic blood pressure. The study suggests that cardiovascular and respiratory systems mutually supplement each other when responding to hypoxic challenge.

• MeSH
• analýza pulzové vlny metody   MeSH
• hemodynamika fyziologie   MeSH
• hypoxie diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mechanika dýchání fyziologie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• srdeční frekvence fyziologie   MeSH
• výměna plynů v plicích fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of this investigation is to test mechanical and chemical properties of bioactive glass ceramics in less common indications of facial skeleton aubmentation where other reconstructive substances were not effective. There are doubts about their application due to the prior experience. A successful reconstruction by a bone graft substitute may remarkably increase the quality of life of affected persons and at the same time reduce the time concumed by surgery and treatment costs.

Vyskoušení mechanických a chemických vlastností bioaktivní sklokeramiky v méně obvyklých indikacích augmentace obličejového skeletu, kde jiné rekonstrukční materiály neuspěly anebo lze z předchozí zkušenosti o jejich aplikaci pochybovat. Úspěšná rekonstrukce kostní náhradou může výrazně zlepšit kvalitu života postiženým a zároveň snížit náročnost operace a náklady na léčbu.

• MeSH
• asymetrie obličeje chirurgie   MeSH
• poranění obličeje chirurgie   MeSH
• rozštěp patra chirurgie   MeSH
• rozštěp rtu chirurgie   MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• plastická chirurgie
• stomatochirurgie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR

• MeSH
• asociace (psychologie) MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fysostigmin farmakologie   MeSH
• hmat MeSH
• lékové interakce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• skopolamin antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• sluch MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• testy slovních asociací MeSH
• učení účinky léků   MeSH
• zrak MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH