Lutein Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Karotenoidy jsou významnými přírodními antioxidanty, jedním z nich je ilutein. Obsahuje ve své struktuře hydroxylové skupiny, díky nimž i efektivněji vychytávat voiné radikály a realďivní formy kyslíku. Absorbuje také vysoce energetické modré záření. Tyto vlastnosti jsou důležité pro jeho působení v oku. V žluté skvrně působí proti vzniku a rozvoji věkem podmíněné makulámí degenerace. Oční čočka je místem ochrany před šedým zákalem. Může přispívat ochraně před kardiovaskulárními chorobami, a to především ovlivněním vlastnosti epitelu a svou antioxidační aktivitou. Působí jako prevence některých typů rakoviny. In vitro byla prokázána jeho schopnost inhibovat transkripci genů viru hepatitidy typu B.
Carotenoids are important natural antioxidants. Lutein is one of them. There are hydroxyl groups in its structure and these enable lutein to scavenger free radicals and reactive oxygen species more effectively than other carotenoids. Lutein also absorbs high energy blue light. These properties play critical role in the eye. In macula lutea lutein prevents age-related macular degeneration and in lens it probably prevents formation of cataract. Lutein can also help in fight with cardiovaskular diseases, mainly due to its antioxidant properties and is also able to change the proterties of epithelial cells. Lutein was also found as an anticancerogenic agent. In vitro it is able to inhibit transcription of the hepatitis B virus genes.
- Klíčová slova
- xantofyly, věkem podmíněná makulární degenerace, rakovina, kardiovaskulární onemocnění, virus hepatitidy typu B,
- MeSH
- antikarcinogenní látky MeSH
- antioxidancia chemie MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola MeSH
- karotenoidy farmakologie fyziologie chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lutein fyziologie chemie MeSH
- makulární degenerace prevence a kontrola MeSH
- virus hepatitidy B účinky léků MeSH
- xanthofyly farmakologie fyziologie chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Levels of lutein and a number of mycotoxins were determined in seven varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum) and two varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) in order to explore possible relationships amongst these components. Durum wheat cultivars always showed both higher lutein and mycotoxin contents than common wheat cultivars. The mycotoxins detected in both common and durum wheat cultivars were produced by the genera Fusarium, Claviceps, Alternaria and Aspergillus. Fusarium was the major producer of mycotoxins (26 mycotoxins) followed by Claviceps (14 mycotoxins), which was present only in some cultivars such as Chevalier (common wheat), Lupidur and Selyemdur (both durum wheat), Alternaria (six mycotoxins) and Aspergillus (three mycotoxins). Positive correlations between the levels of lutein and mycotoxins in durum wheat cultivars were found for the following mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), its derivative DON-3-glucoside, moniliformin, culmorin and its derivatives (5-hydroxyculmorin and 15-hydroxyculmorin).
- MeSH
- Alternaria izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Claviceps izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Fusarium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- karotenoidy analýza MeSH
- kontaminace potravin analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lutein analýza MeSH
- mykotoxiny analýza toxicita MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- pšenice chemie mikrobiologie toxicita MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- antioxidancia chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- karotenoidy klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lutein biosyntéza fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- makulární degenerace patofyziologie MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- sekundární prevence MeSH
- Tagetes MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- xanthofyly chemie MeSH
- zdravé chování MeSH
- životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
1. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of an unsaturated or saturated fat source and the effects of different dietary energy levels in laying hen diets on the carotenoid content of the egg yolk. 2. Seventy-two ISA Brown laying hens aged 22 weeks old were allocated, for a 10 week period, to three treatments: control diet (HE group) with a 3.4% supplemented fat containing 2.1% soybean and 1.3% palm oil as fat sources and a ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid (u/s) of 3.33; a lowered energy diet with 2.4% supplemented fat containing 1.4% soybean and 1.0% palm oil and u/s of 3.41 (LE+high u/s); a lowered energy diet with 2.4% supplemented fat containing 0.5% soybean and 1.9% palm oil and a u/s of 2.39 (LE+low u/s). A marigold plant extract supplement was used as a source of lutein. 3. Performance parameters (feed consumption, feed conversion, body weight), egg production rate and egg quality parameters were similar between treatments. Dietary fat digestibility at the middle of the study period was not different. Egg yolk total fat content was similar in all treatments at the middle and at the end of the study period. 4. Lutein, zeaxanthin, cis-lutein and total carotenoids content were significantly lower in eggs produced from the LE+low u/s group compared to those from the HE and the LE+high u/s groups (P < 0.01 for all parameters). 5. It was concluded that feeding laying hens with a diet containing 1% less supplemented fat and a lower u/s ratio compared to a control diet and to a diet with 1% less supplemented fat with a higher u/s ratio resulted in a significant reduction of carotenoid expression in the egg yolk at the end of experimental period. Performance and egg quality parameters were not affected by treatments.
- MeSH
- dieta veterinární MeSH
- dietní tuky aplikace a dávkování klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- karotenoidy metabolismus MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata analýza MeSH
- kur domácí fyziologie MeSH
- lutein metabolismus MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- potravní doplňky analýza MeSH
- vaječný žloutek chemie účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zeaxanthiny metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Xanthophylls in light harvesting complexes perform a number of functions ranging from structural support to light-harvesting and photoprotection. In the major light harvesting complex of photosystem II in plants (LHCII), the innermost xanthophyll binding pockets are occupied by lutein molecules. The conservation of these sites within the LHC protein family suggests their importance in LHCII functionality. In the present work, we induced the photoprotective switch in LHCII isolated from the Arabidopsis mutant npq1lut2, where the lutein molecules are exchanged with violaxanthin. Despite the differences in the energetics of the pigments and the impairment of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in vivo, we show that isolated complexes containing violaxanthin are still able to induce the quenching switch to a similar extent to wild type LHCII monomers. Moreover, the same spectroscopic changes take place, which suggest the involvement of the terminal emitter site (L1) in energy dissipation in both complexes. These results indicate the robust nature of the L1 xanthophyll binding domain in LHCII, where protein structural cues are the major determinant of the function of the bound carotenoid.
Makulární degenerace je závažné postižení centrální části sítnice oka, které je nejčastější příčinou ztráty zraku ve vyspělých zemích. Makula (žlutá skvrna) se nachází přibližně uprostřed sítnice a utváří fokální oblast oka, která nám umožňuje zřetelně vidět jemné detaily a určovat barvy. Je důležitá pro rozeznávání detailů a pro činnosti, které vyžadují centrální vidění, jako je například čtení nebo rozpoznávání lidí. Při poškození makuly dochází k poškození ostrého vidění ve středu zorného pole, často zůstává zachováno jen periferní vidění.
- Klíčová slova
- Ocuvite Lutein forte,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lutein aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- makulární degenerace farmakoterapie klasifikace terapie MeSH
- primární prevence metody MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The aim of this study was to characterize carotenoids and flavonoids present in French marigold flowers (Tagetes patula "Durango Red") as well as to assess the effects of harvest dates and postharvest treatments on these compounds. Carotenoids and flavonoids were quantified using their respective standards or semiquantified using relevant related standards. Lutein and its derivatives largely dominated the flower carotenoids, while the flavonoids were diverse with patuletin leading the list. Of the different postharvest treatments, ensilage leads to the highest content of carotenoids (from 5.0 to 7.8 g kg-1 dw) and flavonoids (from 19 to 50 g kg-1 dw). The composition of individual flavonoids was greatly influenced by different postharvest treatments, while the influence of harvest dates was secondary. Ensilage and drying induced separate metabolic pathways leading to degradation of high-molecular glycosidic compounds, converting the compounds either to their aglycones or into the intermediate flavonoid glycosides. We conclude that according to the intended industrial application, different postharvest techniques can be employed to acquire desired flavonoids on a large scale.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- flavonoidy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- karotenoidy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- květy chemie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- lutein chemie metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie metabolismus MeSH
- Tagetes chemie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
