- MeSH
- adheze tkání * diagnóza etiologie komplikace MeSH
- cervix uteri patologie MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování metody MeSH
- gynekologické chirurgické výkony klasifikace metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- hysteroskopie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- uterus * patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- isthmocele,
- MeSH
- císařský řez * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- jizva komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- uterus patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- hysteroskopie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vzácné nemoci * diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- submukózní myom,
- MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování metody MeSH
- hysteroskopie metody MeSH
- leiomyom diagnóza etiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myom * chirurgie diagnóza etiologie klasifikace terapie MeSH
- myometrium diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- nádory dělohy diagnóza etiologie klasifikace patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Although extensive research has shown the pathological effect of fine and ultrafine airborne particles, clear evidence of association of environmental exposure to them and inflammatory changes in human nasal mucosa is missing. Meanwhile, pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis, despite being a disease with high prevalence in the population, is still unclear. The increasing evidence of the pro-inflammatory properties of these particles raises the question of their possible role in chronic rhinosinusitis. The presented study focused on detection of microsized anorganic particles and clusters of nanosized anorganic particles in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis by Raman microspectroscopy and comparison of their composition to histologic findings. The results were compared to the findings in mucosa obtained from cadavers with no history of chronic rhinosinusitis. Solid particles were found in 90% of tissue samples in the group with chronic rhinosinusitis, showing histologic signs of inflammation in 95%, while in the control group, the particles were found in 20% of samples, with normal histologic findings in all of them. The main detected compounds were graphite, TiO2, amorphous carbon, calcite, ankerite and iron compounds. The results are in accordance with the premise that exogenous airborne particles interact with the nasal mucosa and possibly deposit in it in cases where the epithelial barrier is compromised in chronic rhinosinusitis.
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nosní sliznice patologie MeSH
- rinitida * MeSH
- sinusitida * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Karcinom prsu patří mezi nejčastější zhoubná onemocnění u žen. Signální dráha PI3K/Akt/mTOR hraje důležitou roli v řadě buněčných procesů podílejících se na proliferaci, metabolismu, buněčném růstu a přežití. Alterace této signální dráhy byly nalezeny u celé řady nádorů, včetně nádoru prsu. Konstitutivní aktivace PI3K/Akt/mTOR signální dráhy hraje klíčovou roli v patogenezi nádoru a rezistenci na konvenční terapii. V souvislosti s nově schválenou léčbou pomocí inhibitorů PI3K nabývá na významu i stanovení PIK3CA mutačního statusu jako prediktivního markeru léčebné odpovědi.
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in several cellular processes involved in proliferation, metabolism, cell growth, and survival. Alterations in this signaling pathway have been found in a variety of tumors, including breast cancer. Constitutive activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays a key role in tumor pathogenesis and resistance to conventional therapy. In connection with the newly approved treatment with PI3K inhibitors, the determination of PIK3CA mutation status as a predictive marker is also gaining in importance.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an infectious agent influencing as much as 50% of the world's population. It is the causative agent for several diseases, most especially gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach. A number of other, extragastric manifestations also are associated with H. pylori infection. These include neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, demyelinating multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. There is also evidence for a relationship between H. pylori infection and such dermatological diseases as psoriasis and rosacea as well as a connection with infection and open-angle glaucoma. Generally little is known about the relationship between H. pylori infection and diseases of the pancreas. Most evidence about H. pylori and its potential role in the development of pancreatic diseases concerns pancreatic adenocarcinoma and autoimmune forms of chronic pancreatitis. There is data (albeit not fully consistent) indicating modestly increased pancreatic cancer risk in H. pylori-positive patients. The pathogenetic mechanism of this increase is not yet fully elucidated, but several theories have been proposed. Reduction of antral D-cells in H. pylori-positive patients causes a suppression of somatostatin secretion that, in turn, stimulates increased secretin secretion. That stimulates pancreatic growth and thus increases the risk of carcinogenesis. Alternatively, H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis and the so-called oncobiome, is proven to be associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma development via the promotion of cellular proliferation. The role of H. pylori in the inflammation characteristic of autoimmune pancreatitis seems to be explained by a mechanism of molecular mimicry among several proteins (mostly enzymes) of H. pylori and pancreatic tissue. Patients with autoimmune pancreatitis often show positivity for antibodies against H. pylori proteins. H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis, also is viewed as a potential trigger of autoimmune inflammation of the pancreas. It is precisely these relationships (and associated equivocal conclusions) that constitute a center of attention among pancreatologists, immunologists and pathologists. In order to obtain clear and valid results, more studies on sufficiently large cohorts of patients are needed. The topic is itself sufficiently significant to draw the interest of clinicians and inspire further systematic research. Next-generation sequencing could play an important role in investigating the microbiome as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- endometrium * diagnostické zobrazování patologie účinky léků MeSH
- estrogenní substituční terapie MeSH
- hysteroskopie MeSH
- inhibitory aromatasy farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- klomifen farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- kontraceptiva hormonální farmakologie klasifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- levonorgestrel škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metformin farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- nemoci dělohy chemicky indukované diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv * diagnostické zobrazování epidemiologie patologie MeSH
- receptory progesteronu terapeutické užití MeSH
- tamoxifen škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- testosteron dějiny škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
