Cieľ: Vyhodnotenie analgetického efektu nízkodávkovej rádioterapie v liečbe plantárnej fasciitídy. Analýza prognostických faktorov liečby. Metódy: V retrospektívnej analýze bolo sledovaných 273 pacientov. Hodnotili sme analgetický efekt I. a II. série liečby s režimom celkovej dávky žiarenia 4,0 Gy, s dávkou na frakciu 1,0 Gy, aplikovanú 2– 3krát za týždeň. Interval sledovania liečebnej odpovede bol 3 mesiace. Súčasne sme v 323 prípadoch plantárnej fasciitídy hodnotili prognostické faktory: vek, pohlavie pacientov a trvanie bolesti pred liečbou. Výsledky: Analgetický efekt celkovej dávky 4,0 Gy bol po I. sérii liečby 55,7 % a po II. sérii liečby 74,8 %. Výsledky boli porovnateľné s publikovanými údajmi. Z hodnotených prognostických faktorov malo signifi kantný vplyv na liečbu trvanie bolesti kratšie ako 6 mesiacov. Vplyv veku bol tiež signifi kantný, s benefi tom vo vekovej skupine pacientov mladších ako 50 rokov. Záver: Získané výsledky potvrdzujú dobrý analgetický efekt dávkového režimu aplikovaného v našej skupine 273 pacientov. Z analýzy hodnotenia prognostických faktorov vyplýva vyšší benefi t liečby v akútnom štádiu plantárnej fasciitídy. U mladých pacientov je však nutné zvažovať potenciálne riziká rádioterapie oproti iným liečebným alternatívam.

Backgrounds: To evaluate the analgesic eff ect of low-dose radiotherapy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and to analyse prognostic factors. Patients and Methods: Retrospective analysis was used in the assessment of the analgesic eff ect after the 1st and 2nd series of low-dose radiotherapy. The treatment regime of 273 patients included total dose of 4.0 Gy, with fraction dose 1.0 Gy, received 2– 3 times a week. Recommended follow-up was 3 months. In 323 cases of plantar fasciitis, prognostic factors (age, sex and pain duration before treatment) were evaluated. Results: Analgesic eff ect of total dose of 4.0 Gy was 55.7% after the 1st series and 74.8% after the 2nd series. The results are comparable to published results. Pain duration before treatment shorter than 6 months had a signifi cant eff ect on the treatment. Age was also a signifi cant prognostic factor, with benefi ts in the group of patients younger than 50 years. Conclusion: Results confi rm the advantageous analgesic eff ect of the dose regime received by our group of 273 patients. Analysis of prognostic factors shows greater benefi t of treatment in the acute stage of plantar fasciitis. When treating young patients, however, the possible risks of radiotherapy should be considered compared to other treatment modalities.

• MeSH
• celková dávka radioterapie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fasciitida plantární radioterapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měření bolesti MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Úvod: Náš výzkum byl zaměřen na objektivní data týkající se změn plantárního tlaku v průběhu těhotenství a po porodu, jakož i na možnost ovlivnit tyto změny pomocí speciální biomechanické obuvi, vyvinuté ve spolupráci Masarykovy univerzity s firmou J Hanák R, s.r.o.; Výzkumné metody: Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 38 těhotných žen, kterým byl na plantografické desce Emed®-at měřen plantární tlak v prvním a třetím trimestru těhotenství a po porodu. Dvacet jedna z těchto žen (experimentální skupina) nosilo v daném období speciální biomechanickou obuv. Při měření byly zjišťovány hodnoty plantárního tlaku a jeho časového integrálu v 10 oblastech pravé a levé nohy. Data byla poté zpracována pomocí ANOVA a Tukeyho post-hoc testů; Výsledky: Hlavními zjištěními byly statisticky významné nárůsty plantárního tlaku pod podélnou nožní klenbou a mediálním přednožím v průběhu těhotenství v obou výzkumných skupinách a následný pokles většiny hodnot po porodu. Statisticky významné rozdíly mezi hodnotami v experimentální a kontrolní skupině nebyly zjištěny; Závěr: Zatížení nohy se v průběhu těhotenství přesouvá dopředu a mediálně, což představuje větší zátěž především pro podélnou nožní klenbu, mediální metatarzální hlavy a palec. Po porodu se vzorec distribuce plantárního tlaku převážně vrací do stavu pozorovaného na začátku těhotenství. Vliv biomechanické obuvi na nohu se v tomto výzkumu nepodařilo prokázat.

Background: The study is focused on objective data about plantar pressure changes during pregnancy and after birth, as well as the possibility to affect change in plantar pressure by wearing special biomechanical shoes developed in cooperation between Masaryk university and Hanak Company; Methods: Plantar pressure data of 38 pregnant women were measured in the first and third trimesters, and after birth with Emed-at plantographic platform. 21 of the subjects (experimental group) wore special biomechanical shoes during this period. Peak plantar pressure and pressure time integral values in 10 masks of the right and left foot were measured separately and processed through ANOVA and Tukey post – hoc tests; Results: The main findings were significant increases in plantar pressure values under the longitudinal arch and medial forfoot region during the pregnancy in both groups, and a decrease in most of the values after birth. There were no statistically significant differences in measured values between the groups; Conclusions: The load of the foot shifts during the pregnancy in a forward medial direction, which puts more loads on the longitudinal arch, medial metatarsal head areas and the big toe. After birth, the plantar pressure distribution patterns mostly return to the original state observed at the beginning of pregnancy. The effect of the biomechanical shoes on the foot was not proved.

• MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obuv MeSH
• plantární plocha patologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• získané deformity nohy (od hlezna dolů) * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

The aim of our study was to compare gait in terms of foot loading and temporal variables after 2 different operative approaches (the extended lateral approach [ELA] and sinus tarsi approach). Twenty-two patients who sustained an intra-articular calcaneal fracture underwent plantar pressure distribution measurements 6 months after surgery. Measurements were performed while patients walked on the pedobarography platform. The values of dynamic variables were significantly lower on the operated limb in the ELA. In the sinus tarsi approach, no differences were observed between the operated and uninjured limbs (UIN) at peak pressure and at maximal vertical force. The values of temporal variables (contact time of the foot and of the heel) between the operated and UIN differed in the ELA. The hypothesis that differences in foot load between operated and UIN will be more significant in the ELA was confirmed. Our results showed that the differences in loading and temporal variables between the operated and the UIN persisted 6 months after surgery in both methods. The operated limb was less loaded, with the tendency to shift the load toward the midfoot and forefoot. After the less invasive sinus tarsi approach, the dynamic and temporal variables on the operated limb were nearly the same as those on the healthy one. The sinus tarsi surgical approach can be recommended for treatment of displaced calcaneal fractures.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• dislokovaná fraktura diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fraktury kostí diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• intraartikulární fraktury diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• patní kost zranění   chirurgie   MeSH
• plantární plocha MeSH
• poranění nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• skóre závažnosti úrazu MeSH
• tlak MeSH
• vnitřní fixace fraktury metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zatížení muskuloskeletálního systému fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Předkládaná studie se zabývá hodnocením zatížení nohy při chů zi v bě žné obuvi a v obuvi typu MBT, tedy obuvi nestabilní konstrukce. Pro analýzu rozložení tlaku na úrovni interakce chodidla a stélky byl použit systém Pedar v kombinaci se synchronním videozáznamem krokového cyklu. Měření proběhlo u souboru 10 zdravých žen při chůzi na trenažéru rychlostí 5 a 7 km.h –1 . Sledovali jsme maximální tlak, maximální sílu působící ve vertikálním směru, maximální sílu ve vertikálním směru v oblasti pod patní kostí, trvání kroku a dobu kontaktu s podložkou. Obuv nestabilní konstrukce v námi definovaných podmínkách významně nezměnila distribuci tlaků na podložku v porovnání s běžnou sportovní obuví. V souvislosti se změnou rychlosti chůze se rozložení tlaku na plosce nohy mění. Bylo potvrzeno, že s rostoucí rychlostí roste maximální tlak, vertikální síla i síla pod patní kostí.

Our study investigates plantar pressure distribution in both conventional footwear and one type of footwear with unstable sole construction, namely MBT. For the analysis of pressure distribution between the foot and the insole, the Pedar system was utilized in combination with the synchronic video recording of the gait cycle. Our test group for measuring consisted of ten healthy female participants walking on the simulator with the velocity of 5 and 7 km.h –1 . The studied parameters were peak pressure, peak vertical forces, peak vertical forces under the heel bone, gait duration and the length of stance. Within the framework of our study, footwear with unstable sole construction in comparison to conventional footwear did not produce any significant redistribution of plantar pressures. Faster walking speeds initiated foot loading asymmetry on the foot sole. When walking speeds increased, peak pressure grew, vertical forces rose alongside the plantar pressures under the heel bone.

• MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) * fyziologie   MeSH
• obuv * klasifikace   MeSH
• pata fyziologie   MeSH
• zatížení muskuloskeletálního systému * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: A triathlon is a multi-sport endurance event where a change of locomotion, especially a change from biking to running, affects coordination and running efficiency. However, information about how the change of locomotion influences foot load is missing. Thus the aim of this study was to determine if the plantar pressure distribution during running changes as a consequence of change of locomotion after biking part of a triathlon race. METHODS: 10 competitive triathletes (8 male and 2 female) at age 22-46 years underwent competition simulated laboratory test which included 10min of running, 50min of cycling and 10min of running at intensities corresponding to their racing speeds. Plantar pressure at 5 segments of the foot (hindfoot, midfoot, medial forefoot, lateral forefoot, and toes) were detected during running before and after the cycling using Pedar-X Novel tensometric system. RESULTS: Maximal pressure values within entire plantar area after cycling were not significantly different. However, maximal pressure values in medial and lateral forefoot were significantly higher (p<0.05) on both feet. The maximal pressure measured on hindfoot after cycling was also higher, although, the increase was significant only on left foot (p<0.05 left, p<0.15 right). Contrary, the maximal pressure measured after cycling on toes was significantly lower on both feet (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a shift of footload from toes dorsally to forefoot and hindfoot during running as a consequence of fatigue resulting from previous intensive cycling. Although the results of this study revealed a significant change in plantar pressure distribution in triathletes after the bike-run transition, further research is needed to determine the effect of cycling on foot loading during running.

• Klíčová slova
• Pedar-X systém, tenzometrie, oporová fáze běhu,
• MeSH
• běh MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• cyklistika MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) MeSH
• plavání MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• svalová síla - dynamometr využití   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost MeSH
• tlak MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this research was to analyse the distribution of plantar pressures and foot characteristics during walking between weeks 27 and 36 of pregnancy. The secondary purpose was to test the effect of the customized orthopaedic shoes that were worn by the experimental group. METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 73) were divided into 2 groups, control group (n = 38) and experimental group (n = 35) which completed 5 gait trials on a walkway (1.55m) at a self-selected velocity of gait, where force, pressure and remaining foot characteristics were sampled and displayed by Novel database pro m (version 25.3.24). RESULTS: Analysis of foot characteristics did not reveal important changes. Analysis of the distribution of plantar pressures revealed few changes in the pre- and post-measurement of the experimental and control groups between weeks 27 and 36 of pregnancy. In the last measurement, there is a significant increase of peak pressure only in the midfoot area of the left foot (151.1 ± 41.2 kPa) and in the hindfoot area of the right foot (346.3 ± 104.1) of the experimental group. The control group exhibits similar pressure development for both of foot. CONCLUSIONS: Monitored parameters demonstrated in certain areas notably development of force and contact area. Results of foot characteristics did not reveal a significant changes. As both groups registered similar values in certain areas in a comparison of pre/post measurement characteristics, the influence of specific orthopaedic shoes cannot be conclusively demonstrated in the experimental group.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) fyziologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• tlak * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: Dynamic phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P MRS) during and after acute exercise enables the noninvasive in vivo determination of the mitochondrial capacity of skeletal muscle. Nevertheless, the lack of standardization in experimental setups leads to significant variations in published values of maximal aerobic capacity, even in the population of healthy volunteers. Thus, in this study, we aimed to assess the impact of the ergometer type (pneumatic and mechanical resistance construction), radiofrequency (RF)-coil diameter, and different magnetic field strengths (3 and 7 T) on the metabolic parameters measured by dynamic (31)P MRS during a plantar flexion isotonic exercise protocol within the same group of healthy volunteers. METHODS: Dynamic (31)P MRS measurements of the calf muscle in 11 volunteers (mean age, 36  ±  13 yrs; mean BMI, 23.5 ± 2.5 kg/m(2)), on a 3 T MR system with a custom-made mechanical ergometer in the first research laboratory (RL1) and on 3 and 7 T MR systems equipped with a commercial pneumatic ergometer in the second research laboratory (RL2), were performed at three different workloads. RF-coils differed slightly between the sites and MR systems used. The repeatability of the experimental protocol was tested in every setup. The basal concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr), exercise-induced depletion of PCr (ΔPCr), initial PCr resynthesis rate (VPCr), and mitochondrial capacity (Qmax) were calculated and compared between the research sites and field strengths. RESULTS: High repeatability of the measurement protocol was found in every experimental setup. No significant differences at any workload were found in these metabolic parameters assessed at different magnetic field strengths (3 T vs 7 T), using the same ergometer (in RL2) and a similar RF-coil. In the inter-research laboratory comparison at the same field strength (3 T), but with using different ergometers and RF-coils, differences were found in the concentration of PCr measured at rest and in the drop in PCr signal intensity. These differences translated into difference in the value of mitochondrial capacity at a workload of 15% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force (0.45 ± 0.16 mM/s vs 0.31 ± 0.08 mM/s, in the RL1 and RL2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic parameters measured during exercise challenge by dynamic (31)P MRS do not depend upon the magnetic field strength used. For multicenter studies with different ergometers, it is important to set the same workload, measurement, and evaluation protocols, especially when the effects of very mild exercise (15% MVC) are to be compared. However, a higher workload (24% MVC) decreases the influence of imperfections and intersite differences for the assessed value of maximal mitochondrial capacity.

• MeSH
• bérec fyziologie   MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ergometrie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• fosfokreatin metabolismus   MeSH
• isotonická kontrakce fyziologie   MeSH
• izotopy fosforu MeSH
• kosterní svaly metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• magnetické pole MeSH
• mitochondrie metabolismus   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess the differences in plantar pressure distribution and in posture during slow and very slow walking on the treadmill in flat and high-heeled shoes. METHODS: The Pedar-X® (Novel, Munich, Germany) measuring insoles were used to measure the plantar pressure distribution and to assess temporal parameters during walking on the treadmill with the speed v1 = 0.97 ms-1 and v2 = 0.56 ms-1 in flat shoes (FS) and HH. For postural measurement, the SonoSens Monitor Analyzer (Gefremed, Chemnitz, Germany) was used. Thirty healthy females who only occasionally wear HH volunteered to participate in the study (age: 21.8 ± 2.09 years, weight: 55.7 ± 4.05 kg, height: 1.66 ± 0.03 m). For statistical analysis the ANOVA, and paired t-test were used. RESULTS: Significant differences in walking in HH were detected in temporal and plantar pressure variables, compared to FS. The walking speed influenced the temporal variables, but not the measured dynamic parameters, in either shoes. In the sagittal plane, significant differences in all sections of the spine were identified for v1 and v2. While walking in HH, lordosis at lumbar spine decreased significantly as well as at cervical spine, and kyphosis increased in the thoracic spine. In HH statistically significant differences between the walking speeds were observed particularly in the thoracic spine. CONCLUSIONS: Walking in high heels caused a plantar pressure changes and curvature of the spine, and the slowing of walking speed did not prevent these changes.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• obuv * MeSH
• pata fyziologie   MeSH
• páteř fyziologie   MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• tlak * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dermatologie MeSH
• porokeratóza MeSH
• Publikační typ
• výukové testy MeSH

Intensive thermal stimulation of various skin areas is one of the most common behavioral pain-measurement methods used either in humans or in experimental animals. In tail-flick test, the thermal stimulation is focused on the dorsal surface of the tail in restrained animal, while in the plantar test, the stimulation is focused on the foot planta through a glass table in freely moving rats. We modified the tail-flick test in the way that the tail withdrawal latency was measured in freely moving rats using plantar test apparatus. The aim of the experiment was to compare tail withdrawal latency measured by normal and modified tail-flick. The latencies were measured in intact animals, in animals under analgesia (baclofen 5 mg/kg i.p.) and under hyperalgesia (capsaicin induced acute inflammatory pain, surgical pain). The modified tail flick was tested on two frequently used intensities of the stimulation. It was shown that in intact animals the tail flick latency did not correspond with those of any intensity of the modified tail-flick test, it lied between them. Under analgesia, the withdrawal latencies significantly increased and tail-flick latencies corresponded with those of the lower intensity of the modified tail-flick test. Hyperalgesia models did not affect latencies of any method. It is concluded that modified tail-flick test can be used to measure analgesic effects of drugs and it may replace conventional tail flick test.

• Klíčová slova
• tail flick test, modifikovaný tail flick test, plantar test, potkan,
• MeSH
• analgezie metody   využití   MeSH
• baklofen aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hyperalgezie chemicky indukované   MeSH
• kapsaicin aplikace a dávkování   metabolismus   MeSH
• měření bolesti metody   veterinární   MeSH
• nocicepce MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• práh bolesti klasifikace   účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH