Synovial fluid (SF)-derived monocyte-macrophage (MON-Mφ)-lineage cells in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remain poorly understood. We analyzed SF samples from 420 patients with KOA with effusion. The MON-Mφ cells accounted for 47.4% (median; range 7.1%-94.4%) of CD45+ cells and consisted of four subpopulations that correlated with the distribution and activation of other immune cells. The most abundant subpopulation was that of inactive CD11b+CD14-CD16- myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs; cDC2), which exhibited low cytokine production, low T lymphocyte stimulation, and high migratory ability. Other major subpopulations included CD11b+CD14+CD16- monocyte-like cells and CD11b+CD14+CD16+ macrophages, which share a similar transcriptomic profile. A subpopulation of CD11b-CD14-CD16- mDCs (cDC1) was less common. A higher proportion of CD11b+CD14-CD16- mDCs was linked to early-stage KOA and mild joint pain. Dendritic cells were rarely present in KOA synovium. This study revealed the considerable complexity of SF-derived MON-Mφ subpopulations and highlighted the role of inactive mDCs in KOA.
- MeSH
- artróza kolenních kloubů * patologie metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- buněčný rodokmen MeSH
- dendritické buňky * metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrofágy * metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- monocyty * metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- synoviální tekutina * metabolismus imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
nestr.
The project focuses on using immunological/imaging/biochemical methods for better description of the knee joint state in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). These patients are treated with a number of conservative methods of varying degrees of clinical effect. Therapy is chosen on the basis of clinical and x-ray examinations but without detailed knowledge of the particular biological/biochemical state of the affected knee (e.g. in terms of inflammatory/homeostatic status, stage, disease phase). This could explain variability in clinical outcomes. We expect that by synthesizing the obtained laboratory and clinical data, we will distinguish particular KOA phenotypes. Moreover, we will propose an electronic decision support tool that will be tested on a group of treated patients in order to optimise the diagnostic and treatment process of KOA.
Projekt je zaměřený na využití imunocytometrických/obrazových metod k zpřesnění popisu stavu kloubu u pacientů s gonartrózou (KOA). Tito pacienti jsou dnes léčeni řadou metod s různým stupněm klinické účinnosti. Léčebná metoda je zvolena na základě klinického a rentgenového vyšetření, avšak bez detailnější znalosti konkrétní biologické či biochemické situace postiženého kloubu (týkající se např. zánětlivého/homeostatického stavu, stádia, fáze nemoci). To může vysvětlovat variabilitu v dosažených výsledcích. Navrhujeme proto postižený kloub lépe charakterizovat před léčebnou intervencí (za pomoci průtokové cytometrie, expresních profilů buněk/ synoviální tkáně) a rozlišit specifické subtypy gonartrózy. Syntézou získaných laboratorních a klinických dat vytvoříme podklady pro konkrétní fenotypy KOA a navrhneme elektronický rozhodovací algoritmus, který budeme testovat na skupině léčených pacientů s cílem zefektivnit diagnostický a léčebný proces u KOA.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Juvenile primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) with renal involvement is extremely rare, reported approximately in 50 children, predominantly girls. Here, we present the first reported case of a male child with juvenile pSS with ocular surface disease (previously keratoconjunctivitis sicca), submandibular salivary gland involvement, and tubulointerstitial nephritis. First, two symptoms were clinically apparent at presentation. We illustrate here that kidney involvement in pSS should be actively looked for, as juvenile pSS may be associated with asymptomatic renal involvement. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood cells using multicolor flow cytometry revealed at the time of diagnosis changes in both adaptive (T memory cells and B memory cells), and innate immunity (an increased activation of natural killer cells, as well as monocytes and neutrophils, and an increased representation of intermediate monocytes). Our case report points to the importance of kidney examination, early diagnosis and therapy in juvenile pSS, as well as highlights international collaboration to obtain more data for this rare disease.
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune thrombophilia that is characterised by thrombosis and obstetric complications in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Pregnancy complications remain a challenging problem for patients with APS, especially during the first trimester. Although natural killer (NK) cells constitute up to 70% of decidual lymphocytes during the first trimester, their contribution to early pregnancy loss in APS is largely unknown. We aimed to analyse whether aPL are able to recruit antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of NK cells, with special emphasis on the differences in the effects of aPL containing anti-β2GPI domain 1 (anti-β2GPI-D1) antibodies (aPL+/D1+) and those that do not (aPL+/D1-). Our findings revealed a differential distribution of NK subsets in the presence of different aPL. Namely, aPL+/D1- IgGs increased CD56dim/CD16dim cells, while aPL+/D1 + IgGs increased the number of CD56bright/CD16dim cells. ADCC NK cell cytotoxicity was found to be higher in the presence of aPL+/D1- IgGs, as defined by an increased target cell death, degranulation and increased expression of CD11b, CD69 and NKG2D. Overall, our evidence showed that aPL are able to recruit ADCC, suggesting NK cells as candidate cells for APS-related obstetric complications.
- MeSH
- antifosfolipidové protilátky * MeSH
- antifosfolipidový syndrom * komplikace patologie MeSH
- beta-2-glykoprotein I MeSH
- buňky NK * metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- první trimestr těhotenství MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine the thrombogenicity of lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibodies using a modified thrombin generation assay (TGA) with the addition of activated protein C (APC) in a group of 85 patients with LA-positive samples. Of these, 58 patients had clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) according to the Sydney criteria classification, i.e., each patient had thrombosis or foetal loss, and 27 patients did not show any clinical manifestations of APS. A comparison of the two groups' TGA results revealed statistically significant differences (Fisher's test p = 0.0016). The group of patients exhibiting clinical manifestations of APS showed higher thrombogenicity in 56.9% of patients, while the group of patients not yet exhibiting clinical manifestations of APS showed higher thrombogenicity in 25.9% of patients. There were no significant differences in the specificity of the TGA test between the groups of patients exhibiting similar clinical manifestations. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a more significant relationship (p = 0.0060) for TGA than for LA titre (p = 0.3387). These data suggest that the determination of LA thrombogenicity with the TGA assay leads to an increased prediction of the manifestation of a thromboembolic event. Our findings appear to be particularly relevant for the prediction of thrombotic events in patients with laboratory-expressed APS and no clinical manifestations.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Lower gastrointestinal (GI) graft versus host disease (GVHD) represents a severe complication in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with high rates of transplant-related mortality. Deregulated innate immunity reactions are the features of its pathogenesis. Cellular senescence has been considered a program of the innate immunity. We focused on lower GI GVHD from the perspective of cellular senescence. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the impact of p16INK4a expression, a hallmark of cellular senescence, in intestinal biopsies of patients with lower GI GVHD symptoms and NFKB1 gene polymorphisms (rs3774937 C/T and rs3774959 A/G) on HSCT outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-two single-center patients who presented with symptoms of lower GI GVHD were analyzed in a retrospective manner. Two SNPs located in the NFKB1 gene regions (rs3774937 C/T and rs3774959 A/G) were genotyped from the peripheral blood samples collected before the start of the conditioning. All patients underwent proctosigmoidoscopy with biopsy of the mucosa. The expression of p16INK4a was analyzed in normal intestinal crypts and stroma. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients (50% male) received HSCT for hematological diseases (acute leukemias in 67%) and developed lower GI symptoms. Patients with p16INK4a expression in the intestinal stroma were in lower risk of developing histological grade 3-4 aGVHD (RR 0.18 [95% CI 0.05-0.65]; p = 0.009). The multivariate linear regression confirmed the independent effect of p16INK4a expression on time of the lower GI aGVHD symptoms onset (Coef. 38.9 [95% CI 12.7-65.1]; p = 0.005). The NFKB1 rs3774937 CC and TT/TC genotype were present in 40 and 80% of patients with p16INK4a expression, respectively (p = 0.04). The rs3774959 AA and GG/AG genotype were present among 43 and 82% of patients with p16INK4a expression, respectively (p = 0.02). Expression of p16INK4a was associated with no clinical variable but NFKB1 genotype. CONCLUSIONS: Our results address possible new mechanisms that may lead to better understanding of HSCT-related immune complications. Cellular senescence may bring novel approaches in GVHD diagnostics and therapy.
- MeSH
- gastrointestinální nemoci * etiologie MeSH
- inhibitor p16 cyklin-dependentní kinasy * genetika MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoc štěpu proti hostiteli * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- NF-kappa B - podjednotka p50 * genetika MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- stárnutí buněk genetika MeSH
- transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Léčba chronické lymfocytární leukemie (CLL) se díky inhibitorům signálních drah stává výrazně efektivnější. Přestože řada pacientů dosahuje excelentní léčebné odpovědi, cílení nových léků na maligní buňku není absolutní, a proto se setkáváme s celou řadou jejich vedlejších účinků. Se zavedením inhibitorů Brutonovy tyrozinkinázy (BTKi) první generace vzrostly obavy z rizika kardiovaskulárních (KV) nežádoucích účinků, včetně fibrilace síní (FS), arteriální hypertenze (HN) a srdečního selhání. U BTKi druhé a třetí generace jsou KV rizika nižší, ovšem údaje jsou limitovány kratším časem pozorování. Ukazuje se, že léčba některými BTKi může u rizikových pacientů průběh kardiovaskulárního onemocnění zhoršit, a proto je nezbytné před zahájením cílené léčby vyhodnotit jednotlivá rizika u každého pacienta, včetně anamnézy KV onemocnění, rizikových faktorů pro jejich vznik, elektrokardiogramu (EKG), případně echokardiografického vyšetření. U pacientů s vysokým KV rizikem a zvažovanou léčbou BTKi je vhodná multidisciplinární konzultace s upřednostněním selektivnějších BTKi druhé generace, jakými jsou akalabrutinib a zanubrutinib. Pacienti se srdečním selháním v anamnéze by obecně neměli léčbu BTKi podstoupit. Pacienti s anamnézou komorových arytmií by neměli být léčeni ibrutinibem, u léčby BTKi dalších generací není riziko komplikací spolehlivě známo. Pacienti léčení BTKi by měli být pravidelně sledováni stran rozvoje eventuálních KV komplikací, jako jsou srdeční selhání, arytmie nebo HN. Pro komplexní pohled jsou do přehledu nežádoucích kardiovaskulárních účinků zahrnuty všechny skupiny nejčastěji používaných inhibitorů signálních drah.
Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is becoming more targeted and effective due to signaling pathway inhibitors. Although many patients achieve excellent treatment responses, targeting the malignant cell is not absolute and a variety of side effects are encountered. With the introduction of the first-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi), there has been increasing concern about the risk of cardiovascular (CV) side effects, including atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension (HTN) and heart failure. With second and third generation BTKi, CV risks are lower, but data are limited by shorter observation. It has been shown that treatment with some BTKi may worsen the course of CV disease in at-risk patients, and therefore it is essential to evaluate the individual risks in each patient, including CV disease history, risk factors and electrocardiogram (ECG) before starting targeted therapy. In patients at high CV risk and being considered for BTKi therapy, multidisciplinary consultation is appropriate, with preference for more selective BTKi, including acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib. Patients with a history of heart failure should generally avoid BTKi therapy. Patients with a history of ventricular arrhythmias should not be treated with ibrutinib; the risk of complications with next-generation BTKi therapy is not reliably known. Patients treated with BTKi should be regularly monitored for the development of potential CV complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias or hypertension. For a comprehensive view, all groups of the most commonly used signaling pathway inhibitors are included in the review of adverse cardiovascular effects.
- Klíčová slova
- ibrutinib, akalabrutinib,
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky klasifikace škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie * farmakoterapie MeSH
- kardiotoxicita * patofyziologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteinkinasa BTK antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
x
x