work addiction
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
xii, 458 s. ; 24 cm
1st ed. XVII, 435 s. : grafy, tab. ; 24 cm
Guilford substance abuse series
XII, 404 s. : il. ; 24 cm
Our study estimates the prevalence of Internet addiction in Czech adolescents as well as differences by gender and school type. A total of 3,950 adolescents (n = 1,940 boys, n = 2,010 girls) from 11 to 19 years of age (M = 15.73, SD = 1.99) participated in the research. They completed the Internet Addiction Test, which consists of subscales for Salience, Excessive Use, Neglect Work, Anticipation, Lack of Control, and Neglect Social Life. The results indicate that adolescent girls have higher levels of internet addiction. In boys, unlike girls, internet addiction was associated with a reduction in social relationships and interactions. Our findings show interesting differences between adolescent girls and boys and the type of school attended in the Czech population in terms of Internet addiction.
- MeSH
- internet MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- návykové chování * epidemiologie MeSH
- netholismus * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- školy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Príspevok sa zaoberá pohľadom sociálneho pracovníka zdravotníckeho zariadenia na svoju odbornú činnosť, zameranú smerom k hospitalizovanému maloletému dieťaťu matky závislej od alkoholu. Závislosť od alkoholu predstavuje v súčasnosti závažný celospoločenský problém, s ktorým sa stretávame v každodennom živote. Objektom sociálnej práce sa stáva nielen závislá osoba, ale aj jedinec, v našom prípade maloleté dieťa, ktoré je daným sociálno-patologickým javom svojej matky najviac zasiahnuté. Sociálny pracovník ako člen multidisciplinárneho tímu v zdravotníckom zariadení vstupuje do interakcie so zdravotníckymi pracovníkmi, ale i s pacientmi s cieľom profesionalizácie a humanizácie daného zariadenia a aplikácie metód sociálnej práce k hospitalizovaným pacientom. V príspevku metódou kazuistiky prezentujeme problematiku práce s hospitalizovaným dieťaťom matky závislej od alkoholu. Vychádzame z praktických skúseností sociálneho pracovníka zdravotníckeho zariadenia, ktorí v spolupráci s ostatnými zdravotníckymi pracovníkmi, rôznymi inštitúciami situáciu dieťaťa analyzuje a stanovuje plán sociálnej pomoci za podmienky aktívneho prístupu matky dieťaťa a ostatných členov rodiny. Sociálna práca predstavuje integrovanú disciplínu, schopnú multidisciplinárnej spolupráce s ostatnými vednými disciplínami, ktorá sa zaoberá problematikou sociálnej patológie nielen na teoretickej úrovni, ale vstupuje prakticky ako činnosť ochotná pomôcť riešiť individuálne celospoločenské problémy, vrátane sociálno-patologických javov, ako je aj závislosť matky od alkoholu a jej dôsledky na samotné dieťa, ktoré sa ocitlo v zdravotníckom zariadení vyžadujúce pomoc odborníkov. Príspevok v konečnom dôsledku poukazuje na možnosti prístupu sociálneho pracovníka k analýze a riešeniu tohto závažného problému, s ktorým sa stretáva počas výkonu svojej odbornej praxe.
The contribution deals with a view of social welfare professionals in medical institutions on their professional activities focused on small hospitalized children of mothers addicted to alcohol. The dependence on alcohol currently brings a severe social problem encountered in our everyday life. Not only the addicted person but also an individual, a small child in the case considered here, who is most involved by the given social-pathological phenomenon, becomes an object of the social work. The welfare professional as a member of a multidisciplinary team in the medical institution enters interactions not only with healthcare professionals but also with patients with the aim to provide the professional and humanitarian quality of the given institution and application of methods of the social work to hospitalized patients. In the contribution presented here, a case report method is employed to present problems of work with hospitalized children of mothers addicted to alcohol. Our considerations are based on practical experience of social welfare professionals in medical institutions, who analyze and establish the plan of the social help under conditions of active attitude of the child mother and other family members to the cooperation with different institutions. The social work is an integrated discipline capable of multidisciplinary cooperation with other scientific disciplines, and deals with problems of social pathology not only at a theoretical level. It also enters the practice as an activity willing to help in the solution of individual problems of the whole society, including social-pathological phenomena, such as the addiction of the mother to alcohol and its consequences to the child himself/herself, who comes to the medical institution and needs a help of specialists. The contribution conclusively indicates possibilities of social welfare professionals in the analysis and solution of these serious problems, encountered for the period of their professional practice.
- MeSH
- alkoholismus MeSH
- anamnéza MeSH
- dítě hospitalizované psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- rodiče MeSH
- sociální péče MeSH
- sociální podmínky MeSH
- sociální práce metody MeSH
- týmová péče o pacienty využití MeSH
- vztahy mezi matkou a dítětem MeSH
- ženy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between internet addiction, substance use and alexithymia among students of education faculty and medical faculty. METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study included 1,257 faculty students aged 18 and over, studying at Meram Medical Faculty and Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education. Young's Internet Addiction Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Fagerström Tobacco Addiction Test and CAGE alcohol use tests were applied to collect data. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 21.12 ± 1.96 years, 71% (n = 893) of them were females and 29% (n = 364) were males, 37.9% (n = 477) were training at medical faculty, 62.1% (n = 780) were training at the faculty of education. Of the students, 1.5% were internet addicts, 15.3% were possible addicts, and 22.8% had alexithymia. Internet addiction was higher in those with higher alexithymia scores (p < 0.001). Internet addiction was significantly higher in male students, the third grade, ones with lower academic success, students who work their lessons less than 2 hours a week. Internet addiction was also significantly higher in smokers and alcohol users (p < 0.001). While there was a low negative correlation between the first internet using age and internet addiction (p < 0.001), there was a moderately significant positive correlation between spending uninterrupted time on the internet and internet addiction (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, it was determined that the teacher and doctor candidates, who are studying at the faculties of education and medicine, were at risk of internet addiction. A teacher or a doctor who cannot develop social skills due to excessive internet use will not be a good model to communicate correctly with the target population.
- MeSH
- akademický sbor MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- netholismus * MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
V retrospektívnej štúdii sa poukazuje na problémy psychiatrickej starostlivosti o pacientov s alkoholovou závislosťou (n = 105). Na súbore pacientov z Psychiatrickej kliniky v Bratislave sa demonštruje fakt, že na hospitalizáciu sa dostávajú pacienti s veľmi častými psychiatrickými (v 65 %) a somatickými komplikáciami (85 %). Len malá časť pacientov je na hospitalizáciu odporučená psychiatrami (18,5 %). Diskutujú sa možné pričiny.
In a retrospective study (n = 105) from Psychiatric clinic in Bratislava there are demonstrated the difficulties in the treatment of patients with alcohol addiction. There are demonstrated the facts, that many patients have at the admission many psychiatric (65 %) and somatic (85 %) complications. Only a small part of patients is referred by psychiatrists (18,5 %), a significant part of patients was admitted without previous contact with psychiatrists or practical physicians. In the work there are discussed possible causes.
Závislost na tabáku se řadí mezi chronické onemocnění uvedené v 10. Mezinárodní statistické klasifikaci nemocí pod kódem diagnózy F 17. Článek poskytuje souhrn informací o tabáku, historii kouření, složení cigaretového kouře, škodlivosti, současných možnostech a strategii v léčbě závislosti na tabáku. Krátce připomíná stoupající problém kouření u dětí a adolescentů. Podle údajů Státního zdravotního ústavu (SZÚ) zhruba 80 % kuřáků ve věku 13–15 let nebyl prodej cigaret nebo tabáku odmítnut, mezi šestnáctiletými je 30 % chlapců a 25 % dívek denními kuřáky. V České republice (ČR) je v současnosti 28 center léčby závislosti na tabáku, která působí na úrovní odborné nefarmakologické, farmakologické a psychobehaviorální pomoci osobám závislým na tabáku.
Tobacco addiction is one of the chronic diseases mentioned in 10th International statistic classification of diseases under the diagnosis code F 17. This article summarises information about tobacco, history of smoking, contents of cigarette smoke and its harmfulness, current options and strategies for the treatment of tobacco addition. It also touches on the rising problem of smoking amongst children and teenagers. According to the data from the National Health Institute the sale of cigarettes or tobacco was not refused to 80% of smokers aged between 13 and 15; and 30% of boys and 25% of girls aged sixteen smoked daily. There are 28 specialized centres for the treatment of tobacco addiction in the Czech Republic. They work at the level of professional non-pharmacological, pharmacological and psychobehavioural help for individuals addicted to the tobacco.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite the last decade's significant development in the scientific study of work addiction/workaholism, this area of research is still facing a fundamental challenge, namely the need for a valid and reliable measurement tool that shows cross-cultural invariance and, as such, allows for worldwide studies on this phenomenon. METHODS: An initial 16-item questionnaire, developed within an addiction framework, was administered alongside job stress, job satisfaction, and self-esteem measures in a total sample of 31,352 employees from six continents and 85 cultures (63.5% females, mean age of 39.24 years). RESULTS: Based on theoretical premises and psychometric testing, the International Work Addiction Scale (IWAS) was developed as a short measure representing essential features of work addiction. The seven-item version (IWAS-7), covering all seven components of work addiction, showed partial scalar invariance across 81 cultures, while the five-item version (IWAS-5) showed it across all 85 cultures. Higher levels of work addiction on both versions were associated with higher job stress, lower job satisfaction, and lower self-esteem across cultures. The optimal cut-offs for the IWAS-7 (24 points) and IWAS-5 (18 points) were established with an overall accuracy of 96% for both versions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The IWAS is a valid, reliable, and short screening scale that can be used in different cultures and languages, providing comparative and generalizable results. The scale can be used globally in clinical and organizational settings, with the IWAS-5 being recommended for most practical and clinical situations. This is the first study to provide data supporting the hypothesis that work addiction is a universal phenomenon worldwide.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- návykové chování * diagnóza MeSH
- pracovní stres diagnóza MeSH
- pracovní uspokojení * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky normy MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály normy MeSH
- psychometrie * normy přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- srovnání kultur * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
