Bifidobacterium Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis are well-known health-promoting probiotics used commercially. B. animalis subsp. lactis has been isolated from different sources, and little is known about animal isolates of this taxon. The aim of this study was to examine the genotypic and phenotypic diversity between B. animalis subsp. lactis strains different animal hosts including Cameroon sheep, Barbary sheep, okapi, mouflon, German shepard and to compare to BB12, food isolates and the collection strain DSM 10140. Ten strains of B. animalis subsp. lactis from different sources were characterised by phenotyping, fingerprinting, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Regardless of origin, MLST and phylogenetic analyses revealed a close relationship between strains of B. animalis subsp. lactis with commercial and animal origin with the exception of isolates from ovine cheese, mouflon and German Shepard dog. Moreover, isolates from dog and mouflon showed significant differences in fermentation profiles and peptide mass fingerprints (MALDI-TOF). Results indicated phenotypic and genotypic diversity among strains of B. animalis subsp. lactis.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium animalis chemie klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- fenotyp * MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- genotyp * MeSH
- molekulární typizace MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- savci mikrobiologie MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
A wide range of articles describe the role of different probiotics in the prevention or treatment of various diseases. However, currently, the focus is shifting from whole microorganisms to their easier-to-define components that can confer similar or stronger benefits on the host. Here, we aimed to describe polysaccharide B.PAT, which is a surface antigen isolated from Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. animalis CCDM 218 and to understand the relationship between its structure and function. For this reason, we determined its glycerol phosphate-substituted structure, which consists of glucose, galactose, and rhamnose residues creating the following repeating unit: To fully understand the role of glycerol phosphate substitution on the B.PAT function, we prepared the dephosphorylated counterpart (B.MAT) and tested their immunomodulatory properties. The results showed that the loss of glycerol phosphate increased the production of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α in bone marrow dendritic cells alone and after treatment with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Further studies indicated that dephosphorylation can enhance B.PAT properties to suppress IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Thus, we suggest that further investigation of B.PAT and B.MAT may reveal distinct functionalities that can be exploited in the treatment of various diseases and may constitute an alternative to probiotics.
- MeSH
- bakteriální polysacharidy farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bifidobacterium animalis * chemie MeSH
- buňky HT-29 MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- dendritické buňky účinky léků imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- fosforylace účinky léků MeSH
- imunologické faktory farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
BACKGROUND: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are one of the major glycan source of the infant gut microbiota. The two species that predominate the infant bifidobacteria community, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium bifidum, possess an arsenal of enzymes including α-fucosidases, sialidases, and β-galactosidases to metabolise HMOs. Recently bifidobacteria were obtained from the stool of six month old Kenyan infants including species such as Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum that are not frequently isolated from infant stool. The aim of this study was to characterize HMOs utilization by these isolates. Strains were grown in presence of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3'-fucosyllactose (3'-FL), 3'-sialyl-lactose (3'-SL), 6'-sialyl-lactose (6'-SL), and Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT). We further investigated metabolites formed during L-fucose and fucosyllactose utilization, and aimed to identify genes and pathways involved through genome comparison. RESULTS: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis isolates, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis BSM11-5 and B. kashiwanohense strains grew in the presence of 2'-FL and 3'- FL. All B. longum isolates utilized the L-fucose moiety, while B. kashiwanohense accumulated L-fucose in the supernatant. 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) was the major metabolite from L-fucose fermentation, and was formed in equimolar amounts by B. longum isolates. Alpha-fucosidases were detected in all strains that degraded fucosyllactose. B. longum subsp. infantis TPY11-2 harboured four α-fucosidases with 95-99 % similarity to the type strain. B. kashiwanohense DSM 21854 and PV20-2 possessed three and one α-fucosidase, respectively. The two α-fucosidases of B. longum subsp. suis were 78-80 % similar to B. longum subsp. infantis and were highly similar to B. kashiwanohense α-fucosidases (95-99 %). The genomes of B. longum strains that were capable of utilizing L-fucose harboured two gene regions that encoded enzymes predicted to metabolize L-fucose to L-lactaldehyde, the precursor of 1,2-PD, via non-phosphorylated intermediates. CONCLUSION: Here we observed that the ability to utilize fucosyllactose is a trait of various bifidobacteria species. For the first time, strains of B. longum subsp. infantis and an isolate of B. longum subsp. suis were shown to use L-fucose to form 1,2-PD. As 1,2-PD is a precursor for intestinal propionate formation, bifidobacterial L-fucose utilization may impact intestinal short chain fatty acid balance. A L-fucose utilization pathway for bifidobacteria is suggested.
- MeSH
- alfa-L-fukosidasa klasifikace genetika metabolismus MeSH
- beta-galaktosidasa metabolismus MeSH
- Bifidobacterium longum enzymologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Bifidobacterium enzymologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- fukosa metabolismus MeSH
- genom bakteriální MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kyseliny mastné těkavé metabolismus MeSH
- kyseliny sialové metabolismus MeSH
- laktosa analogy a deriváty metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko metabolismus MeSH
- metabolické sítě a dráhy MeSH
- oligosacharidy metabolismus MeSH
- propylenglykol metabolismus MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- střeva mikrobiologie MeSH
- trisacharidy metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The mode of delivery plays a crucial role in infant gastrointestinal tract colonisation, which in the case of caesarean section is characterised by the presence of clostridia and low bifidobacterial counts. Gut colonisation can be modified by probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are infant prebiotics that show a bifidogenic effect. Moreover, genome sequencing of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis within the infant microbiome revealed adaptations for milk utilisation. This study aimed to evaluate the synbiotic effect of B. longum subsp. infantis, HMOs and human milk (HM) both in vitro and in vivo (in a humanised mouse model) in the presence of faecal microbiota from infants born by caesarean section. The combination of B. longum and HMOs or HM reduced the clostridia and G-bacteria counts both in vitro and in vivo. The bifidobacterial population in vitro significantly increased and produce high concentrations of acetate and lactate. In vitro competition assays confirmed that the tested bifidobacterial strain is a potential probiotic for infants and, together with HMOs or HM, acts as a synbiotic. It is also able to inhibit potentially pathogenic bacteria. The synbiotic effects identified in vitro were not observed in vivo. However, there was a significant reduction in clostridia counts in both experimental animal groups (HMOs + B. longum and HM + B. longum), and a specific immune response via increased interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 production. Animal models do not perfectly mimic human conditions; however, they are essential for testing the safety of functional foods.
- MeSH
- acetáty metabolismus MeSH
- Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis * MeSH
- císařský řez MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- gastrointestinální trakt mikrobiologie MeSH
- interleukin-10 biosyntéza MeSH
- interleukin-6 biosyntéza MeSH
- laktáty metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko chemie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- oligosacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- prebiotika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- probiotika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra účinky léků MeSH
- synbiotika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
