Přehledný článek popisuje piercing jako jednu z novodobých zdobících technik lidského těla. Materiálem, z něhož se piercing vyrábí, bývá nejčastěji chirurgická ocel, stříbro, zlato a další vzácné kovy. Piercing je spojen s celou řadou zdravotních poruch různého stupně závažnosti. Adolescenti piercing aktivně vyhledávají a měli by být s těmito riziky seznámeni, aby se mohli lépe rozhodnout při volbě piercingu.
The text describes piercing as one of modern techniques of human body painting. Materials used for piercing are mainly surgical steel, silver, gold and other kind of precious metals. Piercing may cause health risks including infections, allergic reactions or functional disorders. It is popular especially with teenagers who should be aware of this health affecting procedure before they decide to go through with this.
- MeSH
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Dermatitis, Contact epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Body Piercing adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
The evolution of damage to building materials has been estimated for the 21st century, with a particular focus on aluminum, zinc, copper, plastic, paint, and rubber in urban areas. We set idealized air pollution and climates to represent London and Prague across the period 1950-2100. Environmental parameters were used to estimate future recession, corrosion, and loss of properties through published damage or dose-response functions. The 21st century seems to provide a less aggressive environment for stone and metals than recent times. Improvements in air quality are the most relevant drivers for this amelioration. Changes in climate predicted for the 21st century do not alter this picture. On the other hand, polymeric materials, plastic, paint, and rubber might show slightly increased rates of degradation, to some extent the result of enhanced oxidant concentrations, but also the possibility of contributions from more solar radiation.
- MeSH
- Algorithms MeSH
- Photolysis drug effects MeSH
- Rubber chemistry MeSH
- Aluminum chemistry MeSH
- Risk Assessment methods trends MeSH
- Construction Materials analysis standards MeSH
- Copper chemistry MeSH
- Environmental Monitoring methods MeSH
- Paint analysis standards MeSH
- Oxidants pharmacology MeSH
- Plastics chemistry MeSH
- Forecasting MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Light MeSH
- Zinc chemistry MeSH
- Air Pollution analysis MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- London MeSH
Cílem výzkumu bylo ověřit vztah mezi množstvím informací a hédonistickou hodnotou a vztah mezi množstvím informací a dvou proměnných Martindalovy vývojové teorie: původního obsahu a potenciálu vzrušení. Hlavním předpokladem je, že množství informací může ovlivnit odhad hodnot těchto proměnných respondenty. Pro ověření tohoto předpokladu byl proveden experiment se čtyřmi skupinami respondentů. První skupina nevěděla o prezentovaných obrazech nic, druhá skupina znala jméno autora, třetí skupina znala jméno autora a popisy obrazů a čtvrtá skupina znala všechny tyto informace a odhadované ceny obrazů. Obrazy z různých uměleckých období byly prezentovány respondentům zároveň s Martindalovými škálami měřícími původní obsah a potenciál vzrušení a s otázkou měřící hédonistickou hodnotu obrazů. Data byla analyzována Kruskal-Wallisovým testem. Výsledky ukázaly, že potenciál vzrušení, původní obsah a hédonistická hodnota se liší podle „uměleckého proudu“. Výsledky také ukázaly, že dodatečné informace mohou ovlivnit hédonistickou hodnotu obrazů a že více informací vede k vyšší hédonistické hodnotě. Více informací vede i k vyššímu potenciálu vzrušení. Článek je v anglickém jazyce.
The aim of this research was to examine the relation between the amount of information and hedonistic value, as well as the relation between the amount of information and the variables from Martindale's evolutionary theory: primordial content and arousal potential. The main presumption is that the amount of information can influence the estimation of those variables by the respondents. In order to check this presumption, an experiment with four groups of respondents was conducted. The first group knew nothing about the paintings, the second group knew the name of the author, the third group knew the name of the author and the description of the paintings, and the fourth group knew all of this information and the estimated price of the paintings. Paintings from different periods of art were shown to the respondents with Martindale's scales measuring primordial content and arousal potential and with a question measuring the hedonistic value of the paintings. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results have shown that arousal potential, primordial content and hedonistic value differ when it comes to the “art movement”. The results have also shown that additional information can influence the hedonistic value of the paintings and that more information leads to higher hedonistic value. Also, more information leads to higher arousal potential. The article in English.
In this study, we use separate eye-tracking measurements and functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neuronal and behavioral response to painted portraits with direct versus averted gaze. We further explored modulatory effects of several painting characteristics (premodern vs modern period, influence of style and pictorial context). In the fMRI experiment, we show that the direct versus averted gaze elicited increased activation in lingual and inferior occipital and the fusiform face area, as well as in several areas involved in attentional and social cognitive processes, especially the theory of mind: angular gyrus/temporo-parietal junction, inferior frontal gyrus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The additional eye-tracking experiment showed that participants spent more time viewing the portrait's eyes and mouth when the portrait's gaze was directed towards the observer. These results suggest that static and, in some cases, highly stylized depictions of human beings in artistic portraits elicit brain activation commensurate with the experience of being observed by a watchful intelligent being. They thus involve observers in implicit inferences of the painted subject's mental states and emotions. We further confirm the substantial influence of representational medium on brain activity.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Emotions physiology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
- Paintings * MeSH
- Brain Mapping MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Brain diagnostic imaging physiology MeSH
- Fixation, Ocular physiology MeSH
- Eye Movements physiology MeSH
- Attention physiology MeSH
- Social Perception * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Perfectly coated surfaces are an essential quality feature in the automotive and consumer goods industries. They are the result of an optimized, controlled coating process. Because entire assemblies could be rejected if Out-of-Specification (OOS) parts are installed, this has a severe economic impact. This paper presents a novel, line-integrated multi-camera system with intelligent algorithms for anomaly detection on small KTL-coated aluminum parts. The system also aims to automatize the previously used human inspection to a sophisticated and automated vision system that efficiently detects defects and anomalies on coated parts.
- MeSH
- Algorithms * MeSH
- Aluminum * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Paint MeSH
- Industry MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The pattern of chromosomal aberrations (CA) was studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique (whole chromosomes #1 and #4 painting) in workers occupationally exposed to any of the four following conditions: acrylonitrile (ACN), ethyl benzene (EB), carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs), and irradiation in nuclear power plants (NPP), respectively. Decrease in the relative frequency of translocations was observed in EB group, and an increase in reciprocal translocations in ACN and NPP-exposed groups. An increase in a relative number of insertions was registered under all four conditions (significant at ACN, EB, c-PAHs, quasisignificant at NPP-exposed groups). Significant differences in the percentage of lymphocytes with aberrations on chromosome #1 (58.8+/-32.7%, versus 73.8+/-33.6% in the controls, P < 0.05), and chromosome #4 (47.0+/-34.1%, versus 29.4+/-32.2%, P < 0.01) were found in workers exposed to ACN. Similarly, a decrease in the proportion of cells with aberration on chromosome #1 (61.0+/-24.0%, versus 73.8+/-33.6%, P < 0.05) and an increase on chromosome #4 (45.6+/-24.6%, versus 29.4+/-32.2%, P < 0.05) were observed in workers exposed to EB. Frequency of aberrant cells (%AB.C.) as well as genomic frequency of translocations (F(G)/100) increased with age (P < 0.001). Aging also increased the percentage of translocations and reciprocal translocations (P < 0.05), but decreased the relative number of acentric fragments (P < 0.01). Smoking led to significantly increased F(G)/100 (P < 0.05), but did not affect the pattern of chromosomal aberrations. Our results seem to indicate that different carcinogens may induce a different pattern of chromosomal aberrations.
- MeSH
- Acrylonitrile toxicity MeSH
- Benzene Derivatives toxicity MeSH
- Chromosome Aberrations chemically induced MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Radiation, Ionizing MeSH
- Smoking adverse effects MeSH
- Cells, Cultured MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lymphocytes radiation effects ultrasonography MeSH
- Chromosome Painting MeSH
- Mutagens toxicity MeSH
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons toxicity MeSH
- Occupational Exposure adverse effects MeSH
- Regression Analysis MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH
Wall paintings are integral to cultural heritage and offer rich insights into historical and religious beliefs. There exist various wall painting techniques that pose challenges in binder and pigment identification, especially in the case of egg/oil-based binders. GC-MS identification of lipidic binders relies routinely on parameters like the ratios of fatty acids within the plaster. However, the reliability of these ratios for binder identification is severely limited, as demonstrated in this manuscript. Therefore, a more reliable tool for effective differentiation between egg and oil binders based on a combination of diagnostic values, specific markers (cholesterol oxidation products), and PCA is presented in this study. Reference samples of wall paintings with egg and linseed oil binders with six different pigments were subjected to modern artificial ageing methods and subsequently analysed using two GC-MS instruments. A statistically significant difference (at a 95% confidence level) between the egg and oil binders and between the results from two GC-MS instruments was observed. These discrepancies between the results from the two GC-MS instruments are likely attributed to the heterogeneity of the samples with egg and oil binders. This study highlights the complexities in identifying wall painting binders and the need for innovative and revised analytical methods in conservation efforts.
1 list ; 25 x 35 cm
Padělateké - tři muži kolem stolu skloněni nad obrazem
- MeSH
- Behavior MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Paintings MeSH
- Fraud MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Caricature MeSH
- Book Illustrations MeSH
- Conspectus
- Sociologie
- NML Fields
- humanitní vědy a umění
- sociologie
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Light Coagulation methods utilization MeSH
- Cryosurgery methods nursing MeSH
- Laser Coagulation nursing utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Infant, Premature, Diseases therapy MeSH
- Infant, Premature MeSH
- Postoperative Complications etiology nursing prevention & control MeSH
- Retina surgery MeSH
- Retinopathy of Prematurity etiology physiopathology prevention & control MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Tables MeSH
