The main objective of this study was to determine how rat tapeworms affect the excretion of zinc and cadmium through rat feces. Male rats (Rattus norvegicus var. alba) were divided into four groups, and the experiment was conducted over a 6-week period. The control groups (00; 0T) were provided with a standard ST-1 rodent mixture and received 10.5 mg of Zn/week. Groups P0 and PT were fed a mixture supplemented with the hyperaccumulating plant Arabidopsis halleri at a dosage of 123 mg Zn/week and 2.46 mg Cd/week. Groups 0T and PT were infected with the rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta). Fecal samples were collected 24 h post exposure. Zinc and cadmium concentrations in rat feces were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Tapeworm presence decreased the amount of metals excreted through the feces of the host throughout the entire experiment, with the exception of 1 week (control group). No statistically significant differences between zinc excretion rates in the control groups (00 and 0T) were detected at any time throughout the experiment. A statistically significant difference between zinc excretion rates (p < 0.05) in the exposed groups (P0 and PT) was detected in 2 of the 6 monitored weeks. Group PT excreted significantly less cadmium (p < 0.01) than group P0 did in three of the 6 weeks. Overall, our results indicate that tapeworms are able to influence the excretion of metals by their host. Tapeworms accumulate metals from intestinal contents. It is not clear whether tapeworms carry out this process before the host tissues absorb the metals from the intestines or the tapeworms accumulate metals excreted from the body of the host back to the intestines. Most likely, it is a combination of both phenomena.
- MeSH
- cestodózy metabolismus MeSH
- feces chemie MeSH
- gastrointestinální obsah chemie MeSH
- Hymenolepis diminuta metabolismus MeSH
- kadmium farmakokinetika MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí farmakokinetika MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zinek farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Yeasts Cryptococcus humicola accumulated cadmium, cobalt, and iron (~ 50, 17, and 4% of the content in the medium, respectively) from the medium containing glucose, phosphate, and 2 mmol/L of metal salts. The effects of metal absorption on the levels of orthophosphate (Pi) and inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) varied for the metals under study. The levels of Pi and polyP increased in the case of cadmium and cobalt, respectively. In the case of iron, no changes in the levels of Pi and polyP were observed. Multiple DAPI-stained polyP inclusions were observed in the cytoplasm of cadmium-containing cells. The intensity of DAPI staining of the cell wall especially increased in case of cobalt and iron accumulation.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- Cryptococcus metabolismus MeSH
- dusík metabolismus MeSH
- kadmium chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- kobalt chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- polyfosfáty chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- sorpční detoxikace MeSH
- železo chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Responses of Scenedesmus quadricauda grown in vitro and differing in age (old culture-13 months, young culture-1 month) to short-term cadmium (Cd) or nickel (Ni) excess (24h) were compared. Higher age of the culture led to lower amount of chlorophylls, ascorbic acid and glutathione but higher signal of ROS. Surprisingly, sucrose was detected using DART-Orbitrap MS in both old and young culture and subsequent quantification confirmed its higher amount (ca. 3-times) in the old culture. Cd affected viability and ROS amount more negatively than Ni that could arise from excessive Cd uptake which was also higher in all treatments than in respective Ni counterparts. Surprisingly, nitric oxide was not extensively different in response to age or metals. Strong induction of phytochelatin 2 is certainly Cd-specific response while Ni also elevated ascorbate content. Krebs cycle acids were more accumulated in the young culture but they were rather elevated in the old culture (citric acid under Ni excess). We conclude that organic solid 'Milieu Bristol' medium we tested is suitable for long-term storage of unicellular green algae (also successfully tested for Coccomyxa sp. and Parachlorella sp.) and the impact of age on metal uptake may be useful for bioremediation purposes.
- MeSH
- fytochelatiny metabolismus MeSH
- kadmium farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- kyseliny karboxylové metabolismus MeSH
- metabolom účinky léků MeSH
- nikl farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- oxid dusnatý metabolismus MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- Scenedesmus účinky léků růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- sulfhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We monitored concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn in acantocephalan parasites (Acanthocephalus lucii) and its final host (Perca fluviatilis). The concentrations in parasites were found to be significantly higher than those found in the muscle, gonads and liver of fish host. The bioaccumulation factor values (BF=C(parasite)/C(host muscle)) were 194, 24.4, 2.2 and 4.7 for Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively. This suggests a benefit for the host due to the high accumulation of toxic cadmium.
- MeSH
- Acanthocephala chemie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- kadmium analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- mangan analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- měď analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- okounovití metabolismus parazitologie MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- střeva parazitologie MeSH
- těžké kovy analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- tkáňová distribuce MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
- zinek analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
Although the metabolic and toxicological interactions between essential element selenium (Se) and toxic element cadmium (Cd) have been reported for a long time, the experimental studies explored mostly acute, high-dose interactions. Limited data are available regarding the effects of Se-deficiency on toxicokinetics of cadmium, as well as on the levels of key trace elements--copper, zinc, and iron. In the present study, male and female Wistar weanling rats (n = 40/41) were fed either Se-deficient or Se-adequate diet (<0.06 or 0.14 mg Se per kilogram diet, respectively) for 12 weeks, and from week 9 were drinking water containing 0 or 50 mg Cd/l as cadmium chloride. At the end of the 12-week period, trace element concentrations were estimated by AAS. Selenium-deficient rats of both genders showed significantly lower accumulation of cadmium in the liver, compared to Se-adequate rats. Zinc and iron hepatic levels were not affected by Se-deficiency. However, a significant elevation of copper was found in the liver of Se-deficient rats of both genders. Cadmium supplementation increased zinc and decreased iron hepatic level, regardless of Se status and decreased copper concentration in Se-adequate rats. Se-deficiency was also found to influence the effectiveness of cadmium mobilization in male rats.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chlorid kademnatý metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- kadmium aplikace a dávkování metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- odstavení MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- selen aplikace a dávkování nedostatek metabolismus MeSH
- spektrofotometrie atomová MeSH
- stopové prvky metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- arsen farmakokinetika MeSH
- biologický transport účinky léků MeSH
- chemické jevy MeSH
- fyzikální jevy MeSH
- hematoencefalická bariéra MeSH
- hliník farmakokinetika MeSH
- kadmium farmakokinetika MeSH
- kovy metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mangan farmakokinetika MeSH
- neuroprotektivní látky MeSH
- olovo farmakokinetika MeSH
- rtuť farmakokinetika MeSH
- volné radikály MeSH
- zinek farmakokinetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The present study was designed to examine the antioxidative effect of curcumin, resveratrol and melatonin pre-treatment on cadmium-induced oxidative damage and cadmium distribution in an experimental model in mice. Male CD mice were treated once daily for 3 days with curcumin (50mg/kg b.w., p.o.), resveratrol (20mg/kg b.w., p.o.) or melatonin (12mg/kg, p.o.), dispersed in 0.5% methylcellulose. One hour after the last dose of antioxidants cadmium chloride was administered (7mg/kg b.w., s.c.) to pre-treated animals and control animals receiving methylcellulose. At 24th h after Cd administration the lipid peroxidation (LP - expressed as malondialdehyde production), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were estimated in liver homogenates. Cadmium concentration was measured in the liver, kidneys, testes and brain by AAS. Cadmium chloride administration to mice induced hepatic lipid peroxidation (to 133%, p<0.001), decreased GSH content (to 65%, p<0.001) and inhibited catalase (to 68%, p<0.001) and GPx activity (to 60%, p<0.001) in the liver. Curcumin, resveratrol and melatonin oral pre-treatment completely prevented the Cd-induced lipid peroxidation and Cd-induced inhibition of GPx hepatic activity. Resveratrol was effective against Cd-induced inhibition of catalase activity (p<0.001). The decrease in hepatic GSH level was not prevented by curcumin, resveratrol or melatonin pre-treatment. In mice treated with antioxidants alone the level of LP, GSH, GPx or CAT was not different from control levels. The pre-treatment with antioxidants did not affect cadmium distribution in the tissues of Cd-intoxicated mice. The results demonstrate that curcumin, resveratrol and melatonin pre-treatment effectively protect against cadmium-induced lipid peroxidation and ameliorate the adverse effect of cadmium on antioxidant status without any reduction in tissue Cd burden.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- glutathion metabolismus MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus MeSH
- inbrední kmeny myší MeSH
- játra metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- kadmium analýza farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- katalasa metabolismus MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
- kurkumin farmakologie MeSH
- lékové interakce MeSH
- malondialdehyd metabolismus MeSH
- melatonin farmakologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky záření MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů účinky záření MeSH
- stilbeny farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
