• MeSH
• biochemie MeSH
• klinická chemie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• biometrie MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH

• Konspekt
• Statistika
• NLK Obory
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika
• management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví

• MeSH
• ekologie MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• environmentální vědy

• MeSH
• faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
• karcinom MeSH
• nádory prsu MeSH
• prognóza MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• matematika, sociologie,
• MeSH
• matematika MeSH
• sociologie statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The primary aim of the study was to identify characteristics predicting the blood loss associated with primary total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty surgery. The other objective was to find out which characteristics were important for peri-operative allogeneic blood transfusion in the same group of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study comprised 210 consecutive patients who underwent primary THA (n = 115) or primary TKA (n = 95) at our department. In each patient, 21 pre-operative and peri-operative characteristics were recorded. Of them, the following characteristics were selected for statistical evaluation: age, gender, BMI, primary diagnosis, Charlson co-morbidity score, type of prophylaxis for deep-vein thrombosis, type of implant fixation (in THA), pre-operative INR value, haematocrit, haemoglobin (Hb) and platelet levels, amount of autologous blood donated by the patient, ASA score, operative time, use of tourniquet (in TKA), type of anaesthesia used, blood recuperation and patient's smoking habits. Multivariate analysis was used as the statistical method. For hypothesis testing, a statistical significance level of 0.05 was stated and, for enclosing (removing) characteristics to (from) multivariate models, the significance level was set at 0.11. RESULTS: The group included 81 men and 129 women; the mean age at the time of surgery was 65.5 ± 11.97 years (mean±SD) in the THA patients and 68.5 ± 8.52 years in the TKA patients. Primary osteoarthritis was the most frequent surgical diagnosis (THA, 64.35%; TKA, 82.1%). The mean amount of blood loss was 1258 ± 402.6 ml in THA and 1580 ± 475.5 ml in TKA. The mean amount of allogeneic blood required was 130 ± 202 ml when all THA patients were considered, and 371.95 ± 159.3 ml when only those who received it were involved. For the TKA patients, the corresponding values were 160.1 ± 278.8 ml for all patients and 507 ± 264.5 ml for blood recipients only. The characteristics that affected the amount of blood loss in THA included BMI, ASA score, blood recuperation, type of anaesthesia, and smoking habits; in TKA these were BMI, pre-operative platelet count, INR and type of anaesthesia. High pre-operative Hb levels made the probability of allogeneic blood requirement lower in both THA and TKA. Autotransfusion decreased the probability of allogeneic blood requirements only in THA. DISCUSSION That the pre-operative Hb level is the strongest predictor for the probability of allogeneic blood transfusion during both THA and TKA is a logical and well-known fact. What remains to be established is the optimal protocol for pre-operative preparation of the patients with low Hb levels undergoing elective replacement (hip and knee) surgery. This study clearly showed that, in THA patients, pre-operative autologous blood donation decreased the probability of allogeneic blood transfusion. Other results of our multivariate analyses were not clinically unambiguous and therefore further research on a larger patient group is warranted. Such studies will also require the development of a more exact method for the assessment of blood loss at the operating theatre. CONCLUSION: The patients with low pre-operative Hb levels have a high probability that they will require allogeneic blood transfusion during primary THA and TKA. Autologous blood donation can decrease this probability significantly (here proved only for THA patients). The multivariate model of blood loss published here could assist in estimation of peri-operative blood loss and potential risk of blood transfusion requirements.

• MeSH
• autologní krevní transfuze MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• náhrada kyčelního kloubu * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• totální endoprotéza kolene * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

The pharmaceutical industry has to tackle the explosion of high amounts of poorly soluble APIs. This phenomenon leads to numerous sophisticated solutions. These include the use of multifactorial data analysis identifying correlations between the components and dosage form properties, laboratory and production process parameters with respect to the API liberation Example of such API is bicalutamide. Improved liberation is achieved by particle size reduction. Laboratory batches, with different PSD of API, were filled into gelatinous capsules and consequently granulated for tablet compression. Comparative dissolution profiles with Casodex 150 mg (Astra Zeneca) were performed. The component analysis was used for the statistical evaluation of f1 and f2 factors and D(v,0.9) and D[4,3] parameters of PSD to identify optimal PSD values. Suitable PSD limits for API were statistically confirmed in laboratory and in commercial scale with respect to optimized tablet properties. The tablets were bioequivalent with originator (n = 20; 90% CI for ln AUC0-120: 99.8-111.9%; 90% CI for ln cmax: 101.1-112.9%). In conclusion, the micronisation of the API is still an efficient and inexpensive method improving the bioavailability, although there are more complicated and expensive methods available. Statistical multifactorial methods improved the safety and reproducibility of production.

• MeSH
• anilidy chemická syntéza   metabolismus   MeSH
• biologická dostupnost MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie metody   MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• nitrily chemická syntéza   metabolismus   MeSH
• tablety MeSH
• terapeutická ekvivalence MeSH
• tosylové sloučeniny chemická syntéza   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: The first aim of this study was to search for new biomarkers to be used in gastric cancer diagnostics. The second aim was to verify the findings presented in literature on a sample of the local population and investigate the risk of gastric cancer in that population using a multivariant statistical analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We assessed a group of 36 patients with gastric cancer and 69 healthy individuals. We determined carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 19-9, cancer antigen 72-4, matrix metalloproteinases (-1, -2, -7, -8 and -9), osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin and Helicobacter pylori for each sample. RESULTS: The multivariate stepwise logistic regression identified the following biomarkers as the best gastric cancer predictors: CEA, CA72-4, pepsinogen I, Helicobacter pylori presence and MMP7. CONCLUSION: CEA and CA72-4 remain the best markers for gastric cancer diagnostics. We suggest a mathematical model for the assessment of risk of gastric cancer.

• MeSH
• antigeny sacharidové asociované s nádorem krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori imunologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulin G krev   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Helicobacter pylori imunologie   MeSH
• karcinoembryonální antigen krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matrixová metaloproteinasa 7 krev   MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery krev   MeSH
• nádory žaludku krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• pepsinogen A krev   MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální krev   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• teoretické modely * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

AIM: Current diagnostics of bone metastatic disease is not satisfactory for early detection or regular process monitoring. The combination of biomarkers and the multiparametric approach was described as effective in other oncology diagnoses. The aim of the study was to improve the difference diagnostics between bone-metastatic disease and solid tumors using mutivariate logistic regression model. METHODS: We assessed the group of 131 patients with the following diagnoses: prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. According to the results of scintigraphy, the cohort was divided into 2 groups based on the occurrence of bone metastases. Group 0 was a control group of 75 patients with no signs of bone metastases and group 1 included 56 patients with bone metastases. RESULTS: We used stepwise selection multivariate logistic regression for choosing the multimarker formula for calculation of risk score for bone metastases diagnostics. For detection of bone metastasis, it was shown to be most effective measurement of 3 biomarkers: procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, growth differentiation factor-15, and osteonectin and combining with calculation of risk score by designating measured concentrations in mathematical formula: bone risk score = procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide × 0.0500 + growth differentiation factor-15 × 1.4179 + osteonectin × 0.00555. CONCLUSION: We identified growth differentiation factor-15 as the best individual marker for bone metastasis diagnostics. The best formula for risk score includes levels of 3 biomarkers-procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, growth differentiation factor-15, and osteonectin. The new score has better performance described by higher area under the curve than individual biomarkers. A further study is necessary to confirm these findings incorporating a larger number of patients.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory kostí metabolismus   patologie   sekundární   MeSH
• osteonektin metabolismus   MeSH
• radioisotopová scintigrafie metody   MeSH
• růstový diferenciační faktor 15 metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Biorelevant dissolution instruments represent an important tool for pharmaceutical research and development. These instruments are designed to simulate the dissolution of drug formulations in conditions most closely mimicking the gastrointestinal tract. In this work, we focused on the optimization of dissolution compartments/vessels for an updated version of the biorelevant dissolution apparatus-Golem v2. We designed eight compartments of uniform size but different inner geometry. The dissolution performance of the compartments was tested using immediate release caffeine tablets and evaluated by standard statistical methods and principal component analysis. Based on two phases of dissolution testing (using 250 and 100 mL of dissolution medium), we selected two compartment types yielding the highest measurement reproducibility. We also confirmed a statistically ssignificant effect of agitation rate and dissolution volume on the extent of drug dissolved and measurement reproducibility.

• MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie * MeSH
• farmakokinetika * MeSH
• gastrointestinální absorpce MeSH
• gastrointestinální trakt metabolismus   MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• rozpustnost * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH