- MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory ledvin chemie farmakoterapie MeSH
- nádory prostaty diagnóza terapie MeSH
- roboticky asistované výkony metody MeSH
- screeningové diagnostické programy organizace a řízení MeSH
- terciární prevence metody MeSH
- týmová péče o pacienty MeSH
- urologické chirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- urologické nádory * chirurgie diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- urologie * trendy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
INTRODUCTION: We evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1), IGF binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and -3 (IGFBP-3) in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of a multi-institutional database comprising 753 patients who underwent RNU for UTUC and had a preoperative plasma available. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed. The discriminative ability and clinical utility of the models was calculated using the lasso regression test, area under receiver operating characteristics curves, C-index, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: Lower preoperative plasma levels of IGFBP-2 and -3 independently correlated with increased risks of lymph node metastasis, pT3/4 disease, nonorgan confined disease, and worse recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) (all P ≤ .004). The addition of both IGFBP-2 and -3 to a postoperative multivariable model, that included standard clinicopathologic characteristics, improved the model's concordance index by 10%, 9%, and 8% for RFS, CSS, and OS, respectively. On DCA, addition of both IGFBP-2 and -3 to base models improved their performance for RFS, CSS, and OS by a statistically and clinically significant margin. Plasma IGF-1 was not associated with any of outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that a lower plasma levels of IGFBP-2 and -3 both are independent and clinically significant predictors of adverse pathological features and survival outcomes in UTUC patients treated with RNU. These findings might help guide the clinical decision-making regarding perioperative systemic therapy and follow-up scheduling.
- MeSH
- hodnocení rizik metody MeSH
- IGFBP-3 krev MeSH
- insulinu podobný růstový faktor I * metabolismus MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk chirurgie krev patologie mortalita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev MeSH
- nefroureterektomie * metody MeSH
- peptidy podobné insulinu MeSH
- předoperační období MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- protein 2 vázající insulinu podobné růstové faktory * krev MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie krev patologie mortalita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate emerging evidence and practical applications of thulium-fiber laser (TFL) for genitourinary soft tissue disease and urinary stone disease treatment. RECENT FINDINGS: A systematic review was developed using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, SpringerLink and Mary Ann Liebert Scopus databases between 2012 and 2020 years, using the PRISMA statement. We analyzed recent publications including in vitro and in humans outcomes of surgery using TFL. This new laser technology can be used in soft tissue diseases and stones present in the genitourinary system. Most of the comparisons are made with the Ho:YAG laser, using completely different settings. Nevertheless, TFL is safe, feasible and effective in the management of urologic diseases, showing superiority to Ho:YAG even in some studies. SUMMARY: The introduction of pulsed TFL technology has enabled the ablation of stones at rates comparable to or better than currently existing lasers in vitro, while also potentially reducing stone retropulsion. TFL is effective in treating genitourinary soft tissue diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia, and early data indicate that it may be effective in the treatment of urinary stone disease. More clinical studies are needed to better understand the indications for this novel technology and clarify its position in the urologic endoscopy armamentarium.
- MeSH
- endoskopie MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk chirurgie MeSH
- laserová litotripse * MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové * terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory měkkých tkání chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci prostaty chirurgie MeSH
- thulium terapeutické užití MeSH
- urolitiáza chirurgie MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Urotelové karcinómy horných močových ciest (UTUCs - upper tract urothelial carcinomas) sú relatívne menej časté a zahŕňajú 5-10 % všetkých urotelových nádorov. Etiológia a prirodzený vývoj UTUCs sú podobné ako pri urotelových karcinómoch močového mechúra. Histologicky sú karcinómy z prechodných buniek najčastejšími nádormi obličkovej panvičky a močovodu. Existuje mnoho rizikových faktorov pre UTUCs vrátane environmentálnych a genetických rizikových faktorov. Najčastejším príznakom UTUC je hematúria, buď makroskopická, alebo mikroskopická (u 70-80 %), bolesť v boku (pri 20 % nádorov) a hmatateľná bedrová masa (prítomná v približne v 10 %). CT (computed tomography) urografia (CTU) sa stala zobrazovacou metódou voľby na vyhodnotenie UTUC. Pokroky v endoskopických technikách pomohli pri diagnostike, klasifikácii a liečbe tohto ochorenia. Možnosti terapie zahŕňajú viacero spôsobov. Zlatým štandardom chirurgického manažmentu UTUCs je radikálna nefroureterektómia (RNU) s excíziou manžety močového mechúra, ktorá sa v čoraz väčšej miere vykonáva laparoskopicky alebo roboticky s použitím rôznych postupov pre distálny ureter. Neustále sa zvyšuje počet endoskopicky liečených pacientov, s vynikajúcimi onkologickými výsledkami najmä pri ochorení s nízkym (priaznivým) stupňom malignity. Lokálna aplikácia chemoterapeutických prípravkov bola extrapolovaná zo skúseností z karcinómu močového mechúra a môže byť doplnkom k endoskopickému manažmentu u pacientov, u ktorých je nevyhnutné vyhnúť sa RNU.
Upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) are relatively uncommon and comprises 5-10 % of all urothelial tumors. Etiology and natural history of UTUCs is similar to that of urothelial cell carcinomas in bladder. Histologically, the most renal pelvic and ureteral cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. There are many risk factors for UTUCs, including environmental and genetic risk factors. Most common symptom of UTUCs is hematuria, either gross or microscopic (70-80 %), flank pain (in 20 % of tumors) and a lumbar mass (present in approximately 10 %). CT urography (CTU) has become the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of UTUC. Advancements in endoscopic techniques have aided in the diagnosis, grading and treatment of this disease. Treatment options include many modalities. The gold standard surgical management of UTUCs is radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with excision of bladder cuff, which is increasingly being performed laparoscopically or robotically with various methods use for distal ureter. There are increasing numbers of patients being treated endoscopically, with excellent oncological outcomes in low (favourable) grade disease. The use of topical chemotherapy agents has been extrapolated from bladder cancer and may be an adjunct to endoscopic management in those patients in whom it is imperative to avoid RNU.
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky urologické klasifikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plošný screening MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- urologické chirurgické výkony klasifikace metody MeSH
- urologické nádory * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování epidemiologie farmakoterapie klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The objectives of this study are to evaluate the available literature regarding the oncologic effect of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with clinically non-metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and locally advanced UTUC. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases in November 2019, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We included studies that compared patients with non-metastatic UTUC who received either neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy with patients who underwent surgery alone. Subgroup meta-analyses were also performed for studies that investigated only locally advanced UTUC. Overall, 36 studies were included in the review of which 22 studies and 15,378 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was associated with higher rates of pathological downstaging (pDS) (RR 6.48, 95% CI 2.05-20.44, p = 0.001) and pathological complete response (RR 18.46, 95% CI 3.34-99.24, p = 0.001); and this was also proven in a subgroup analysis of studies that evaluated pDS in locally advanced UTUC (RR 3.18, 95% CI 2.0-5.07, p < 0.001). The association of NAC with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was also statistically significant in all patients and in patients with locally advanced UTUC. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) was associated with improved metastasis-free survival (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.55-0.76, p < 0.001) and CSS (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.57-0.77, p < 0.001), which continued to be true for the patients with locally advanced UTUC. The association of AC with OS was only significant in patients with locally advanced UTUC. Perioperative chemotherapy might provide better survival outcomes in patients with clinically non-metastatic UTUC treated with radical nephroureterectomy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy seems to have promising results, although high level of evidence is still lacking. Despite the low level, the body of evidence suggests a need for multimodal therapy of invasive UTUC.
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk farmakoterapie patologie chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nefroureterektomie MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie MeSH
- urologické nádory farmakoterapie patologie chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- MeSH
- cystektomie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- nefrektomie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- orchiektomie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pooperační komplikace * klasifikace prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- prostatektomie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- urogenitální chirurgické výkony metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- urogenitální nádory * chirurgie terapie MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
PURPOSE: We assessed the prognostic value of sex differences in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder treated with radical surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed®, Web of Science®, Cochrane Library and Scopus® databases were searched in July 2019 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared overall, cancer specific, and recurrence-free survival in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Formal meta-analyses were performed for these outcomes according to sex differences. RESULTS: Overall 66 studies with 100,389 patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and 40 studies with 39,759 patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma were eligible for review and meta-analysis. Female patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder were associated with worse cancer specific survival (pooled HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.10-1.31), overall survival (pooled HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) and recurrence-free survival (pooled HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.25). In contrast, those with upper tract urothelial carcinoma were not associated with cancer specific survival (pooled HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89-1.00), overall survival (pooled HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.01) and recurrence-free survival (pooled HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.78-1.03). CONCLUSIONS: Sex is associated with cancer specific mortality, overall mortality and disease recurrence in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder but not in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Given the genetic and social differences between the sexes, sex differences may represent a key factor in the clinical decision making process.
- MeSH
- cystektomie MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- nefroureterektomie MeSH
- přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- sexuální faktory * MeSH
- urologické nádory mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- MeSH
- karcinom z přechodných buněk chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře * MeSH
- nádory močovodu chirurgie MeSH
- nefrektomie MeSH
- nefroureterektomie * MeSH
- ureter MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- komentáře MeSH
- MeSH
- diverze moči metody MeSH
- exenterace pánve * klasifikace metody MeSH
- klinické rozhodování MeSH
- kolorektální nádory chirurgie MeSH
- kontraindikace léčebného výkonu MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malá pánev * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- nádory ženských pohlavních orgánů chirurgie MeSH
- nádory * chirurgie klasifikace MeSH
- předoperační období MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH